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~ Military Records ~
Civil
War Journal |
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Fayette County Civil
War Draft Registration, 1863
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| During the Civil War, the U.S. Congress
passes a conscription act that produces the first war time draft of
U.S. citizens in American history. The act called for registration
of all males between the ages of 20 and 45, including aliens with
the intention of becoming citizens, by April 1. Exemptions from
the draft could be bought for $300 or by finding a substitute
draftee. This clause led to bloody draft riots in New York City,
where protesters were out-raged that exemptions were effectively
granted only to the wealthiest U.S. citizens. |
Fayette County Draftees
To Colonel James B.
Fry, Provost Marshal General U.S., Washington, D.C.
Station: Headquarters Third Cong.
Dist. of Iowa
Date: 1st July A.D. 1863
Shubael P. Adams, Provost Marshal |
Third Congressional
Sub-District |
Draftees by Townships |
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45th Sub-district |
Auburn,
Clermont,
Dover,
Eden
Townships |
| 46th Sub-district |
Pleasant
Valley, West Union,
Richland, Windsor
Townships |
| 47th Sub-district |
Fairfield, Illyria,
Smithfield, Westfield
Townships |
| 48th Sub-district |
Harlan, Scott, Putnam,
Jefferson, Center,
Banks, Oran Townships |
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List I
comprises all persons subject to do military duty between the ages of
twenty and thirty-five years, and all unmarried persons subject to do
military duty between ages of twenty and thirty-five years, and all
unmarried persons subject to do military duty above the age of thirty-five
years and under the age of forty-five.
List
II comprises all other persons subject to do military
duty.
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Congress passed an amendment to the
Enrollment Act in 1864. Section 5 of the 1864 amendment limited
the length of an exemption from the draft due to payment of a
commutation fee to one year; those drafted thenceforth were
required to serve or to furnish substitutes.
Congress passed another amendment to the
Enrollment Act on March 3, 1865; this is sometimes referred to
itself as the Enrollment Act of 1865. Section 21 of the Act (13
Stat. 490) imposed denationalization (loss of citizenship) as a
penalty for draft evasion or desertion. Justice John
Marshall Harlan II's dissent in Afroyim v. Rusk mentioned the
Enrollment Act of 1865 as an example of a law in which a person's
citizenship could be revoked without his or her consent and which
the Congress of the time did not regard as unconstitutional.
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Ancestry.com. U.S., Civil War Draft Registrations Records,
1863-1865 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com
Operations, Inc., 2010. Original data: Consolidated Lists of
Civil War Draft Registrations, 1863-1865. NM-65, entry 172, 620
volumes. ARC ID: 4213514. Records of the Provost Marshal
General’s Bureau (Civil War), Record Group 110. National
Archives at Washington D.C.
The actual draft registration
records are available in NARA regional archives and sometimes
contain more information than the consolidated lists.
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Fayette County IAGenWeb