Jones County History - Jones County, Iowa

CHURCHES

First Congregational Church of Anamosa—About the year 1840, Rev. Thomas Emerson commenced special Christian labor in what was then known as "Big Woods," which included the whole of Fairview Township and also Greenfield and Rome Townships. His labors, through brief, were attended with some success, and after his departure to another State (Missouri), Rev. Mr. Rankin secured the names of a few persons with a view of organizing a Christian Church, but finding the project beset with many difficulties, he left it unaccomplished. Soon after this, about the year 1844, Rev. E. Alden, Jr., succeeded in gathering and organizing a small Congregational Church in Rome, which is thought to be the first Church organization in the county. But it was of brief duration. Discordant elements began to work, and the Church was dissolved early in 1846. In the spring of that year, Rev. Alfred Wright visited Big Woods as a missionary, and, in September following, removed to Anamosa, or to what was then known as Lexington. He labored here to impress upon the scattered Christians the need of a church organization, and, on the 14th of November, 1846, Samuel Hillis and wife, Solomon Hester and wife, Mrs. Margaret Hester and Mrs. L. C. Wright met to consider the importance of such a step.

After prayer and due deliberation, it was unanimously decided that a Congregational organization should be effected.

Samuel E. Ellis was then elected Deacon, and, on the following Sabbath, the members adopted the Articles of Faith as drawn up and adopted by the General Association of Iowa, together with a church covenant chosen for the occasion, and Brother Samuel E. Ellis was set apart by prayer and consecration to the office of Deacon. Mr. Wright continued his labors here until the fall of 1853, a period of about seven and a half years, his Church then numbering eighty-two members.

In 1851, a frame house of worship was erected a little outside and east of what was then the business portion of the town. The building is now used as a tin-shop, and stands on the north side, and just in the angle of Main street, in the western part of the town. This church edifice was probably the first erected in the county. It was neatly painted white, and comfortably seated with solid oak pews. In the latter part of 1853, or early in 1854, Father Wright removed to Quasqueton, Buchanan County.

In 1853, the name of the church was changed to the "First Congregational Church of Anamosa." Mr. Wright was succeeded in the spring of 1854, by Rev. E. O. Bennett, who remained here but six months. He was followed by Rev. H. W. Strong, who began his labors on the 1st of January, 1855, and continued the same length of time. On the 1st of June, 1855, Rev. S. P. La Dou commenced labor here and remained one year.

December 1, 1856, Rev. Samuel A. Benton entered upon the field and ministered to the Church during a period of five years, at the close of which he left, and was appointed Chaplain in the Fourteenth Iowa Volunteers, under Col. W. T. Shaw. Mr. Benton served but six months, when his health failed, and he returned to his home. During his last year as Pastor (1861), the present house of worship, then the most commodious in the town, was built, and during his ministry forty-nine were added to the Church.

June 1, 1862, Rev. O. W. Merrill was called to the pastorate of the Church, and continued his labors for four years as stated supply. On the 20th of June, 1866, he was installed as settled Pastor, and continued this relation until June, 1870, when, by his own request, and by advice of Council, he was dismissed to act as Superintendent of Missions for Nebraska; a position to which he was called by the American Home Missionary Society. During his ministry, a debt of over $700 was paid, the house seated at a cost of $500, a spire erected and a bell purchased at a cost of $700, an organ purchased and the house carpeted. From dependence on the Home Missionary Society for aid in supporting the pulpit, the Church became self-sustaining. In the eight years of his ministry, eighty-five were added to the Church. The working ability of the Church was more than doubled, as was also its average Sabbath congregation.

Rev. O. W. Merrill died at Lincoln, Neb., in the month of March, 1874. He was much beloved for his genial character as a friend, and for the higher qualities of a noble manhood and a consistent Christian.

In June, 1870, Rev. William Patton was chosen to fill the pulpit as stated supply, and preached during a period of three months.

In 1871, Rev. R. M. Sawyer began his ministerial labors, and remained with the Church one year.

September 1, 1872, Rev. J. B. Fiske commenced his ministerial labors, and still continues, to the full satisfaction of his parishioners.

M. E. Church When Iowa was still a wilderness, the Methodists commenced promulgating their doctrines, and the Iowa Conference established what was known as the Anamosa Circuit in the year 1849, and the Rev. Mr. Vail was sent to sow the good seed. Mr. Vail was succeeded by the Rev. Harvey Taylor in the fall of 1850. The population of the circuit at that time was small, but a class of ten persons was formed at Anamosa in the year 1851, and in February of the same year a church society was organized. For four or five years, the regular services of the Church were held in the Court House. After that the public schoolhouse was occupied for a time, and then the church edifice of the United Brethren. In the year 1865, it was determined by the society to build a church of their own. The necessary funds were subscribed, when a difficulty arose in regard to the location of the church building, which resulted in the withdrawal of about a third of the subscriptions and several of the members. Those who withdrew formed themselves into a society called the Protestant Methodist Church, which organization lasted but for a short time, dying for lack of support.

The building of the church progressed, however, and at the time of the dedication, in December, 1865, there was a debt of $2,500. This debt has since been paid, and the society now owns its own parsonage, and is in a very prosperous condition, having a debt of less than $200. The society owns other landed estate to the amount of about $800.

The first attempt at building a church was in 1851, but the money was finally expended in building a parsonage. A debt of some $200 was incurred, which ran along for a number of years, when the society was obliged to sell the parsonage. After paying the debts of the society, a balance of about $100 remained, and the old Congregational Church was purchased, which served as a place of worship until the present edifice was erected. The first class organized, as mentioned before, in 1851, consisted of ten persons. The first church record having been lost or destroyed, the historian is under obligations to Mr. D. Cunningham for the names which are as follows: Oliver Lockwood and Rebecca, his wife; Mr. Sedlers; C. L. D. Crockwell and Mary, his wife; Mary Bass; D. Cunningham and Sarah, his wife, and Mr. Vail and wife. From this beginning, the Church has grown, through many very severe trials, to its present proportions, having a membership at this time, August, 1879, of 230, with a large and prosperous Sabbath school.

The following are the names of the Pastors who have ministered to the spiritual wants of the society: Revs. Mr. Vail, Harvey Taylor, A. B. Kendig, A. Carey, G. H. Jamison, Otis Daggett, George Larkins, Isaac Soule, A. Bronson, F. C. Wolfe, A. Hill, A. H. Ames, U. Eberhart, Bishop Isbell, E. D. Rosa, E. W. Jeffries, S. H. Henderson, Wm. Fawcett, Wm. Lease, J. B. Casebeer, S. H. Church, John Bowman and J. M. Leonard, the present Pastor.

Protestant Methodist This Church seceded from the Methodist Episcopal Church at Anamosa in 1865, in consequence of a dispute in regard to the site of the new M. E. Church and other things, among them a feeling brought on by the war. Seven members, who were the leaders in the organization, bought the old M. E. Church building, and in it they worshiped. These members were Noah Hutchins, James L. Brown, John S. Belknap, Burrill Huggins, Joseph Moore, Samuel Brunskill and L. Belknap. They continued to hold services, although never incorporated as a society, until about the 1st of September, 1871, when they disbanded. The ministers who preached during their continuance were James Abbott and W. C. Beardsley.

Catholic Church When this western country was all a vast mission of the Catholic Church, occasional meetings were held wherever the priests could gather their congregations. We have no records of services of this denomination at Anamosa prior to 1857, at which time a mission station was established with this town as its head, the station at that time embracing a very large circuit, as the following towns were all included in the work: Anamosa, Castle Grove, Langworthy, Wyoming, Monticello, Fairview, Cass, Madison and the Buffalo Creek country. Meetings were held in the old Court House until the first church of this denomination was completed here in 1861. It was dedicated with considerable ceremony by Bishop Smith, assisted by several of the clergy. This church is a very neat, red-brick structure, and when dedicated was entirely paid for. It was built in the following manner: A number of the members of the Church got together, dug the foundation, and after this work was completed, quarried the stone, and, with their own teams, hauled it and laid it in position, not hiring any help. The lime was contributed, and all the money used was $100, donated by Mr. P. Flannery, who was at that time in the army and died there. This money was used to buy brick.

The church continued to be in the mission until 1865, when Father McLaughlin was first stationed here as the settled priest, and regular services have since that time been held in Anamosa. The circuit now comprises only this town and the Buffalo Creek country.

At the time the first service was held here in 1857, the congregation numbered less than fifty persons, including the following, with their families: John Flemming, Thomas Holt, Thomas English, J. Murphy, J. Connery, John Hayes, M. Doyle and James Spellman.

In 1874, this congregation built another church, having found the old structure too small for their needs. This new church is near the old one, and is quite an imposing structure, being 90x46 feet, and built of the limestone found in this vicinity. The cost was $10,000.

The following priests have ministered to this congregation, commencing with the mission station in 1857: Rev. Fathers Slatery, O'Conner, Gellestry, Cunningham, McLaughlin, Cannon, Shields, Lowery and Father Maher, the present incumbent, who has been with this people for ten years.

The Church is now entirely out of debt, and the congregation is large and influential. Among the members are some of the best citizens of the town and country.

St. Mark's Church (Episcopal, R.H.) August 14, 1859, the Eighth Sunday after Trinity, a parish was organized in Anamosa, Jones County, Iowa, under the name of St. Mark's, by the Rev. Walter F. Lloyd.

On Wednesday, March 15, 1860, after Morning Prayer and sermon, the corner-stone of St. Marks Church was laid by Rev. Walter F. Lloyd.

July 20, 1860, Friday, St. Mark's Church was opened for Divine service. Rev. W. F. Lloyd read Prayers. Bishop Lee preached, administered the sacred rite of Confirmation and the Sacrament of the Holy Communication.

The following Vestrymen were elected at the organization: C. W. Laing, E. H. Sherman, A. H. Peaslee, J. S. Dimmitt, E. Blakeslee, Bedford Fisher, William R. Locke, Matt. Parrott and John J. Welsh.

The following Rectors have served the interests of the Church: Revs. W. F. Lloyd, John H. Eddy, Hale Townsend, Ezra Isaacs, William Campbell, Robert Trewartha and the present Rector Rev. J. I. Corbyn.

Presbyterian Church The First Presbyterian Church of Anamosa was organized September 20, A.D. 1868, by a Committee of the Presbytery of Dubuque, appointed for that purpose, consisting of Rev. James McKean and Rev. J. L. Wilson and Ruling Elder S. F. Glenn. Those uniting in the organization were as follows: John McKean, Nancy A. McKean, Mrs. Pamelia Yule and her two daughters, Arvilla Yule and A. Yule, Mrs. J. H. Fisher and Mrs. D. C. Tice. John McKean was duly elected Ruling Elder of the Church and installed according to the usages of the Presbyterian Church. The meeting was held in the Baptist Church edifice. Rev. Jerome Allen was present and, by request, preached in the morning: Rev. J. L. Wilson in the evening. Rev. Jerome Allen supplied the Church temporarily with preaching during the fall and following winter. The first regular stated supply was Rev. Bloomfield Wall, a laborious and faithful minister, who remained with the Church for one year from August 1, 1869. During this year, the Church grew considerably in numbers, worshiping in what was then the courtroom, where is now (1879) Miller's photograph-rooms.

Rev. Mr. Wall being removed at the close of the first year to the southern portion of the State, the Church was left vacant and remained so until 1871, when the Church secured, in connection with the then Presbyterian Church of Wayne, the labors of Rev. J. Nesbitt Wilson for the three successive years. After this time, up to the spring of 1878, the Church, although now left destitute of stated preaching, was supplied about once a month by Rev. H. L. Stanley, the able and accomplished Pastor at Wheatland, Iowa. During these years, the times were hard, emigration was against the Church, several of the most efficient members removing, and death thinned the ranks by the loss of several of the most pious and devoted members the beloved Mrs. Ditto, Mrs. Pamelia Yule and the accomplished Capt. F. C. McKean being of the number. Notwithstanding seemingly discouraging circumstances, the members seemed generally to cling with more tenacity to the faith so true to Christ and the principles of representative republican church government, embraced in its order, as distinguished from absolute democracy on one hand and the rule of a hierarchy on the other.

A Sabbath school has always existed in connection with the Church from the first pastorate of Rev. Mr. Wall, and weekly prayer-meetings upheld.

In the spring of 1878, having no house of worship, on invitation of the citizens of Strawberry Hill, the place of worship was removed to Strawberry Hill Schoolhouse, where services were held until the completion of the church building, November 17, 1878.

As a preparatory step to the erection of a church building, on May 5, 1878, Articles of Incorporation were adopted in due legal form, under the name and style of "The First Presbyterian Church of Anamosa." They were signed and acknowledged by the following persons: William T. Shaw, Joseph Wood, John McKean, Albert Higby, B. F. Smith, Abraham Everett and Eugene Carr.

The first Board of Trustees were John McKean, Joseph Wood, Albert Higby, B. F. Smith and B. G. Yule, of whom Judge McKean was elected President and Albert Higby, Secretary, with Joseph Wood, Treasurer. Col. William T. Shaw had most generously donated to the Church, for its use for building purposes, one-half of a block of lots. The Church at once prepared to erect a building. The contract was let to Messrs. Parsons & Foley, of Anamosa, on July 1, 1878, and the corner-stone laid shortly afterward by the Rev. Daniel Russell. The building was dedicated, free of debt, Nov. 17, 1878, just four months afterward, complete and finished, which speaks well for the contractors, the Church and the generous-hearted citizens who so liberally aided by their funds and sympathy.

The building is of brick, 28x48 feet, with ornate tower 10x10 feet, on the northeast corner, about sixty feet high. The stone work is of the finest Anamosa limestone, with which the building is elegantly trimmed. The style of the architecture is Gothic. The grounds are fenced and ornamented with walks and trees, tastefully arranged under the supervision of Joseph Wood. The bricks were selected by B. F. Smith from his kilns on Strawberry Hill. Col. Shaw aided much by his judgment in building matters.

The dedication sermon was preached by Rev. A. S. Marshall, of Marion, and was an able discourse.

The funds necessary to meet all indebtedness were raised at that time. The Church now seems to be in a fair way to prosper, for which the members and friends of the congregation are grateful, under the able pastoral care of Rev. Daniel Russell.

The Church is the youngest of the sister Churches of Anamosa, and has received much encouragement and sympathy from them in the passing years.

The Sabbath school has been under the superintendency of the following persons: Capt. Francis C. McKean, Dr. Alex McKean and John McKean, assisted by B. G. Yule, Calvin Hazlett and M. Wood.

Mrs. D. C. Tice, Miss Martha Allen and Miss Gertie Reece have presided at the organ in church and Sunday school.

No member of this Church, during its existence, has ever been suspended or expelled by the Session.

All who have died, so far as known, have departed in the glorious hope of life and immorality through Christ, our risen Lord and Savior.

Baptist Church The Anamosa Baptist Church society was organized June 26, 1858, with seven members, as follows: E. B. Alderman, Lydia A. Alderman, Eliphlet Kimball, Mary E. Kimball, Jane Trester, Mary Baker and Anganet Swazee.

July 31 of the same year, Lavina Burlingham and Anna Saxby were admitted to membership. Rev. N. B. Homan was the first Pastor.

The whole number received up to September 1, 1879, is 196; number of members at that time, 88.

In 1868, the society erected a good and substantial church edifice, situated on Garnavillo street, north of Main. The dedicatory services were on Sunday, the 1st of March of the year 1868. The cost of the building together with the lot, was $5,725, and remaining unpaid at the time of dedication, $2,155.15.

The dedicatory sermon was preached by the Rev. N. F. Ravlin, of Chicago, services being held morning and evening. The total amount subscribed during the two services was $2,547, the whole amount of the debt, leaving a balance to the credit of the society.

The Rev. L. T. Bush is now supplying the pulpit with a view to locate as Pastor of the church.

Present officers: H. M. Remley, Clerk; I. H. Brasted, Treasurer; Trustees: H. W. Sigworth, John Rhodes and W. D. Litzenberg; Deacons, C. W. Coe and John Stewart.

In May, 1867, this society organized a Sabbath school, and E. B. Alderman was elected Superintendent, and served in that capacity for three years. H. M. Remley was next elected, and served three years. C. W. Coe was next elected, and served three years. H. M. Remley was next elected, and served three years. John Stewart was elected in 1879, and is the present incumbent of the office. There are fourteen officers and teachers, and an enrollment of seventy-six scholars. Contributions for the last year, $58.80. The school is in a flourishing condition.

FIRST BURIAL IN THE ANAMOSA CEMETERY

The first person buried in what is now the Anamosa Cemetery, was a child of John Leonard. Leonard's home was at Fairview, but he was working for some person in Anamosa (then Lexington), and his family was with him. His child died, and as there was no regular burying-ground, those who had previously died were buried on the hillside back of what is now the dwelling of Matthews & Son, and back of the Midland Railroad track. The child was buried on the hill, and among the few scattered trees overlooking the Wapsie. All who died here in the years that followed were buried on the same hill, and, finally, in the year 1854 or 1855, the ground, which was the property of Mr. G. H. Ford, was laid out into burial lots. The ground, as stated elsewhere, was purchased by the Anamosa Cemetery Association.

ANAMOSA CEMETERY ASSOCIATION

Pursuant to adjournment, the citizens of Anamosa convened at the Methodist Church on the evening of the 11th of May, 1863, for the purpose of completing the above organization, G. W. Field, Esq., in the chair. C. R. Scott was made Secretary of the meeting.

The Committee appointed at a previous meeting to draft Articles of Incorporation, made a report through W. G. Hammond, Esq., Chairman of the Committee, which report was received and the Committee discharged. The Articles of Incorporation were, on motion, adopted seriatim, and signed by E. B. Alderman, J. E. Friend, A. Spalding, D. Kinert, S. G. Matson, J. J. Dickinson, George W. Field, W. G. Hammond, H. L. Palmer, S. A. Pope, Jacob Gerber and C. R. Scott as corporators.

The Committee appointed on Cemetery Grounds, through J. J. Dickinson, Esq., reported progress, and the Committee continued under former instructions.

On motion, the Association proceeded to elect nine Trustees for the ensuing year. E. B. Alderman, W. G. Hammond, Alonzo Spalding, J. J. Dickinson, Israel Fisher, G. P. Dietz, J. E. Friend, C. R. Scott and G. W. Field were duly elected Trustees of the corporation.

G. W. Field, W. G. Hammond and C. R. Scott were appointed to draft by-laws for the government of the corporation.

The Secretary and Treasurer were instructed to open books for subscriptions.

The Association adjourned to meet again in one week.

On the 12th of May, 1863, Articles of Incorporation were filed for record with the Recorder of Jones County, Iowa, at 12 o'clock, P. M., and recorded in Book 22 of Deeds, Page 123.

Various propositions were received at different times for the sale of land to the Association, but no purchase was made until the 11th of May, 1864, when the grounds knows as the "old cemetery" were purchased from G. H. Ford, together with adjacent grounds, embracing in all about fifteen acres, situated west of the city, on an elevated portion of ground at the junction of Buffalo Creek with the Wapsipinicon River. The situation is decidedly beautiful and romantic. The purchase was made on three, six and nine years' time, at 8 per cent, and the Association was made ready to make sales of the laid-out lots, and soon entered upon the work of laying out and improving the cemetery.

In 1869, under the personal supervision of Mr. J. H. Fisher, the whole ground was inclosed with a strong, pine board fence, and a roadway thirty feet wide cut around, inside the fence. On the east side, a strip of ground some thirty feet wide and two hundred long, leading to the cemetery grounds proper, was inclosed in the same substantial fence, and at the entrance-way was made a handsome double gate, twelve feet wide. These gates are hinged to massive pillars, and are kept locked. The pillars are octagons, some thirty inches in diameter, eighteen feet high, and are connected at the top with a broad and tasty arch, supported on neat brackets, and faced with the inscription, "Anamosa Cemetery," in raised block letters. The whole is neatly painted, and presents a pleasing appearance. At the right of the gate as we approach, there are flights of steps on either side of the fence, for the convenience of pedestrians. The whole expense, up to that time, for fencing, grading, etc., was $517. Of this amount, the Association paid $43.50; collected by subscription, $373.50; appropriated by the Town Council, $100; total $517.

Since that time, the Association has, from time to time, made various improvements, and the city of Anamosa thereby has a most delightful spot for a burying-ground.

The present officers of the Association are: Directors, Messrs. Needham, Foxall, Schoonover, Heitchen, Shaw, Harvey, Peet and Newman; W. T. Shaw, President; A. Heitchen, Secretary; L. Schoonover, Treasurer, and George Bemrose, Sexton.

ST. PATRICK'S LITERARY AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETY

The above organization was chartered under the corporation laws of the State, on the 2d of March, 1861. A meeting for the purpose of organizing the Society was held some time previous, and Timothy Flaherty and Thomas Foarde were appointed a Committee to provide a Constitution and By-Laws for the government of the Society. The report of the Committee was made and adopted, in due course of time.

The following is the preamble of the Constitution, and it gives expression to the objects of the association:

"Deeply impressed with the necessity of making provisions against the misfortunes and calamities to which the mutability of everything earthly renders us liable, we conceive it a duty measurably incumbent upon us, to form ourselves into an association for the purpose of ameliorating—so far as it is in the power of benevolence—the calamities by which we may be overtaken. Imploring the aid of Divine Providence to direct and guide us in our undertaking, we do hereby unite and associate, for the purpose of affording each other mutual assistance in the hour of adversity, of disease and of death. To accomplish the above design with order and regularity, we submit the following Constitution and By-Laws for our regulation and government."

The Constitution provides that the society shall be known as the "St. Patrick's Literary and Benevolent Society," and that the members shall be practical Catholics only. The officers of the Society are a President, Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Treasurer, Librarian, two Stewards and a Doorkeeper, who are annually elected by ballot, at the stated meeting in March.

The present officers of the Society are: Richard Welsh, President; M. McKeone, Secretary; John McManns, Treasurer; Timothy Flaherty, Corresponding Secretary and Librarian. The Society has a circulating library of about eight hundred volumes, many of them good standard works. The best of harmony prevails among the members, and the Society is in a prosperous condition.

WESTERN SICK BENEFIT ASSOCIATION

This Association was incorporated July 7, 1879, by B. F. Shaw, J. C. Dietz, T. W. Shapley and G. D. McKay. Its place of business is Anamosa, Iowa. Its purpose is to afford insurance upon the mutual plan, against disability by sickness or accident. No sickness or disability of less than one week receives any indemnity. No policy-holder receives pay for more than twelve consecutive weeks of sickness during one year. All policy-holders are divided into three classes, A, B, and C. The first class carry an insurance of $20 per week, the second of $10, the third of $5. The cost of insurance for the first year in each of these classes is $20.50, $10.50 and $6.50, respectively. After the first year, assessments are made in case of each loss.

The plan of organization of the Association is to establish a division in all places where sufficient members reside to form a division. Each division shall choose five of their number as an Executive Committee, whose business it shall be to examine application for insurance, decide upon cases of loss where doubt exists, and look after the division in their charge. Any male person between the ages of fifteen and fifty-five, who can present from a regular physician a certificate of perfect health may become a member. The Association has been organized but six weeks at this writing. It has met with one small loss. Divisions are about to be established at Davenport, Quincy, Keokuk and Burlington. The officers are: B. F. Shaw, President; J. C. Dietz, Vice President; T. W. Shapley, Treasurer; G. D. McKay, Secretary; M. L. Ross, Medical Director.

ANAMOSA SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION

A society denominated the "Anamosa Scientific Association," was organized in the fall of 1878, and conducted with success during the winter and spring months of 1878-79, and bids fair to become a permanent organization. It was organized by the election of Dr. J. R. McLean, President, and Dr. A. V. Eaton, Vice President and Secretary. These two gentlemen, with the addition of Dr. E. W. Gawley, constitute an Executive Committee to supervise the conduct of the Association.

The following are some of the subjects treated upon during the winter: Two evenings were devoted to Geology, under the leadership of Dr A. V. Eaton; two evenings to Fish Culture and its History, by Hon. B. F. Shaw; one evening each to the Eye and Ear, by Dr. J. R. McLean; one to Chemistry, by Dr. E. W. Gawley; one evening to the subject of Diphtheria, by Dr. E. Blakslee and others; one evening on the subject to Hygiene, by Dr. S. G. Matson; two evenings on Heat and Ventilation, by Judge J. S. Stacy; Photography was treated of by Mr. Miller, and other topics were treated upon, proving both entertaining and profitable.

Organizations of this character certainly ought to receive encouragement, as they furnish a means of disseminating useful knowledge. The "Inductive Philosophy" of Bacon is as true in the nineteenth century as it was in the sixteenth, and thought and investigation is the spirit of the age, and the man who does neither is not a proper factor in the nineteenth century.

ANAMOSA ART ASSOCIATION

An Art Association was organized on the 8th of January, 1877, with the following officers and members: C. E. Littlefield, President; Mrs. J. S. Stacy, Vice President; Miss Zeolia Harmon, Secretary; Mrs. D. McCarn, Treasurer. Members—Nellie Fowler, Nellie Clancy, Belle Prouse, Mrs. C. A. Lee, Burritt Needham.

The object of the Association, as stated in the Constitution, is mutual aid in the study of art and aesthetic culture, the collection of art literature and such works of art or studies as might be deemed necessary for the purpose of the society. The society has held its organization, but not in an active condition, the members pursuing their studies individually.

The first collection of pictures was made the last of August, 1879, consisting of over 200 paintings and drawings. Mrs. D. McCarn, 23; Mrs. C. A. Lee, 21; Mrs. J. S. Stacy, 14; Mrs. Nellie Gawley, 5; Burritt Needham, 6; Miss Belle Prouse, 2; C. E. Littlefield, 8; Miss Tirza Holt, 13; Miss M. Blakeslee, 2; Miss Lou Shaw, 15; Miss Nellie Clancy, 5; Miss Olive Shaw, 8.

The number of paintings and drawings were not catalogued.

At the request of the officers of the county fair at Monticello, and several of the citizens of Anamosa, a collection of 130 of the pictures was exhibited at the fair in September, 1879.

SECRET SOCIETIES

Anamosa Lodge, No. 46, A.F.&A.M.—This Lodge was instituted under a dispensation from the Grand Lodge of the State of Iowa, in the month of June, 1854, and, with the exception of Anamosa Lodge, No. 40, I.O.O.F., is the oldest secret society at the county seat. The dispensation was granted to E. H. Warren, Calvin Snow, A. J. Lewellen and others, and they were appointed to the offices W. M., S. W. and J. W. respectively, until a charter should be obtained and officers elected in due form.

The charter was obtained, and on the 28th of July in the same year, the following officers were duly elected: E. H. Warren, M.W.; A. J. Lewellen, S.W.; J. H. Fisher, J.W.; N. W. Stockhouse, Treasurer; W. W. Wilson, Secretary.

The following were the appointed officers: Calvin Snow, S. D.; G. W. Fisher, J. D.; R. F. Ringer, Tiler; W. Burley and O. Cronkhite, Stewards.

There are at present ninety members.

There have been ten deaths: A. B. Cummings, S. S. McDaniel, F. C. McKean, E. D. Rosa, Chauncy French, E. H. Warren, George B. Gavitt, David Stewart, N. H. Wood and J. H. Strode.

The following are the present officers: Robert Dott, W. M.; E. J. Wood, S. W.; J. B. McQueen, J. W.; L. Schoonover, Treasurer; T. R. Ercanbrack, Secretary; J. Heacock, S. D.; James Lister, J. D.; Mark Pell, Tiler; Mark Wetherell and H. Hollenbeck, Stewards.

Royal Arch Masons, Mount Sinai Chapter, No. 66—The idea of establishing a Chapter of the Royal Arch Masons at Anamosa was first broached in the early part of the year 1872, and soon a petition was sent to the Grand High Priest for a dispensation, which was granted, and, on June 4 of that year, the Chapter was instituted. The charter members, numbering thirty-six, were as follows: T. R. Ercanbrack, J. D. Walworth, J. S. Belknap, Oscar Sherman, E. B. Alderman, R. McDaniel, L. Schoonover, Robert Dott, T. W. Shapley, William Lease, J. C. Dietz, John Wilson, Noah Hutchins, D. Stewart, W. C. Hodgins, C. French, E. Blakeslee, J. M. Canfield, G. B. Gavitt, S. C. Hall, W. W. Hollenbeck, F. E. Keyser, D. A. Peet, Charles Lewis, C. H. Lull, J. B. McQueen, F. C. McKean, John McKean, Alex. McKean, L. B. Parsons, J. A. Palmer, D. J. Stewart, F. H. Thompson, Wolfe Vehon, E. J. Wood and J. H. Williams.

The first officers of the Chapter were as follows: T. R. Ercanbrack, High Priest; E. B. Alderman, King; R. McDaniel, Scribe; L. Schoonover, C. H.; Robert Dott, P. S.; T. W. Shapley, R. A. C.; William Lease, G. M. Third V.; J. C. Dietz, G. M. Second V.; D. Stewart, G. M. First V., and Noah Hutchins, Sentinel.

The present officers are: T. R. Ercanbrack, High Priest; E. J. Wood, King; C. H. Lull, Scribe; D. A. Peet, Treasurer; J. H. Chapman, Secretary; L. Schoonover, C.H.; Robert Dott, P.S.; T. W. Shapley, R.A.C.; J. B. McQueen, G.M. Third V.; A. A. M. Frost, G.M. Second V.; James Lister, G.M. First V.; Mark Pell, Sentinel.

The representatives to the Grand Chapter have been T. R. Ercanbrack, E. B. Alderman, C. H. Lull and E. J. Wood.

Death has visited the Chapter but three times in the eight years of its existence. Those who have gone to take their degrees in a higher Lodge are David Stewart, C. French and G. B. Gavitt, and the loss has been felt quite severely, as they are among the best workers in the Chapter.

The total membership at this time (August, 1879,) is forty-three. Since its institution, but eighteen have been admitted. Eight have been dimitted, and have joined some other Chapter.

Mount Olive Commandery, Knights Templar (U. D.)—Several of the members of Mount Sinai Chapter, No. 66, feeling that they wished to be further advanced in the mysteries of masonry, resolved to establish a Commandery, and accordingly made application to the Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery, State of Iowa, for a dispensation, which was granted them on May 31, 1879, and the following members were initiated and occupy the various offices of the Commandery in the order named: T. R. Ercanbrack, A. E. Martin, C. H. Lull, D. A. Peet, Lew Kinsey, L. Schoonover, T. W. Shapley, J. C. Dietz, E. J. Wood, John McKean, H. W. Sigworth, E. B. Alderman, E. Blakeslee.

The Commandery is now getting into working order, and has everything in readiness for its work, and the indications are for one of the most prosperous commanderies in the State.

Anamosa Lodge, No. 40, I.O.O.F.—This Lodge is one of the oldest in this part of the State, and was instituted July 6, 1852. The charter members were: B. Beach, Pratt R. Skinner, S. J. Dunham, J. S. Dimmitt, J. W. Singer, Joseph Mann and H. C. Metcalf. The charter members now living are Joseph Mann, Pratt R. Skinner and H. C. Metcalf. The latter is still a member of Anamosa Lodge. There are seventy-one members at the present time, and the Lodge has initiated 237 persons since it was organized.

The first officers were: John S. Dimmitt, N.G.; Benj. Beach, V.G.; Pratt R. Skinner, Secretary; J. W. Singer, Treasurer.
The present officers are: Garrett Slingerland, N.G.; A. L. Eager, V.G.; John Moreland, R.S.; W. C. Monroe, P.S.; A. Heitchen, Treasurer; Samuel Tucker, W.; John Foxall, C.; W. H. Symons, R.S.N.G.; D. M. Griffith, L.S.N.G.; L. B. Peck, O.G.; Frank Chapman, I.G.; J. P. Scroggs, R.S.S.; H. H. Monroe, L.S.S.; W. H. Ostrander, R.S.V.G.; R. J. Kelsey, L.S.V.G.

The Lodge owns its hall, which is well furnished, and there is a fund of $1,500 at interest. The opportunities for benevolent purposes have been frequent, and the Lodge has always responded liberally. Her donation for outside public charities has averaged $50 per year, while the amount paid for the relief of those who were members has been much larger; in one instance, $59 were paid for the care of a brother in a single week. During the rebellion, much aid was extended to the families rendered indigent by the war. The members speak of the history of the Lodge with a degree of pride, and its long and continued prosperity is a just reason therefore.

McDaniel Encampment, I.O.O.F.—The Encampment was instituted March 6, 1866, with eleven charter members. The number of members at present is forty-five. The present officers are: Garrett Slingerland, C.P.; John Foxall, S.W.; L. C. Aldrich, H.P.; C. S. Cooper, J.W.; W. C. Monroe, Scribe; S. Needham, Treasurer; William Dickerson, S.; E. M. Harvey, G.; J. B. McQueen, First W.; Samuel Tucker, Second W.; W. L. Storey, Third W.; L. B. Peck, Fourth W.

Stella Lodge, No. 223, I. O. O. F.—In 1871, Anamosa Lodge, No. 40, had grown to considerable proportions, and some of the members regarded the idea of another Lodge with favor, as such a large body could not get along as well as a smaller and more compact organization. With this feeling, they took their cards from the old Lodge, and applied for a dispensation, which was granted and charter issued. The Secretary's book, under date of May 1, 1871, says: "At the first stated meeting of Stella Lodge, held at their lodge-room in Anamosa, Iowa, the Lodge was called to order by D.D.G.M. George W. Condon, who duly installed said Stella Lodge, No. 223, I.O.O.F., pursuant to the laws and usages of the Order, with the following named brothers as charter members: J. C. Dietz, R. McDaniel, J. B. McQueen, D. J. Bissell, H. O. Brown, Charles Lewis, James D. Perfect, John McKean, John T. Rigby, W. J. Sloan, and A. S. Atkinson. After which, the following named officers were elected and installed: Noble Grand, J. C. Dietz; Vice Grand, D. J. Bissell; Secretary, R. McDaniel; Treasurer, J. S. Perfect." The Lodge immediately began work, and soon a fine organization was the result. Regalia and lodge-room furniture were purchased, and a neat lodge-room fitted up. The organization was always in a flourishing condition financially and otherwise; and, at the time of the Chicago fire, while many older Lodges sent small contributions, or none at all, this Lodge forwarded $60.20 to the sufferers. Of all the deeds of charity done by this Lodge, we cannot speak, but the records show many. How money was loaned to members who were in need of help (in many instances without interest), is all spread upon the records, and much honor is due the members for their prompt responses to calls for help.

In 1877, the hall occupied by Stella Lodge, became too small for their needs, and, under date of November 20, 1877, we find upon the Secretary's book this motion: "Moved and carried that a committee of three be appointed to make some arrangements, or see what can be done in regard to renting or purchasing a lodge-room for the Lodge." From subsequent records, it appears that this committee did its work well, and it was acceptable to the society, as appears from the following, which is among the records of January 1, 1878: "Moved and carried, that the Trustees of this Lodge be requested to sign the notes and other papers necessary for the purchase of a hall (known as Eureka Hall) from W. T. Shaw." The hall was then unfinished, and considerable time lapsed before it was finished in a condition to be occupied; but, finally, everything was in readiness, and on the 1st of May, 1878, Stella Lodge was the proud possessor of as fine a lodge-room as was to be found in this section of Iowa. The total cost of hall and furnishings was nearly $1,500.

The total membership at this time (August, 1879) is eighty. Since the organization of the Lodge, seventy-nine members have been admitted, and seven have withdrawn. "Death loves a shining mark," and has taken three of the best of the members of Stella Lodge, namely, F. C. McKean, O. B. Crane and G. B. Gavitt.

The present elective officers are as follows: T. M. Belknap, N.G.; J. B. McQueen, V.G.; I. H. Brasted, Secretary; A. V. Eaton, Permanent Secretary; S. Needham, Treasurer.

A.O.U.W., Anamosa Lodge, No. 56, was organized March 14, 1876, by District Deputy Heywood. The following were charter members: C. W. Coe, E. B. Alderman, R. A. Abell, William Stoddart, C. Hazlett, C. H. Bingham, J. W. Miller, J. S. Carter, R. L. Duer, J. V. Lewis, G. L. Yount.

Number of members September 1, 1879, sixty-two.

The Lodge is in a prosperous condition. There have been no deaths in this lodge.

Anamosa Lodge, No. 217, I.O.G.T. —This Lodge was instituted October 24, 1865, W. S. Peters, of Dubuque, officiating, and included the following charter members: J. D. Walworth, H. T. Curry, H. L. Palmer, John McKean, J. A. Palmer, L. T. Wilcox, E. W. Jeffries, E. M. Littlefield and G. L. Yount.

H. T. Curry was chosen the first W.C.T.

At the end of the first year, the Lodge included 143 members—ladies and gentlemen.

At a meeting held in the court room February 15, 1870, it was resolved to surrender the charter of the Lodge. The Order then adjourned sine die, to come together on the call of seven members. The cause of Good Templars was neglected in Anamosa for several years.

The Order, however, was revived in May, 1876, at which time meetings were commenced in Shaw's Block. There were present at the meeting for re-organization, J. H. Barnard, Mrs. S. Needham, Mrs. M. T. Higgins, H. M. Remley and T. E. Booth. The Lodge was soon fully equipped and placed in good running order. It has enjoyed a prosperous condition ever since its resuscitation, and is now composed of eighty-nine members in good standing. The temperate condition of the city of Anamosa speaks favorably of the influence of this organization, which we believe is the only temperance society in the place. A Blue Ribbon Club was organized a year or two since, but proved short lived. The Order meets in the Odd Fellows' Hall.

The present officers include T. E. Booth, W.C.T.; Miss Josie Chapman, W.V.T.; G. A. Eldridge, Sec'y; Miss Laura Monroe, W.F.S.; Mrs. R. B. Condit, W.T.; Mrs. C. W. Coe, W.C.; Frank Buxton, W.M.

ANAMOSA DRIVING-PARK ASSOCIATION

The above Association was organized under the Corporation Laws of the State, on the 5th of August, 1879.

The following is the published notice of incorporation:

"First. The name of the corporation is the "Anamosa Driving Park Association."

"Second. The general nature of the business of said Association is as follows: The purchase, improvement and fitting up of grounds to be used for fairs, agriculture exhibitions, for the training of horses, and for the purpose of a driving-park generally, with power to lease said grounds for the above said purposes and such other uses as the Executive Committee may determine.

"Third. The authorized capital stock of this Association is $3,000, with power to increase the same to $5,000, in shares of $25 each, payable on the call of the President.

"Fourth. The time of commencement of said corporation is August 5, 1879, and the same is to continue for twenty years.

"Fifth. The affairs of the Association shall be conducted by one President, one Vice President, one Secretary, one Treasurer and five Directors, which five Directors, together with President and Secretary, shall constitute an Executive Committee. All of said officers shall be elected by the stockholders of said Association on the first Monday in January of each year.

"Sixth. The highest amount of indebtedness to which the corporation is at any one time to subject itself, is $500.

"Seventh. The private property of the stockholders shall be exempt from the payment of corporation debts."

The following are the officers: N. S. Noble, President; J. P. Scroggs, Vice President; William McIntyre, Secretary; L. Schoonover, Treasurer.

Directors: George Watters, L. N. Pitcher, Patrick Washington, John Foley and Samuel Tucker.

WATER-WORKS

At the time Anamosa was equipped with a system of water-works (1875), it is said to have been the smallest city in the United States thus furnished. Previous to the year mentioned, the city had no satisfactory protection against fires. Insurance rates were high in consequence, and a feeling of insecurity pervaded the ranks of the property-holders. It was the opinion of various enterprising spirits that it would be cheaper in the long run to have ample protection at once. The Anamosa Water-Works Company was accordingly incorporated February 20, 1875, by J. C. Dietz, C. H. Lull, N. S. Noble, B. F. Shaw, M Heisey, T. W Shapley, J. G. McGuire, T. R. Ercanbrack, E. B. Alderman, H. C. Metcalf, J. H. Williams, Geo. Watters, E. Blakeslee and John Watters.

The capital stock of the Company was fixed at $10,000, with the privilege of increasing to $20,000. April 26, 1875, was passed an ordinance by the City Council of Anamosa which was in substance a contract with the Water-Works Company granting to the latter the "exclusive privilege for twenty years, and an equal right with all others thereafter, of supplying the city of Anamosa with water to be taken from the Wapsipinicon River. The company was to put in three hydrants on Main street, at the corner of Garnavillo, Booth and Ford, and at any other points deemed advisable by the Company-there were to be five hydrants for the exclusive use of the city. In consideration thereof the city agreed, during the life of the franchise granted the Water-Works Company, to levy a tax of one-half of one per cent per annum upon all property located within 800 feet of the public hydrants of said company, and also to supply sufficient hose to throw water 800 feet. The contract also specifies that the minimum amount of water which shall be in the reservoir is 20,000 gallons. The paid-up capital stock of the Company is $6,500. The Company has an indebtedness of $8,500, of which $6,000 is in ten-year bonds, drawing 10 per cent interest, and due in 1885. The Company have preferred to incur this indebtedness rather than increase the capital stock, confident in their ability to pay off the indebtedness, and then have stock that is really valuable. The officers are: M. Heisey, President; E. Blakeslee, Vice President; J. C. Dietz, Secretary, and G. W. Russell, Treasurer. Directors-E. Blakeslee, H. C. Metcalf, E. C. Holt, M. Heisey, B. Huggins, J. C. Dietz and D. A. Peet.

The works are built upon the Holly system with reservoir. The pumping engine is a thirty-six horse-power engine, and has a pumping capacity of 720 gallons per minute. The engine room is located upon the Wapsipinicon. The reservoir is upon the hill between the main part of town and the river. It is built of brick, and has a capacity of 100,000 gallons. The engine is ordinarily in use about three times per week, and is not kept in motion more than three or four hours at a time. The reservoir being seventy-five feet above Main street, the pressure is sufficient in case of fire to throw a stream of water over the highest building. The most inflammable fuel is kept at the engine-house, and the engine can be put in operation in eighteen minutes after an alarm of fire occurs. The pressure is then increased, and may be carried to 210 pounds to the square inch.

The Company have laid one and three-fourth miles of street mains, and have seven fire-plugs or hydrants. In addition to those on Main street already mentioned, others are located on the corners of Ford and First streets, Garnavillo and Carroll, and at Doan's Mills. The Company supply water to the State Penitentiary, one of the railroads, and to some forty-five private consumers.

FIRE DEPARTMENT

Few cities of the size can boast of a more thoroughly equipped organization for protection against the ravages of fire than can the city of Anamosa.

The great conflagration on the 14th of February, 1875, convinced the citizens of the necessity of some provision to protect themselves against a repetition of such a sad catastrophe. Accordingly, on the 21st of July of that year the City Council passed on ordinance authorizing the formation of a fire department.

A meeting of citizens on the 3d of August, 1875, resulted in the organization of three fire companies under the provisions of the ordinance.

At present, the equipments of the different companies are furnished at the expense of the city, although it required some time to convince the Council of the wisdom of such a provision.

The present officers of the Fire Department are: J. H. Williams, Chief Engineer; E. M. Harvey, First Assistant; George L. Yount, Second Assistant.

Hose Company, No. 1—John G. Cudworth, Foreman; L. G. Clark and G. S. Peet, Assistants; S. I. Williams, Secretary; Charles Carter, Treasurer; number of members, twenty-two.

Hose Company, No. 2—John I. Van Ness, Foreman; W. J. Pavey, Assistant; E. M. Stickney, Secretary and Treasurer; number of members, twenty-two.

Hook and Ladder Company—L. C. Aldrich, Foreman; Frank Fisher, Assistant; B. Dott, Secretary and Treasurer; number of members, thirty-five.

Owing to the provisions for the use of hydrants of the Water-Works Company, an engine company is unnecessary. No fire has occurred since the organization of the Fire Department, within the reach of water, but that the same has been under control in a very short time. The entire business portion of the city is in comparative safety.

FIRES

With one exception, Anamosa has been fortunate in not being seriously affected as the result of the ravages of the fire fiend.

On Saturday morning, March 27, 1869, a fire broke out in the blacksmith and wagon shop of Cook & Ragan, and the building was entirely destroyed. The loss was about $1,200, partly insured.

On Friday night, April 26, 1872, the barn of Mrs. Isabella Hollenbeck, built at a cost of $4,000, was destroyed by fire. The barn was insured for $2,000. In the barn were three horses and a sewing machine wagon belonging to J. P. Craig. They were burned with the barn; no insurance.

On the 9th of June, 1872, fire did some damage to the residence of Mr. I. C. Lusk, injuring the building to the amount of about $100, and also damaging the library of Mr. L. considerably.

Again on the 13th of the same month, fire destroyed the blacksmith-shop and storeroom of D. C. Tice. A. S. Atkinson's shop adjoining was also destroyed. Some damage was done to another building of Mr. Tice and its contents. The following were the losses: D. C. Tice, loss $2,000, insured for $700; A. S. Atkinson, $3,000, insured for $1,500; Fred Simons, $150, no insurance; other parties, $200, no insurance.

Again, July 10, 1872, the barn of Samuel Brunskill was burned. There was an insurance of $200. The frame of this barn was built by G. H. Ford, in 1841, and was probably the first frame barn built in the county.

A number of small fires occurred between the above date and the 14th of February, 1875, when the "big fire of Anamosa" destroyed about $12,000 worth of property.

The 14th of February, 1875, was Sunday. In the morning, at half-past 1, wild cries of "Fire! fire!" broke upon the stillness of the night, the Congregational bell re-echoed the dreadful alarm, and in a few minutes hundreds of citizens were rushing in the direction of the lurid light of roaring and crackling flames bursting out of what was formerly known as the old "Court House building," occupied by A. N. Dennison, dealer in boots and shoes, and Emory Perfect, grocery dealer. There was only a slight breeze from the northwest, but the headway which the fire had attained and the combustible nature of the wooden buildings filling the space between the Union Block, corner of Main and Ford streets, on the west, and Frank Fisher's Block, at the foot of Booth street, on the east, rendered it almost impossible for the citizens to avail anything against the devouring flames. Not a dollar's worth of Dennison's stock of boots and shoes was saved. A few tools were snatched from the work-shop, by the way of the back door. Loss on the building, $1,000, insured for $500; loss on stock, $3,000, insured for $1,000. Mr. Dennison had added stock to the amount of $800, only the week before. A new safe, containing about $500 in greenbacks and Mr. Dennison's account-books, was badly damaged, but the money and books were found all right the next day. A fine line of samples belonging to W. E. Moss, of Balch & Co., boot and shoe dealers, Lyons, valued at $400, had been left in Mr. Dennison's store and was destroyed. W. L. Story also lost tools to the amount of $10.

Four barrels of kerosene oil and a lot of boxes were hurriedly removed from the back room of Emory Perfect's grocery, but nothing else was saved. Loss on stock, $1,400, insured for $1,000. The building was the property of Col. W. T. Shaw, was valued at $1,200 and was an entire loss.

The next building on the east belonged to C. L. Holcomb, and was occupied by A. E. Parady, boot and shoe maker. Mr. Parady lost nearly everything. Value of building, $500. Mr. Parady's loss was $300.

Mr. Holcomb was also the owner of the adjoining building, occupied by D. H. Kelly as a barber-shop. Loss on building, $300. Mr. Kelly's fixtures were nearly all saved, and his loss was but small.

Next came the post-office building, owned by B. L. Matson. Lew Kinert, the clerk, was sleeping in the office, and by reason of this fact the valuables were saved. Mr. Coe, the Postmaster, lost about $50. The building was valued at $600, and insured for $400. Messrs. G. W. Strode & Son, jewelers, in post-office building, lost $125, mostly in tools.

Still the flames swept onward, and A. H. Sherman's harness-shop went next. His stock and tools were saved with a loss of about $75. The building was owned by H. C. Metcalf, and valued at $800; no insurance.

J. Rhodes, the confectioner, was the next victim. He had recently repaired his building and placed therein a new stock of confectionery, canned goods, groceries, etc. The goods were removed, but not without damage. Mr. Rhodes' loss on building and contents reached $1,000. In the second story lived Mrs. Gause and daughter. A piano, in being carried down, fell and was badly damaged. Loss on piano and household effects estimated at $1,000. Mr. Rhodes' building was razed to the ground, in the hope of stopping the course of the scorching tongues of flame; but this seemed hopeless, and it was finally decided that the next building, belonging to Joseph Moore, must also come down, as it abutted against Frank Fisher's brick block, and there was danger anticipated from the heat and flames breaking and entering the glass front. But the fire had been raging two hours or more, and the masses of snow in the rear and in the adjacent gutter on Main street were rapidly melting and afforded considerable water. Water was dashed on by lines of men in front and rear, and finally the flames were under control. Mr. Moore's building was scorched some, and otherwise damaged to the amount of $400, before the onward march of the flames could be checked. In this building was the law office of King & Dietz, but their books, etc., were removed with but small damage. In the second story resided Mrs. S. Thomas and a little daughter, the former being confined to her room by sickness. They were safely transferred to other quarters, and their household goods saved with but little damage. Slingerland & Son, painters, occupied a room in this building, and suffered a small loss.

R. A. Markham, dealer in sewing machines, and Markham & Burgess, dealers in organs, etc., suffered a small loss by the fire. Mr. A. Heitchen also suffered a loss of about $75. The total loss by the conflagration was $12,000. Total insurance, $2,900. The origin of the fire was unknown.

The people had been discussing the propriety of organizing a Fire Department, and the fire gave an impetus to that subject which that resulted in the formation of three Fire Companies.

STONE QUARRIES NEAR ANAMOSA

The great economic value of these quarries deserves special mention. Those first opened to any considerable extent are upon the Buffalo, about two miles from Anamosa. They were first opened about twenty-five years ago, or in 1853, when stone was taken out to build what has been known ever since as Fisher's Mill, a grist-mill on the Buffalo, about a mile from the town. About that time, John Burheim, familiarly known as "Dutch John," bought a tract of land of 120 acres, and soon after commenced quarrying stone upon it, and this has been his chief employment ever since. During the time that has elapsed, he has taken out thousands of wagon loads of stone, furnishing the railroads, building purposes in Anamosa and surrounding country. He has also furnished large quantities of lime from this quarry. Eighty acres of this tract have recently been purchased by the State, and the Chicago and North-Western Railway Company have just completed an extension of their road to these quarries; and the State is now at work, with convicts, taking out stone for the Penitentiary. In the month of September and fourteen days in October (1879), Mr. A. E. Martin, the Warden, informs the writer, there were taken out sixty-seven car-loads, at a valuation of $2,023.40, more than twice paying for the eighty acres purchased by the State, in forty-four days. The stone for the completion of the Penitentiary will be largely taken from these quarries.

J. A. Green, Dr. Clark Joslin and others own land in this locality, that is under laid by stone presumably as good as any; and, now that railroad facilities are furnished, will most likely be developed at no distant day.

On the Wapsipinicon River, about two miles west from Anamosa, on the old Dubuque & Southwestern Railroad, is a quarry that was operated some years ago by Krause, Shaw, Weaver & Co. They took out a large amount of stone and shipped to different parts of the State. They also manufactured a considerable quantity of lime; but stone found elsewhere proved to make a better article, and it was discontinued. This quarry is the first one bought by the State, and the State commenced taking out stone in 1872. From Mr. A. E. Martin, we obtained the following figures. The number of car loads of stone taken out from 1872 to 1879, is as follows: 1872, 218 car loads; 1873, 226 car loads; 1874, 337 car loads; 1875, 221 car loads; 1876, 304 car loads; 1877, 130 car loads; 1878, 384 car loads; 1879 to May, 224 car loads; total, 2,044 car loads; average value per car load, $16.28, making a total value of $33,376.32; total from both quarries, 2,111 car loads, with an aggregate value of $35,297.72. Besides this, the State has sold quite a large quantity of stone, but we were unable to secure the exact figures. The stone of this quarry is not exhausted by any means; but it requires so much more stripping that, for the present, other places furnish stone with less expense in this respect. With the above figures, it will be seen that the State has some substantial advantages in having the Penitentiary located so near this building material.

As we pass along the Wapsipinicon, about one-fourth of a mile, we come to the first quarry opened to any extent in this locality. It was opened by Henry Dearborn, he having taken out stone here to build himself a dwelling in Anamosa, also furnishing others for a like purpose. The quarry subsequently passed into the hands of Haines & Lewis, who owned and operated it for many years, making improvements in the way of building, etc., out of the stone taken from the quarries. They opened at two or more localities, and took out vast quantities of stone that went to different parts of the State. The quarries are now owned and operated by Martin Heisey.

About a half-mile from these quarries, near the railroad bridge across the Wapsipinicon, are the quarries owned by H. Dearborn, know as the "Stone City Quarry," opened in 1869. Mr. Dearborn owns 120 acres, a large portion being quarry land. He has shipped 500 car loads in the past year, and an average of 250 car loads for the years previous. He has furnished stone for the State Blind Asylum at Vinton; Insane Asylum, at Independence; Government Works, at Rock Island, and many buildings in Cedar Rapids and other places in the State. Mr. Dearborn has erected for himself a fine residence at this place, and is the Postmaster of "Stone City" Post Office.

We now cross the railroad bridge over the Wapsipinicon, and a short walk brings us to the famous "Champion Quarries," owned and operated by J. A. Green, consisting of over thirty acres, more than two-thirds of it quarry. Mr. Green opened this quarry in 1868, and can furnish stone in any desired form or shape, either rough, or dressed and polished. In 1876, he put in a machine, run by an engine, called a rubber, for the purpose of polishing stone. The height of this quarry, from where he commenced to the top of where he is now at work, is some eighty or ninety feet. For the years 1878 and 1879, he has shipped 2,000 car loads per year; the other nine years, the average production has been 800 car loads. Mr. Green has furnished large quantities of stone for the Government Works at Rock Island; Insane Asylum, Independence; Deaf and Dumb Asylum, at Council Bluffs; Anamosa Penitentiary, railroad companies, etc. In fact, he has furnished stone at points from Chicago to Dakota, from Minnesota to Nebraska, and some to Wisconsin.

Mr. Webb has a quarry a little further west, that has been worked for many years and has furnished some very excellent stone.

The quarries mentioned are the principal ones worked. Many more may be developed in the near future, and the supply is considered by good judges absolutely inexhaustible.

THE PIONEER TOBACCO RAISERS OF IOWA

Mr. N. S. Noble, of Anamosa, may properly be styled the pioneer tobacco raiser of the State of Iowa. He is said to be the first to engage in the cultivation of the tobacco-plant to any considerable extent, and the first who has made a success in the business. Mr. Noble was born and raised in Massachusetts, and early taught how to cultivate the tobacco-plant. From there he emigrated to Jones County in 1855. In 1857 he was elected and served as Sheriff of the county one term. Soon after arriving in the county, he purchased some ground and began to raise tobacco. From that time to this, he has been engaged in the business. One of the greatest hindrances to a success in the business has been to overcome the prejudice against Western tobacco in the markets of the East. By a careful attention to securing quality and not quantity, Mr. Noble has succeeded in making his tobacco sell in their markets at the same prices as the products of the tobacco raisers of the East. In 1875 Mr. Noble associated with himself his nephew, Mr. George Noble, who was likewise educated to the business, and the two have continued the business together since that time.

They have under cultivation twenty-nine acres of land, one-half only being in use at a time. After two, or at most three crops, the half in use is set aside and seeded to clover and timothy, and the other half brought into requisition for tobacco raising. The crop of grass, the last year before using for tobacco is plowed under, and thus the land is kept in a good state of cultivation. This is without doubt the cause of the success of Messrs. Noble. They do not exhaust the resources of their land and then expect to get good crops without restoring the fertility of the soil.

Their house for curing tobacco is a frame building 204x36 feet, with 14-foot posts, erected with special reference to good ventilation. The amount of the crop raised each year is about twelve tons.

They have devoted some attention to manufacturing here-at one time the whole crop, and more or less each year-but the major part is usually kept over one year and then sold in the Eastern markets.

Through the influence of the success of Messrs. Noble, others have been induced to cultivate the tobacco-plant, and its cultivation promises to make tobacco an important product of Jones County.

LIQUOR CONFISCATION

As is well known, under the statutes of the State of Iowa, no license is granted to sell, as a beverage, any spirituous or fermented liquors, except native wines and lager beer. For a time, it was surmised by many that the statutes were being violated in this particular at Anamosa, as they knew they were in other parts of the State.

On Wednesday, March 1, 1871, at the above place, Sheriff Crane and Deputies P. O. Babcock and S. D. Parks, with several assistants, made a concerted descent upon five saloons, for the purpose of searching for whisky, brandy and other liquors condemned as beverages by the statute. The "raid" was successfully planned and as successfully carried out.

At each saloon, more or less "contraband beverages" were found and duly confiscated. The result was salutary, and the effect of its influence felt for a long time.

MARRIAGE INCIDENT

The second marriage at Anamosa was that of a couple who ran away to get married. The young lady was the daughter of Clement Russell, who lived at Fairview. The young man was a tailor who happened to be living at Russell's for a short time, and the young couple met, fell in love and resolved to be married. One Sunday morning they came on foot to Anamosa (then only one house, belonging to G. H. Ford; the house, the one built by E. Booth, who sold it to Ford), and the Justice, Lathrop Olmsted, was there, and out in the road, ten rods or more from the house, Lathrop married them. The parents of the young lady were incensed, and the newly married pair took their departure for Illinois.

EDMUND BOOTH

To write the history of Anamosa and omit the name Edmund Booth, would be to do injustice to a man of rare intelligence, extended information, broad and liberal culture, with clear and concise opinions on all important questions, and one whose long public life of industry and usefulness has extended over the entire period from the time of the early settlement of the county to the present moment, and one whose voice, directly or indirectly, has been heard on almost every question affecting the administration of the public affairs of the county, and one whose unflinching integrity has secured for him the full and complete confidence of all who know him, and which has made him an oracle one very disputed point in the early history of the county. In fine, to write the history of Jones County, particularly that portion pertaining to Fairview Township, with the name Edmund Booth omitted, would be as unsatisfactory as "the play of Hamlet with the Prince of Denmark left out."

A short biographical history is pre-eminently appropriate.

Edmund Booth was born at Springfield, Mass., on the 24th day of August, 1810. At the age of four years, he suffered an attack of that terrible disease, spotted fever, and, although his friends despaired of his recovery for a long time, the strong constitution inherited from his ancestors, who were of English and Scotch extraction, enabled him to survive the fever, but not without the loss of hearing and left eye. For a time, he was almost wholly deaf, and at the age of eight, his hearing was totally gone, and he has been entirely deaf from that time. It is owing to this fact that the life of Mr. Booth is so remarkable. Despite the loss of hearing, he continued to be able to speak for a time, quite well, and still is able to articulate so well as to be understood by those accustomed to hear him. It is with the pen, however, that he mostly makes known his opinions and purposes. His boyhood was spent on the farm at home. At the age of seventeen, he entered the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at Hartford, Conn., and graduated there four years later, and was appointed a tutor in the Institution. Remained in the capacity of teacher seven years. In 1839, he resigned, and moved to this State. Next year, in partnership with Col. David Wood, a brother-in-law who had then just arrived, built the first house at Dartmouth, and the first frame house in the county. In the winter following, Col. Wood died. The lands on all sides being included in the Mill Company's claim, Mr. Booth moved to the prairie near Russell's, and secured forty acres for a farm.

In 1841, he was elected by popular vote County Recorder, receiving all the votes in three out of four precincts, those of the Fourth, Farm Creek, being given to John E. Lovejoy. Was elected a second time two years later, and a third time, two years after that. In the middle of the third term, he retired, the Legislature having so changed the law as to unite the offices of Recorder and Treasurer in one person. Was nominated to the dual office, but declined. In the spring of 1849, went with the great overland emigration to California, his family remained behind. Succeeded in California, and returned early in 1854. Opened another farm in Cass Township, but resided in Anamosa. In 1856, the Eureka was established, as described elsewhere, and he has since been on that paper, at first as editor, and afterward proprietor. Mr. Booth came West with little save a trunk full of books and one of clothing, his prosperity being the result of industry and good management. Previous to the establishment of a post office (Pamaho, a mile west of Russell's), he was in the practice of going on foot to Edinburg, and afterward to Rome for mail. Always returned with hands and pockets full of papers, and was always a subscriber of leading Eastern journals until the establishment of the Eureka.

The part taken by Mr. Booth in conjunction with the Eureka is related elsewhere. The leading editorials having mostly been from his pen, and he has ever spoken with no uncertain sound. At the outbreak of the late civil war, Mr. Booth placed himself squarely and unequivocally on the side of loyalty to the General Government, and bravely battled for the preservation of the Union, doing as effective service as any one on the battle-field.

His leaders compare, many of them, favorably with those of the leading metropolitan papers of the country.

Mr. Booth, now sixty-nine years old, is hale and hearty, and is as bravely battling in the warfare of life as at any time heretofore. His industry, skill and unfaltering perseverance, make him a glorious example of a true and genuine specimen of a Western man.

MONTICELLO TOWNSHIP

The township, named after the home of Jefferson, is one of the northern tier of townships of the county, east of Castle Grove, the northwest township. The South Fork of the Maquoketa River enters the township near the northwest corner, runs diagonally across, and leaves the township some two miles north of the southeast corner. The Kitty Creek, a stream of considerable importance, enters the township from the south and unites with the Maquoketa near the city of Monticello. By means of these two steams and others flowing into them, the township is well watered, and water-power, for mill purposes, furnished the inhabitants.

Along the Maquoketa there is a generous supply of good timber, about one-fourth of the area of the township being timber-land. There are also a number of flourishing artificial groves in different parts of the township. The balance of the surface is mostly of the very best prairie land, and well settled and improved by intelligent and industrious farmers. The farmhouses are good, and the township makes a fine display of large and commodious barns. At sundry places is found an abundance of stone, and a number of quarries opened, which supply the wants of the people for ordinary uses, though the quality of the stone is much inferior to that furnished by the quarries near Anamosa. Dimension stone is usually obtained at the latter quarries. The farmers have supplied themselves with the modern improvements in husbandry, and a number of cheese-factories and creameries are in a flourishing condition in different parts of the township.

The following were among the early settlers outside the city of Monticello, the metropolis of the township: David Ralston, John Stevenson, F. M. Hicks, Z. Farwell, Robert A. Rynerson, A. H. Marvin, W. H. Walworth, John Clark, Chauncey Mead, George George, William Clark, Curtis Stone, John White, Asa C. Bowen and others.

EARLY HISTORY

The following in reference to the early history of Monticello is largely compiled from the writings of John Blanchard, editor of the Monticello Express, and from the "History of the City," written by M. M. Moulton, Mayor of Monticello for the year 1869, published the same year by G. W. Hunt, editor of the Express at that time.

The fall of the year 1836, forty-three years ago, Daniel Varvel and William Clark made the first settlement upon the present site of Monticello. Young and hopeful, they had pushed far away from the settlements to the outer verge of civilization, to make their fortunes and found for themselves new homes.

The scene spread out before the sturdy pioneers was one of surpassing loveliness. It was that of a fertile wilderness, instinct with beauty and pregnant with promise. The wide prairies "stretching in airy undulations far away," their sunny ridges and fertile slopes glowing beneath the brilliancy of the autumn sky, the beautiful Maquoketa and the smaller, but not less beautiful Kitty Creek, gliding beneath the overshadowing bluffs, and bordered with forests, upon the foliage of which the early frosts had spilled their golden stain. It was as the Garden of Eden lapsed into primeval wilderness and solitude, with no man to till the soil. Those were among the times of frontier life that characterized the settlement of this vast region between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. Those times that tried men's souls are, for the most part, passed away. The trail of the Indian no longer marks the native prairie, and the smoke of the wigwam is no more seen along our bluffs. No more will the twang of the bow-string or the crack of the rifle startle the solitude of the wilderness; for a new race and a greater civilization have come in. We question if it entered into the anticipations of the pioneers, Varvel and Clark, that before they passed the prime of life, they would see spring up in that primitive wilderness a flourishing little city, with busy streets, imposing business blocks, elegant private residences, railroads, telegraph, mills, and all the elements and evidences of an enterprising and growing community.

By the time the winter had set in, Varvel and Clark were comfortably lodged for the season in a log cabin, prepared to bid defiance to tempest and frost, to savage and wild beasts. The entire winter was spent in lonely and monotonous seclusion; but as both were experienced and ardent hunters, and game plentiful, it is to be presumed that their situation was not without its compensation. We venture to say they were not likely to forget their first winter's experience in what is now the rich and flourishing county of Jones, then an inhospitable and wild region.

Mr. Varvel was a native of the State of Kentucky, and Mr. Clark of Ohio. Both men worked for some time in the lead mines in the vicinity of Dubuque before locating here. Early in the following spring, 1837, Richard South settled here, his wife, who accompanied him, being the first woman who came to soften the rude hardships of frontier life with domestic comfort and home-feeling that only woman's gentle presence can bestow.

During the summer following, T. J. Peak, B. Beardsley, James McLaughlin and Thomas Galligan moved hitherward, settling in this vicinity. The first breaking was done this year, Mr. Varvel being the first man to upturn the virgin soil of the rich prairie land in this section.

During the summer of 1838, T. J. Peak was married to Miss Rebecca M. Beardsley, this being the first marriage solemnized in the young colony, and the first in the county. In that early day, circumstances and conditions were far from favorable to those who would a-marrying go. Obstacles were to be overcome, such as the devotees at the shrine of Hymen, in these later times of easy marriages-and equally easy divorces—little dream of. In this case, the ardent bridegroom was compelled to journey to Sugar Creek, in Cedar County, a distance of sixty-five miles, to procure a license. Mr. Peak is an honored citizen of Monticello still, and both he and his excellent wife now rejoice in the results of their early labors.

On the 7th of December, 1838, a preliminary meeting was held at the house of Barrett Whittemore, of Bowen's Prairie, to consider the best method of securing a regular county organization. The object of the meeting was not, however, accomplished until the 24th of January, 1839.

In the same year, 1839, occurred a noteworthy episode in the history of the settlement, or, as Artemus Ward would have said, "two episodes." We refer to the birth of twins in the family of Mr. Richard South, already mentioned. The children were of opposite sexes, healthy and promising, and their advent was considered, under all circumstances, a happy omen, auguring a rapid growth and gratifying prosperity for the little colony. In this year, also, the first contract for carrying the mail between Dubuque and Iowa City, via Monticello, was secured by Hon. Ansel Briggs, who afterward became the first Governor of Iowa upon its admission to the sisterhood of States. By this route, settlers occasionally received intelligence from the outside world, but the place had not yet attained the distinction of a post office, and the mail was distributed directly from the pocket of the carrier.

In the year 1840, Daniel Varvel was married to Margaret E. Beardsley. This was after the organization of the county. Near the same time, Edmund Booth was married to Miss Mary A. Walworth. There were but three marriages in the county during the year, the third being that of a Mr. Dawson.

The first post office was established here in 1841, and William Clark was appointed Postmaster. Monticello was particularly favored in the matter of mail facilities, considering its tender age, there being a weekly mail from Dubuque to Iowa City, the latter at the time the capital of the Territory of Iowa. The seat of government was located there in 1839, by the commissioners appointed by the Territorial Legislature to make the selection. It was in 1841, that Mr. James Skelly moved into the settlement. During the year 1839, the famous highway known as the "military road," was surveyed, built and bridged, and put into excellent condition, entirely at the expense of the national Government. (The completion of the work took one or two years.) During the year 1844, Frink & Walker, the great stage firm, put on a four-horse daily coach between Dubuque and Iowa City. In the year 1849, the first doctor, W. B. Selder, of Indiana, came and settled in Monticello. The first schoolhouse was erected in the year 1849, the lumber being hauled from Dubuque, and the house built by five of the leading citizens, to wit: Daniel Varvel, John Stevenson, Joseph Clark, Dr. W. B. Selder and George Gassett. Of these, Stevenson and Gassett are dead, Dr. Selder lives at Webster City, and Daniel Varvel lives in Woodbury County, Iowa. The first blacksmith-shop was started in 1852, by a Mr. Dunlap. From that date to 1854, the settlement grew apace. Men of intelligent foresight and enterprise were added to the rapidly increasing population. The county, which, in the year 1838, had but 241 inhabitants, in 1854 numbered 6,075. In the year 1853, Monticello may be said to have begun its existence as a separate and distant community, though previous to this time, it had become a village of some note and considerable promise. The credit of organizing, i. e., first platting the village into town lots, laying off streets, etc., belongs to G. H. Walworth and Daniel Varvel.

The village at the time of which we write, was located along the military road, considerably east of the site at present occupied by the business portion. D. S. Dewey moved to Monticello from Waukegan, Ill., this year, and commenced the erection of a dam and saw-mill, adjoining the site now occupied by the East Monticello Grist-Mills. This year, also A. Holston built the Monticello House, and John W. Moore opened a small store. The original plat contained sixty-three lots, Mr. James Finton, now deceased, becoming the purchaser of Lot No. 1. The price of lots at the time was but a small portion of what is now asked and received. During the year 1855, T. C. West erected a building for the sale of dry goods, groceries, and such general merchandise as is required in a country store. In the summer of the same year, John Tabor was made the first Justice of the Peace, he receiving his commission from the County Judge. In this year, also, Dewey's saw-mill was burned. In 1856, D. C. Quimby was appointed the first Notary Public. In 1857, the first wagon-shop was started by Frank Reiger. Changes were going on continually and the town was rapidly growing in importance and repute. The year 1858 was one of the most memorable in the history of the embryo city. It was during this year that the question of building the Dubuque & South Western Railroad was first brought before the enterprising, wide-awake, and far-seeing business men, to whose industry and intelligent forethought Monticello owes much of its present prosperity and importance. The most liberal and substantial support was accorded the important project, and through the energy and spirit of the people along the route through the county, it was pushed actively forward, so that the work was actually begun in the same year in which the enterprise was first suggested to the people. As will be readily supposed, the inauguration of such an enterprise, and the sure prospect of the speedy opening of a public thoroughfare of such inestimable value and importance gave a wonderful impetus to the town. Immediately, a new addition to the town was surveyed and platted, called the Railroad Addition. Lots were taken with astonishing rapidity and at figures largely in advance of former prices. New buildings were erected in all directions; a lumber-yard was started by J. L. Davenport; work was begun upon East Monticello Flouring-Mills, by Mr. Dewey, already mentioned; the township was organized into a school district, under the school law of the State; Monticello Lodge, No. 117, I.O.O.F., was instituted; activity was the order, "go-ahead" the watchword, pride in the town and perfect faith in its future, the prevailing sentiment of the day.

The year 1859 was signalized by the completion of the railroad to this point. Trains, however, did not commence to run regularly across the bridge until the next year, the first freight being delivered in the month of January, 1860, in the shape of several car loads of lumber. This event was rendered additionally noteworthy by the arrival of a class of emigrants whose introduction could very easily have been dispensed with. We refer to the rats which were brought from Dubuque in those freight cars, the first of that long-tailed, troublesome species of the genus "varmint" ever seen in Monticello. The main part of the old school building was erected that year. Fred Grassmeyer started the first tin-shop in the basement of a dwelling-house on Main street, Peak & Hogg opened a dry-goods store west of the railroad and near the depot. The first grain warehouse was erected this year by E. B. Kinsella & Bro. C. E. Wales also came on and opened a dry-goods store in company with William Merriam. In August of this year, the first attorney, A. J. Monroe, Esq., settled in Monticello. He is now City Attorney.

The prosperity of the town was now assured—changes were frequent and the population rapidly increasing. In 1864, Bradstreet's Addition was laid out and platted, July 7, with fifty-nine lots; Turck's Addition, platted October 6, with forty-six lots. During this year, M. M. Moulton built the first exclusively brick building, 503 First street. In 1866, Varvel's Addition was platted, with twenty-eight lots, making in all 275 lots in the city.

On the 17th of September, 1867, Monticello was incorporated as a city, under the general incorporation laws of the State.

OFFICIAL ROSTER

1867—Mayor, S. Y. Bradstreet; Recorder, F. J. Tryon; Treasurer, C. E. Wales; Marshal, E. L. Gregg. Councilmen—S. R. Howard, N. P. Starks, P. O Babcock, J. L. Davenport, C. E. Wales.

1868—Mayor, S. Y. Bradstreet; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, S. R. Howard; Marshal, H. G. Buel; Street Commissioner, L. H. Warriner; City Attorney, M. W. Herrick. Councilmen—P. O. Babcock, M. R. Gurney, S. G. Frost, S. R. Howard, Fred Grassmeyer.

1869—Mayor, M. M. Moulton; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, I. L. Simington; Marshal, D. F. Magee; Street Commissioner, Simon Chamberlin; City Attorney, A. J. Monroe. Councilmen—S. R. Howard, John O. Duer, G. W. Condon, A. W. Hibbard, H. H. Starks.

1870—Mayor, M. M. Moulton; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, I. L. Simington; Marshal, D. F. Magee; Street Commissioner, S. Chamberlin; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; City Attorney, A. J. Monroe. Councilmen—John O. Duer, A. W. Hibbard, L. Palmer, G. W. Condon, S. R. Howard.

1871—Mayor, George W. Lovell; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, M. L. Carpenter; Marshal, S. Jewett; Street Commissioner, L.H. Warriner; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; City Attorneys, Monroe & Moulton. Councilmen—S. R. Howard, L. Palmer, John Gibson, S. Y. Bradstreet, W. H. Proctor.

1872—Mayor, G. W. Lovell; Recorder, M. W. Herrick; Treasurer, John O. Duer; Marshall, D. F. Magee; Street Commissioner, S. Chamberlin; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; Weighmaster, John Feehan; City Attorneys, Monroe & Moulton. Councilmen—H. D. Sherman, Otis Whittenmore, F. J. Tryon, W. H. Proctor, John A. Chandler.

1873—Mayor, C. E. Wales; Recorder, H. M. Wright; Treasurer, John O Duer; Marshal, P. J. Wright; Street Commissioner, J. S. Fuller; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; City Attorney, A. J. Monroe; Weighmaster, W. Hogg. Councilmen—W. H. Proctor, William Schodde, Matt Noyes, B. Stuart, Cyrus Langworthy.

1874—Mayor, C. E. Wales; Recorder, R. P. Smith; Treasurer, C. Langworthy; Marshal, William Joslin; Street Commissioner, J. S. Fuller; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; City Attorney, A. J. Monroe; Weighmaster, S. Calkins. Councilmen—S. R. Howard, T. J. Peak, John McConnon, Volney Hickok, George Stuhler.

1875—Mayor, G. W. Trumbull; Recorder, George H. Jacobs; Treasurer, C. Langworthy; Marshal, P. J. Wright; Street Commissioner, S. Calkins; Assessor, G. S. Eastman; City Attorneys, Monroe & Herrick; Weighmaster, J. G. Wood. Councilmen—B. F. Groesbeck, G. W. Garlock, John McConnon, T. J. Peak, F. J. Tryon.

1876—Mayor, H. D. Sherman; Recorder, F. B. Bonniwell; Treasurer, Theodore Soetje; Marshal, M. M. Moulton; Street Commissioner, Norman Starks; Assessor, N. W. Austin; City Attorney, W. M. Herrick; Weighmaster, J. G. Wood. Councilmen—A. R. Doxsee, T. A. King, John McConnon, S. R. Howard, H. L. Servoos.

1877—Mayor, F. J. Tryon; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, Theodore Soetje; Marshal, M. M. Moulton; Assessor, N. W. Austin; Weighmaster, J. G. Wood; Street Commissioner, W. King; City Attorney, M. W. Herrick. Councilmen—John McConnon, H. L. Servoos, T. A. King, W. A. Holston, C. A. Whiting.

1878—Mayor, G. W. Garlock; Recorder, C. W. Gurney; Treasurer, L. Palmer; Marshal, M. M. Moulton; Assessor, N. W. Austin; Weighmaster, J. G. Wood; Street Commissioner, W. King; City Attorney, M. W. Herrick. Councilmen—B. D. Paine, S. Kahn, H. H. Starks, S. Y. Bradstreet, Isaac Rigby.

1879—Mayor, B. D. Paine; Recorder, J. R. Stillman; Treasurer, G. L. Lovell; Marshal, M. M. Moulton; Street Commissioner, Ed. West; Assessor, F. Burnight; Weighmaster, J. G. Wood; City Attorney, J. Q. Wing. Councilmen—S. E. Sarles, John McConnon, Fred Grassmeyer, W. A. Holston, F. J. Tryon, N. W. Austin.

MONTICELLO IN 1879

The flourishing little city of Monticello is situated near the geographical center of the township of the same name, at the junction of Kitty Creek and the South Fork of the Maquoketa River, and also at the junction of the Dubuque & Southwestern and Davenport & Northern Railways. (The above roads have recently been purchased and are now operated by the C., M. & St. P. Company.)

A portion of the city is situated on the east side of the Maquoketa, and called East Monticello. The Monticello Flouring-Mills, together with a small number of dwellings, constitute the principal part of the city east of the river. The site of the town on the west side is a remarkably delightful and pleasant one. The surface is comparatively smooth and unbroken, just enough of undulation to relieve the monotony of an entirely level surface. Fine farming country stretches out in every direction from the town, and, with the water-power furnished by the above streams, the advantages of the city are such as to warrant a belief that its growth will continue for some time to come. The "Diamond Creamery" of H. D. Sherman & Co., situated here, supplies a long-felt want to the dairy interest of the farmers in this vicinity, and demonstrates by its growing importance that the people of an agricultural district cannot afford to neglect this class of manufactories. Other manufacturing interests are attracting attention, and some are already in operation. The city is supplied with most excellent water from an artesian well, 1,192 feet deep, and hydrants are found at all principal points. The water is pumped from the well by a steam-engine, and carried to a reservoir nearly one hundred feet above the railroad on the hill west of the town, and thence is conducted to all parts of the city. With a well-organized fire company and an inexhaustible supply of water, the danger from the ravages of fire can be but slight.

The display of elegant private residences, handsomely located, the numerous commodious but less pretentious dwellings, the fine display of business houses and the magnificent public-school building, with a number of neat and tasty church edifices, give to the city a very attractive appearance. The principal streets are well macadamized with stone from the adjacent quarries; the walks on the main thoroughfares are broad and commodious, and the city wears an air of permanence and prosperity. At present writing there are 3 newspapers (one German), 1 graded school, 5 church edifices, 1 circulating library, 2 banks, 2 railroad offices, 7 dry-goods stores, 11 exclusively grocery stores, 4 drug and book stores, 3 hardware stores, 2 clothing stores, 2 merchant tailors, 4 restaurants and confectioneries, 4 flour and feed stores, 3 furniture stores, 3 undertakers, 3 millinery stores, 4 dress-making establishments, 1 business college, 1 tile manufactory, 1 brickyard, 1 glove and mitten factory, 1 foundry, 2 machine-shops, 1 barb-wire factory, 1 broom and turkey-duster factory, 1 flouring-mill, 3 wagon and carriage factories, 2 agricultural implement stores, 2 lumber-yards, 2 art galleries, 2 news depots, 2 dealers in organs and sewing machines, 3 jewelry stores, 2 harness-shops, 2 livery stables, 1 feed barn, 6 blacksmith-shops, 4 boot and shoe stores, 5 shoe-shops, 3 insurance offices, 3 meat markets, 2 barber-shops, 4 hotels, 1 creamery, 2 cooper-shops, 1 ice dealer, 9 physicians, 5 dentists, 6 lawyers, 2 auctioneers, 2 elevators, 3 grain warehouses, 2 coalyards, 7 contractors and builders, 6 live-stock and grain dealers, 3 tin-shops, 2 gunsmiths, 1 marble yard, 7 secret societies, 1 military company, 1 fire company, 1 cemetery association, and 11 saloons.

The inhabitants are principally American, and number about two thousand. The census of 1875 gives the population as less than one thousand, so that the population has either very rapidly increased or the census of that year was carelessly taken. The writer has been assured by several persons that the census of that year was universally deemed inaccurate.

The citizens of Monticello are a live, wide-awake, enterprising appearing people, and the town is decidedly Western in its characteristics.

EDUCATIONAL

No people have more deserved to secure the full benefits of the magnificent public-school system vouchsafed to the inhabitants of the growing State of Iowa, than have the enterprising citizens of the little city of Monticello. The present school-building, with all its modern appointments, commands the attention and admiration of all who visit the town, and speaks volumes in testimony to the enterprise and intelligence of the people of Monticello and vicinity. The circulating library, the property of the Ladies' Library Association, is but another proof of the literary taste and appreciation of the refining and culturing influences to be secured by reading and standard publications of the present and past centuries. The liberality of the citizens in thus putting into the hands of the young the means of securing a liberal education, is pre-eminently praiseworthy, and for which unborn generations will rise up and bless the generosity of the founders of these enterprises.

The first schoolhouse was provided in 1849, thirty years ago. An old house standing outside of the present limits of the corporation was purchased and moved into the village, and, with lumber hauled from Dubuque, modified and changed into a schoolhouse. The building, though small, was sufficiently commodious to answer the wants of the growing generations until the year 1858, when the township was organized into a township school district, under the new law, and another building was erected, in 1859, on the site of the present one, 36 feet long by 24 feet wide, and two stories high.

It was thought by some at the time to be wildly extravagant on the part of the School Board to expend means so recklessly as in the erection of a building of such enormous proportions, and some there were who could see no use to which the second story might be put.

Not many years elapsed until it was found that, with all the extravagant expenditure, the building must be enlarged, to meet the growing wants of the district. Additions were made from time to time, and the building made sufficiently commodious to meet the demands of the school-going population, until two years ago, when it was deemed necessary and advisable to erect a building of sufficient capacity to meet the wants of the growing city for some time to come, and at the same time, to make it a standing testimony of the architectural taste and enterprise of the citizens.

The building erected is a magnificent structure, three stores high, and stands on First street, with a frontage of seventy-eight feet. It also faces a north-and-south street on the west, frontage sixty-eight feet. The school fronts on Grand street. The lower story constitutes what is called the Opera House, and is finished in an elegant manner. The auditorium is arranged in the form of an amphitheater, the long circles of chairs, rising one above another, afford the best facilities for seeing and hearing. The ceiling and walls are richly frescoed, and a twenty-four-light chandelier in the center, with abundant side-lamps, illuminates the hall with a pleasing brilliancy. Four doors open on the two streets, and the amphitheater, which is capable of seating 600 people, can be easily emptied in three or four minutes at most.

The second and third stories are for school purposes, containing eight rooms, averaging about thirty-one feet square, and sufficient to accommodate 550 pupils. The rooms are furnished with Andrews' improved single seats. The cost of the building, entire, was about $17,000; furniture, $3,000. The bonds of the district to the amount of $12,000, running ten years, at 10 per cent, were sold at a premium of 3 to 4 per cent.

The building is surmounted by a dome in which has been placed a town clock, costing $625 complete. The entire structure wears an appearance of solidity and harmonious elegance that does great credit to the architect and the Board of School Directors. It is an enduring monument to the intelligence, cultivated taste and liberality of the city and school district of Monticello.

The following persons constituted the Board of Directors at the time of the organization into a School District, in 1858: Sumner Hopkins, President; Lucian Rice, Vice President; W. H. Walworth, Secretary; S. J. Tucker, Director Subdistrict No. 1; Michael Hofacre, Director Subdistrict No. 2; A. H. Marvin, Director Subdistrict No. 3; J. C. Lawrence, Director Subdistrict No. 4; Chauncey Mead, Treasurer.

By a vote of the people, the city of Monticello was made an independent school district, in the 1877.

The following persons constitute the Board of Directors for the year 1879: Col. John O. Duer, President pro tem; R. P. Smith, Secretary; Capt. M. L. Carpenter, Treasurer; H. D. Sherman, C. E. Wales, John McConnon, H. M. Wright, M. M. Moulton, Directors.

    The following are the corps of teachers for 1879:

    Prof. Luther Foster, Principal, at a salary of $100 per month.

    Miss Kate Curtis, Assistant Principal, at a salary of $40 per month.

    Miss M. A. Wright, First Grammar Department, at a salary of $40 per month.

    Miss Alfa Campbell, Second Grammar Department, at a salary of $35 per month.

    Miss Alice Gurney, Third Grammar Department, at a salary of $30 per month.

    Miss Pink Duer, Fourth Primary Department, at a salary of $30 per month.

    Miss Franc Moulton, Third Primary Department, at a salary of $30 per month.

    Miss Mollie Grassmeyer, Second Primary Department, at a salary of $30 per month.

    Miss M. Herrick, First Primary Department, at a salary of $30 per month.

    Fletcher Burnight is janitor at a salary of $25 per month. The school year consists of nine months.

THE PRESS

In 1865, the citizens of Monticello having confidence in the permanence and prosperity of the town, and in view of their appreciation of the influences of the press as an educator and leader of public opinion, began to agitate the prosperity of establishing a local newspaper. The matter met with so much approval that material was procured and an office established. On the 10th of July of that year, the first number of the Monticello Express was published, Mr. O. D. Crane, editor and proprietor. On the 15th of February of the same year, the office passed under the management of Mr. James Davidson, who continued the publication of the Express until the 8th of August, 1867, when Scott & Howard became proprietors. Soon after, Howard disposed of his share to Scott, who in turn sold to N. G. Sales, but Scott continued as editor until the 4th of April, 1868, when Sales sold to G. W. Hunt, who continued as editor and proprietor about four years. On the 4th of March, 1872, Hunt sold the office to the Monticello Press Association, W. H. Walworth, Treasurer, and John Blanchard, editor and manager, and, after a brief period, Mr. Blanchard became editor and proprietor, and continues such at present writing. The Express is an eight-column folio, and is published weekly on Thursday. From the first it has been a pronounced Republican paper, and notwithstanding the frequent changes in proprietorship, the circulation has steadily increased.

At the time that Mr. Blanchard took charge of the office, they were issuing about twenty quires, and now the issue is more than double that number. Under the present management, the paper is ably edited, and is remarkably aggressive and outspoken in its policy. Mr. Blanchard is a ready and vigorous writer, and the power and influence of the Express is growing more and more extended every year.

Monticello Liberal—The first number of the Monticello Liberal was published at Monticello on the 19th of September, A. D., 1872, by the Monticello Printing Company, with G. W. Hunt, editor and manager. The paper was published under the auspices of the Printing Company for about two years, when Mr. Hunt became the editor and proprietor, and has continued such from that time forward. The Liberal is an eight-column folio, and is published weekly, on Thursday. The mechanical work is well and neatly done, and the editorial department well conducted. The Liberal supported the Independent party during the Greeley campaign, and since that time the political complexion of the paper has been Democratic. The office is well supplied with material in its jobbing department, and receives a good share of patronage.

On the 19th of November, 1873, at the instance of the people at the other end of the county, Mr. Hunt began the publication of the Wyoming News, and continued its publication for about a year, and then disposed of the enterprise to P. D. Swigart, who changed the name to Wyoming Journal. The News was neutral in politics.

The publication of Die Freie Presse, a German weekly newspaper, commenced at the Liberal office on the 20th of December, 1877, Mr. Hunt editor and proprietor Die Freie Presse is one of the official papers of the county, and statutes making it such because it is the only German newspaper published in the county.

Mr. Hunt has had a long editorial experience, and the Liberal and Die Freie Preise have their appropriate share of the newspaper patronage of the county.

CHURCHES

Methodist Episcopal Church—It cannot be ascertained when the first sermon by a Methodist minister was preached in Monticello. It was occasionally visited by itinerants, but no regular appointment was made until 1861. In that year, Rev. J. Williams preached on the circuit which embraced Monticello. The membership was small and very much scattered. In 1862, Rev. G. Stanley was the preacher in charge, and the society increased its numbers. In 1863, Rev. J. S. Eberhart was the Pastor. During the year, the present church edifice was erected. Previous to this time, the society worshiped in the schoolhouse. At the time, the membership was about fifty. In 1864, Rev. H. C. Brown was Pastor, and, in 1865, he was re-appointed. The society now became a station, with about ninety members, and paid $500 salary. In 1866, Rev. F. W. Vinson was appointed to the charge, and during his administration the membership increased to ninety-five. His salary was $800. In 1867, Rev. H. H. Fairall was Pastor, with a salary of $950. During the year, a large two-story parsonage was built, costing $1,300. In 1868, Mr. Fairall was re-appointed, with a salary of $1,000. During his administration, the membership increased eighty-fifty by conversions and thirty by letter-making a total of 175. During the two years, the Church paid out for improvements, benevolent purposes, ministerial support and contingent expenses, $3,500. In 1869, C. C. Symons was appointed Pastor, and served one year. He was succeeded by Thomas Thomson, who also served one year. In 1871, F. X. Miller was appointed Pastor, and served three years. J. S. Eberhart was also Pastor for three years. The present Pastor is Rev. J. L. Paine, who is on his second year.

There are at present 130 members, and thirteen probationers. The following are the Trustees of the Church for 1879: Dr. I. H. Phillips, A. E. Chesterfield, C. E. Marvin, M. W. Herrick, Robert Young, Elijah Austin, G. H. White and Mrs. A. P. Moore. Class Leaders—J. G. Wood and N. W. Austin. Stewards—J. B. Smith, John Moody, N. W. Austin, William Joslin, George W. Condon, Samuel G. Harris and Henry F. Taylor.

The Sabbath school is in a flourishing condition, and has an average attendance of eighty-five. N. W. Austin is the Superintendent.

The Church is free from debt, and is in a good flourishing condition.

German Reform Church—On the first of April, 1870, Rev. G. Rettig came to preach to the Germans at Monticello and vicinity. Four German families in the town professed to believe in the creed of the German Reform Church and were anxious to have regular services, as there was no other German Church organization in the town. They rented a place on First street from Mr. Ch. Siebenthal and fitted it for church purposes. A temporary organization was made; Mr. G. Stuhler was chosen Elder, and Mr. Ch. Siebenthal, Deacon. For four and a half years, divine service was held at the above-mentioned locality. A regular Church was formed April 12, 1874, with Rev. G. Rettig, Pastor; Mr. G. Stuhler and Mr. Thomas Guyan, Elders; Mr. Andrew Ambuhl and John Weibal, Deacons. After the room on First street had been sold, preaching was continued in Marvin's Hall for one year. A resolution was passed to build a sanctuary, and a lot was purchased for $200 on Cedar street. From Marvin's Hall they moved to Kinsella Hall. A commission was appointed to get subscriptions for building a church edifice. Mr. G. Stuhler, Gerhart Eiler and Thomas Guyan were chosen Trustees October 19, 1874. The corner-stone of the new church was laid June 27, 1875, and the church edifice dedicated October 31, 1875. January 23, 1876, Rev. G. Rettig resigned and Rev. A. Kern, of Helvetia, W. Va., was called to the pastorate. He remained with the Church one year and five months, and was succeeded October 31, 1877, by Rev. John F. Graf, of Palmyra, Mo., who serves the Church at present. During his ministry, the Church has paid all its debts on the church building and built a fine parsonage. The present membership numbers about eighty.

Congregational Church—The earliest public Congregational ministrations in Monticello were begun by Rev. E. P. Kimball, June 16, 1860, his salary being mainly paid by the American Home Missionary Society. At this time, it was commonly reported that there was not a praying man in the village, which was probably true. There were, however, a few praying women. The meetings were held in the Monticello Schoolhouse.

The earliest formal step toward organizing the Church was taken September 18, 1860, at a meeting held in the Monticello Schoolhouse, pursuant to a previous call. A resolution to organize under the name of the "Congregational Church of Monticello" was passed, and articles of faith and a form of covenant were adopted. The Church was duly organized November 13, 1860, by an Ecclesiastical Council, convened at the schoolhouse in Monticello, and composed of ministers and delegates representing the following Congregational Churches: The Church at Bowen's Prairie, at Dubuque, at Anamosa and the Church at Cass. The following are the names of those who at the time united as members: E. P. Kimball, Betsey A. F. Kimball, John White, Elizabeth A. White, Celeste E. Wales, Lyman P. Hoyt, Sarah Hoyt, Sarah A. Higby and Mrs. E. J. Leach.

At a regular meeting of the Church, held January 2, 1862, it was voted to circulate a subscription to secure funds to build a church edifice. The effort was not successful. Subsequently, the matter was taken up by the citizens in connection with the members of the Church, and a subscription to the amount of about $1,000, with promises of $300 more. Circumstances unfavorable to the project shortly afterward arose, and the matter remained at a stand-still till the summer of 1866, when a new subscription was circulated and pledges to the amount of $1,800 secured. Lots were secured, but nothing was done that year further than laying the foundation walls and bringing upon the ground a portion of the materials. Plans of the edifice were submitted by Mr. C. C. Walworth, of Boston, and were adopted. Mr. Walworth subscribed $500 for the enterprise, and afterward increased his subscription to $1,000. He also presented the architectural plans and specifications without charge. The cost of the building, according to the design agreed upon, was estimated at $4,000. It was soon after learned that owing to the advance in material, the cost would reach $6,000, unless the plan be modified. Mr. Walworth then secured a modification of the design. The foundation walls were then remodeled, the work being begun on May 1, 1867. On the 14th of the same month, the ceremony of laying the corner-stone took place, and was conducted by the Rev. D. J. Jones, Pastor. Addresses were delivered by Rev. Mr. Jones and Rev. J. Allen. The edifice was in due form dedicated on Sunday, January 27, 1868. After services, a debt of $1,800 was canceled by $2,200 pledges. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. J. E. Roy, of Chicago. The American Congregational Union donated $500 to aid in building. The Congregational Society, auxiliary to the Church, was duly organized December 26, 1865, F. J. Tryon being in the chair. A Constitution and By-Laws were adopted. This society is composed of members of the Church, and of such adult male persons of good moral character as pay $3 annually for the support of preaching. Its function is to co-operate with the Church in holding and protecting the property, and supporting the minister.

The ministers who have served the Church since its organization are Rev. E. P. Kimball, who resigned in 1863; Revs. Isaac Russell, S. A. Benton, J. D. Jones, J. K. Nutting, J. D. Bell, William Leavitt, Loren W. Brintnall and D. Jenkins, the present Pastor.

This Church is in a prosperous condition, and now has a membership of 106. It is what might be called the liberal church of the town, and is decidedly progressive. This is especially so under the administration of the present Pastor. Mr. Jenkins is a young man of good scholastic attainments, and broad and liberal in his public ministrations.

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION

An organization with the above title was organized at Monticello November 25, 1867. Officers were elected and a Constitution and By-Laws adopted. For some years, the society grew and flourished, at one time having an excellent reading-room and, apparently, doing much good. Like most similar organizations in towns of the size, it grew and flourished for a time, and then declined and, eventually, ceased to exist.

WATER-WORKS

In the summer of 1877, a stock company was organized, with Hon. George W. Lovell, President, and had for its object the securement of good water privileges for the inhabitants of the city of Monticello. A well was sunk near the depot to the depth of nearly twelve hundred feet, with the hope of securing a flowing well, but the hopes of the company were not fully realized. An abundant supply of water was secured, but it rose only to within forty feet of the surface. The funds of the company being exhausted, nothing was done for the space of about eighteen months, when the company sold out its interest in the well to the city for the amount of their investment, $3,200, the city agreeing to pay the same to the stockholders in the way of water-rents, in installments of 10 per cent each year, for ten years, without interest. An open well to the depth of the surface of the standing water was dug, walled and cemented, and a contract was let to George F. Blake & Co., of New York, to put in a pumping apparatus, whereby the water could be pumped and carried to a reservoir on the hill west of the city. A reservoir was built and neatly inclosed, at the place named, with a capacity of two hundred and fifty thousand gallons. The pumps and necessary appendages have been put in place, and water-mains laid to the principal parts of the city, and everything has been pronounced a decided success. The water is excellent, nearly as soft as rain-water, and two or three degrees warmer than that of ordinary well-water. The supply seems to be entirely inexhaustible. The entire cost to the city of the Water-Works, thus far, has been about $16,000.

The following officers have been duly appointed: S. Y. Bradstreet, Superintendent; Dexter Page, Engineer. Commissioners—S. Y. Bradstreet, Chairman; B. D. Paine, S. E. Sarles, M. M. Moulton, Dexter Page.

The primary object of the company who inaugurated the enterprise has been consummated, and the city has a full supply of good water. From the water-mains, surface pipes are being put in at the present writing, and everything is eminently satisfactory.

FIRE DEPARTMENT

The Monticello Fire Company was organized in the year 1872, with a membership of forty-five. The company for some time were supplied with buckets only, and dependent upon no other source for water that that afforded by the cisterns and wells of the city. The following officers were elected at the organization: J. A. Chandler, Foreman; N. W. Austin, First Assistant; Dexter Page, Second Assistant; James Young, Third Assistant; George Whiting, Secretary; C. A. Whiting, Treasurer.

An engine, hose and hose cart and the necessary equipage for a first-class fire company have been procured, and the organization has been kept in good working condition, and at sundry times has rendered effective service in staying the ravages of fire.

Owing to the facilities afforded by the water-works of the city, the use of the engine is not necessary, except at points more than a thousand feet from a hydrant. The present officers are: Dexter Page, Foreman; Isaac Grover, First Assistant; Fred Simons, Second Assistant; William C. King, Third Assistant; Peter Young, Treasurer; Robert Young, Steward; O. B. Rundel, Secretary. The company numbers about fifty men.

SECRET SOCIETIES

Monticello Lodge, No. 117, I.O.O.F., was instituted at Monticello, Jones County, on the 16th of March, 1858, by J. J. Dickinson, W.D.D.G. Master, assisted by Bros. Johnson, Belknap, Lukins and Warner, of Anamosa Lodge No. 40. The Lodge was instituted in the afternoon. After the ceremonies had been concluded, the following offices were elected and installed, according to the prescribed form of the Order: J. J. Brown, N.G.; A. Moulton, V.G.; M. M. Moulton, Secretary; W. B. Selden, Treasurer; T. C. West, W.; D. McDonald, C. Petitions were received and acted upon from six applicants. In the evening, three candidates being present, they were initiated into the mysteries of Odd Fellowship. After the installation of appointed officers, W.D.D.G. Master Dickinson delivered an address. The organization was made under favorable circumstances and has ever been in a prosperous condition. The charter members are Aaron Moulton, M. M. Moulton, Abram Everetts, J. J. Brown, E. H. Warren. The officers for the year 1879 are: W. M. Preston, N.G.; Seth Fowler, V.G.; G. W. Condon, Secretary; John Rigby, Treasurer; Elijah Austin, Warden; C. Henry, Conductor; Clark Byam, R.S.N.G.; Judson Tucker, L.S.N.G.; J. B. L. Caldwell, R.S.V.G.; F. A. Coyle, L.S.V.G.; William Tuel, R.S.S.; P. H. Conner, L.S.S.; F. S. Duger, I.G.; James Harrison, O.G. The Lodge occupies a well-furnished hall and has money at interest.

Burns Lodge, No. 173, A.,F.&A.M.—Instituted, U.D., January 18, A.D. 1865, A.L. 5865, and organized under charter of Grand Lodge of Iowa, June 21, 1865, A.L. 5865, at Monticello, Jones County. First officers—Brothers H. D. Sherman, W.M.; M. R. Gurney, S.W.; C. E. Wales, J.W.; H. Rosa, Treasurer; J. A. Chandler, Secretary; E. T. Mellett, S.D.; S. R. Howard, J.D.; Simon Morton, Tiler. The Lodge was organized under favorable auspices, the members contributing $375 to furnish hall, etc. M. M. Moulton was the first to receive the Master Mason's degree in this Lodge, April 12, 1865. The Lodge has continued to prosper, and, up to the 1st of November, 1879, had conferred the degrees upon eighty-three persons.

The first death in the Lodge was that of Brother S. Hopkins, an old veteran Mason, in March, 1867, next followed in the same month Brother C. McClosky, then Brother H. Bledsoe, the first petitioner for Masonic Light in Burns Lodge. Rev. R. H. Northrop died of consumption and was buried in Burns Lodge Lot in Monticello Cemetery. Brother Peter Karst died of cancer at Sand Springs, Iowa. Brothers David S. Dreibblebis and Hugh L. Matthews were young Masons and lived but a short time to enjoy the benefits of the Order. Worshipful Master, P. H. Babcock is the only presiding officer lost by death. Brother Sandford Jacobs died after a long and lingering illness.

The Lodge has been liberal in its benevolent expenditures, and continues in good working conditions and shares a large measure of prosperity. The officers for the year 1879 are as follows: Brothers Luther Foster, W.M.; B. D. Paine, S.W.; W. A. Holston, J.W.; John O. Duer, Treasurer; S. L. Gardiner, Secretary; George L. Lovell, S.D.; Joseph E. Nye, J.D.; Samuel Kahn, S.S.; Clark Byam, J.S.; M. M. Moulton, Tiler.

The history of Burns Lodge and Trinity Commandery was furnished by Sir Knight S. L. Gardiner, though we give it much abridged.

Monticello Chapter, No. 42, R.A.M.U.D., instituted March 2, 2398, A. D. 1868, and organized under charter of the Grand Chapter of Iowa October 16, 2398, A. D. 1868. This Chapter was the parent of the Anamosa Chapter. Among the first petitioners for the degrees in this Chapter were M. R. Gurney, S. R. Howard and Joseph E. Eaton. Up to that time there were but six Royal Arch Masons in Monticello.

First Officers—H. D. Sherman, E.H.P.; G. W. Miller, E. King; M. M. Moulton, E. Scribe; S. L. Gardiner, Secretary; W. P. Crowly, C. H.; P. Stone, P.S.; O. T. Richmond, R.A.C.; W. L. Winter, Third Vail; R. C. Shinn, Second Vail; J. C. Huntoon, First Vail; J. P. Embree, Tiler.

The Chapter is in good condition, financially and otherwise, with a membership of thirty-four. Officers for 1879—M. R. Gurney, H.P.; W. W. Calkins, King; Samuel Kahn, Scribe; R. P. Smith, Secretary; John O. Duer, Treasurer; B. D. Paine, C.H.; Luther Forster, P.S.; S. R. Howard, R.A.C.; J. A. Chandler, G. M. Third Vail; H. M. Wright, G. M. Second Vail; Isaac Rigby, G. M. First Vail; M. M. Moulton, Tiler.

Trinity Commandery, No. 16, Monticello, Iowa—This Commandery is the parent of the Commandery at Manchester, Delaware County; Patmos Commandery, at Marion, Linn County, and the Commandery at Anamosa. Trinity Commandery started out with an expensive outfit, said to have been the best in the State, costing about $500.

The funds were loaned by charter members, and were paid back to them in about a year from the time of organization, December 9, 1869. It is now self-sustaining, its money at interest and annual dues more than meeting current expenses. This Commandery donated $25 to the yellow-fever sufferers in 1878. Hard times has temporarily checked the growth of the Commandery. There has been but one death in this Commandery in the ten years of its existence—Sir Knight Porter H. Babcock, a good officer.

The first officers were: Sir Knight H. D. Sherman, E.C.; Sir Knight Samuel L. Gardiner, Gen.; Sir Knight Charles E. Wales, C.G.; Sir Knight Isaac L. Sinnington, Prel.; Sir Knight James Davidson, S.W.; Sir Knight F. C. Brown, J.W.; Sir Knight Thomas R. Ercanbrack, W.; Sir Knight Jonathan Piper, Treas.; Sir Knight M. M. Moulton, Recorder.

The officers for 1879—Sir Knight Silas M. Yoran, E.C.; Sir Knight Samuel L. Gardiner, Gen.; Sir Knight S. R. Howard, C.G.; Sir Knight C. E. Wales, Treas.; Sir Knight M. M. Moulton, Recorder; Sir Knight R. P. Smith, S.W.; Sir Knight D. E. Pond, J.W.; Sir Knight S. S. Farwell, St.B.; Sir Knight E. T. Mellett, S.B.; Sir Knight James Davidson, Warder; Sir Knight H. D. Sherman, Sentinel. Continuation of membership—1875, M. O. Warriner, Justin Shapley, Luther Foster; 1876, Edwin Blakeslee, H. V. White, C. E. Merriam, D. A. Peet, C. N. Dietz, F. B. Bonniwall.

William Tell Lodge, No. 391, I.O.O.F.—Organized April, 1879, and works in the German language. The officers and charter members were: Samuel Kahn, N.G.; Emil Schneider, V.G.; John Wybel, Treas.; John Grum, Sec.; J. Snyder, Warden; G. Snyder, Conductor; Geo. Shaffer, R.S.N.G.; H. W. Baade, L.S.N.G.; A. Guler; R.S.V.G.; J. Snyder, L.S.V.G.

Monticello Lodge, No. 43, A.O.U.W.—This Lodge was duly organized January 15, 1876, with the following charter members: Dr. I. H. Phillips, Wilson Jenkins, G. W. Miller, J. R. Stillman, G. W. Garlock, S. F. Bentley, J. Q. Wing, John Blanchard, N. W. Austin, W. E. Herrick and O. B. Rundel. Number of members at present writing, seventy-five. The object of the organization is co-operative life insurance. The Lodge has lost three members since it was organized, and paid in each case $2,000. Weekly benefits have been paid to those who were entitled to the same, and the Lodge kept in a good, prosperous condition.

The present officers are: N. W. Austin, P.M.W.; S. G. Harris, M.W.; C. A. Whiting, Foreman; H. C. Shur, Overseer; J. B. Smith, Recorder; J. R. Stillman, Financier, W. W. Calkins, F.S.

Monticello Lodge, No. 14, of the Iowa Legion of Honor—The object of this organization is quite the same as that of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, only that the work of the Legion of Honor is confined to the State of Iowa. This Lodge was organized on the 8th of May, 1879, with forty-two charter members. The present officers are: J. B. Smith, President; S. G. Harris, Vice President; J. R. Stillman, R. S.; M. M. Moulton, F. S.; H Shur, Treas.; G. W. Miller, Doorkeeper; Fred Simons, Sentinel. The Legion of Honor may pay at the death of a brother $4,000, if there is that number of members in that class, while the Ancient Order of United Workmen pay only $2,000. The Legion of Honor pays no sick benefits.

ASSOCIATIONS

Monticello Ladies' Library Association—The circulating library association, under the auspices of the ladies of Monticello, was organized in 1867, with the following officers:

Mrs. S. Y. Bradstreet, President; Mrs. W. H. Proctor, Vice President; Mrs. G. W. Miller, Treasurer; Mrs. S. Langworthy, Secretary.
The following were the charter members: Mrs. Maria Bradstreet, Mrs. Stephen Langworthy, Mrs. William H. Proctor, Mrs. G. W. Miller, Mrs. James Davidson, Mrs. W. H. Walworth, Mrs. C. E. Wales and Mrs. F. S. Dunham.

A Constitution and By-Laws were adopted for the government of the Association, and the society began its work without a dollar in the treasury.

Festivals and other means were improvised from time to time, and the proceeds used in the purchase of books. Through much that was discouraging the Association has passed, and, at present writing, secured for the use of those willing to pay the trifling sum of $1 per year, a good library of about seven hundred volumes. There are a goodly number of standard works in the library, and the Association is now in a more prosperous condition than at any previous time. An examination of the books warrants the belief that they are well cared for, and that a goodly number are read by appreciative readers.

The Association is a valuable auxiliary to the educational forces of the city, and the ladies of Monticello deserve especial commendation to their literary taste and perseverance in a cause so meritorious.

The present officers are: Mrs. F. S. Dunham, President; Mrs. S. R. Howard, Vice President; Mrs. J. R. Stillman, Secretary; Mrs. G. W. Miller, Treasurer.

Monticello Cemetery Association—This Association was organized as an incorporate body on the 20th day of June, A. D. 1866. The following are the names of the incorporators; E. P. Kimball, M. M. Moulton, W. H. Walworth, D. T. Gardner, S. R. Howard and J. P. Sleeper. M. M. Moulton, W. H. Walworth and E. P. Kimball were elected the first Trustees of the Association; Mrs. B. A. F. Kimball, Treasurer.

On the 24th of June, A. D. 1866, the Trustees purchased for the Association, of Mrs. George George and husband, two acres of land, and Mrs. George donated an acre, the whole to be used for cemetery purposes, and the one acre donated by Mrs. George is always to be held for the free use of the poor. The land is situated about a mile east of the city of Monticello, on the main road leading to Scotch Grove.

At a meeting of the Association on the 20th of December, 1866, the Treasurer made the following report:

Amount collected, $283.15. Paid for land, $150; for lumber, $105; for nails, $8; for work, $7.50; for deed, etc., $5.50.

The first officers continued to act until the 25th of June, 1873, when the following were duly elected: Trustees, H. D. Sherman, Samuel G. Gardiner, M. M. Moulton and C. E. Wales; Treasurer, John O. Duer. Cash capital, $61.69.

The work of improving the cemetery was now commenced. The grounds were surveyed, lots properly divided, the whole newly fenced, the streets and alleys graded, and an evergreen tree planted at the corners of each lot, making a living corner-stone. From that time forward, the grounds have been kept in a neat and tasty manner, much to the credit of the Board of Trustees.

The money to purchase the land, improve, etc., was raised by subscription, largely through the efforts of Mrs. B. A. F. Kimball and Mrs. Fred Grassmeyer. The subscriptions were in sums varying from 50 cents up to $25, donated by Joseph Baker. M. L. Carpenter gave $20; H. Rosa, $16; F. Grassmeyer, $12, and many others donated liberally.

Monticello Union Park Association—On the 18th day of April, 1874, a meeting was held at the office of C. W. Gurney, in Monticello and the following Articles of Incorporation were adopted and an organization effected:

Articles of Incorporation of the Monticello Union Park Association:

    I. We, the undersigned, hereby form ourselves into a joint-stock company for the purpose of purchasing forty acres of land in the town of Monticello, county of Jones and State of Iowa, fencing and fitting the same for the purpose of a driving-park and fair-grounds.

    II. This company shall be known and designated at the "Monticello Union Park Association," and its principal place of business shall be at Monticello, Jones County, Iowa.

    III. The business to be transacted shall be the holding of fairs and exhibitions, and leasing of said grounds to such other societies and for such other purposes as the Executive Committee shall determine.

    IV. The capital stock of said company shall consist of $3,000, to be divided into shares of $100 each; each share to be entitled to one vote in the election of officers and the transaction of other business of the company. Said stock to be paid in on call of the President.

    V. This Association shall commence on the 13th day of April, 1874, and shall continue twenty years.

    VI. The officers of this Association shall be one President, one Vice President, one Secretary, one Treasurer and three Directors, which three, together with the President and Secretary, shall constitute an Executive Committee. The annual meeting of said Association shall be held at Monticello on the second Monday of April in each year, at which time all the above enumerated officers shall be elected, to hold their offices for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified.

    VII. The indebtedness of this Association shall at no time exceed $1,000.

    VIII. No private property of stockholders shall be liable for corporate debts.

    IX. The Executive Committee shall have power to make all by-laws and regulations necessary for the government of the Association.

    Dated at Monticello the 13th day of April, 1874. Filed for record December 26, 1874.

Names of stockholders: M. L. Carpenter, S. C. Langworthy, Hiram Tarks, G. S. Eastman, George Stuhler, Birdsall & Acker, Joseph Clark, L. Waushura, John Lorentenzen, M. M. Benedict, S. S. Farwell, Philip Kuhns, George Haines, J. W. Skelly, G. W. Lovell, C. E. Wales, Theodore Soetje, William Schoddy, Fred Grassmeyer, Gill & Noyes, S. R. Howard, N. M. Smith, John O. Duer, P. O. Babcock, A. J. Monroe, Gurney & Davidson, Henry Babbe, M. A. Rice, F. M. Hicks.

The following Board of Directors were elected for that year (1874): John O. Duer, P. O. Babcock and Joseph Clark. C. E. Wales was President, and C. W. Gurney, Secretary.

The present officers are: M. M. Benedict, President; G. S. Eastman, Vice President; John O. Duer, Secretary and Treasurer. Directors—G. Haines, M. Noyes and S. R. Howard.

The Association has purchased forty acres near the city of Monticello. The grounds are well fitted up for the use of the Association. The entire cost of purchase and preparation has been about $3,000. The estimated value of the property of the Association at this time is $4,000.

JONES COUNTY MILITIA COMPANY

Company D, of the Ninth Regiment Iowa National Guards, was enlisted at Monticello on the 17th of June, 1878, under the Military Code of the State. It has always been a maximum company from the first, composed of sixty-seven men. J. Q. Wing was unanimously chosen Captain; Ed M. Thompson, First Lieutenant, and Dugal McDugal, Second Lieutenant. These officers were commissioned by Gov. Gear on the 23d day of July, 1878. Dugal McDugal was dismissed the service, and William C. King elected Second Lieutenant in his stead.

Capt. J. Q. Wing was elected Colonel of the Ninth Regiment on the 16th of August, 1879, and Lieut. Thompson took command of Company D. It is expected that Lieut. Thompson will be promoted to the captaincy, and that other promotions will be made in regular order.

Company D is armed with the best breech-loading needle guns, and neatly uniformed.

In 1878, Company D was called upon to unload a car load of tramps that had taken possession of a train on the Davenport & Northern Railroad. The work was well accomplished in a short time, although the company had been organized but a short time. The company is one of the best drilled in the military service of the States. A number of old veterans of the late war are members of the company.

JONES COUNTY AGRICULTURL SOCIETY

The Jones County Agricultural Society own property, in the way of buildings, to the amount of about $1,500, on the grounds of the Park Association.

The present Agricultural Society was organized at Monticello in the year 1874, with the following officers: S. S. Farwell, Monticello, President; E. V. Miller, Viroqua, Vice President; C. W. Gurney, Monticello, Secretary; A. M. Loomis, Wyoming, Treasurer.

It is proper to state that an Agricultural Society was organized many years ago, and the meetings were held on the grounds near Anamosa. For a number of years the Society was a success, but, for some reason, the interest abated, and finally the Society failed to hold annual meetings, and virtually ceased to exist.

The present Society began without a dollar in the treasury, and now owns property to the amount of about $1,500, on the grounds of the Monticello Union Park Association. The meetings of the Society have been a success thus far, and a liberal amount of premiums have been paid to the annual exhibition.

The following are the officers for the year 1879: Wm. M. Starr, Castle Grove, President; S. L. Gilbert, Onslow, Vice President; S. M. Yoran, Monticello, Secretary; F. O. Ellison, Wyoming, Treasurer.

THE PRINCIPAL FIRES

The first fire was that of D. S. Dewey's two-story frame saw-mill, at East Monticello, in March, 1855; loss $4,000, no insurance.

In April 1864, the two-story shop and horse-stable of N. W. Austin, was burned. Loss on building, $500; contents, horse, $100; tools, hay and grain, $100; one horse belonging to Mr. Ketchum, $100. Total $800. No insurance. The fire was the work of an incendiary. Mr. Austin had been prosecuting witness in a certain liquor suit, and is supposed to have lost his shop and barn as a result.

In May, 1864, the frame stable of G. Slade was destroyed by fire. It was Sunday evening, just after services had commenced at the M. E. Church, that the fire was discovered. Several prosecutions had been commenced against the saloon keeper for the illegal sale of intoxicating beverages.

Some parties had hid a keg of whisky in the stable, where it was found by some boys, who had been taking a "nip" from it daily, and they concluded to take a swig before attending church, and, as it was dark, lighted a match that they might see; the match fell into the dry hay, and the building was in flames in a moment. Loss on building, $500; contents, $100; one span of horses, $200. Total $800. No insurance.

July 5, 1864, the restaurant and saloon owned and kept by J. P. Sleeper, was destroyed by fire, and was a total loss of about $2,000; no insurance. The fire is supposed to have been caused by fire-works on the 4th.

A fire occurred on the 26th of July, 1868, and was supposed to be an incendiary fire. The following buildings were totally destroyed: M. M. Moulton's two-story building on Lot 503; loss $2,000. Loss to Odd Fellows' Lodge, $200; loss to Good Templar's Lodge, $200. Insurance, $800; H. D. Sherman's butter in the cellar, $500; no insurance.

H. M. Wright's bookstore; loss on building and contents, $2,000; fully insured.

C. A. Whiting's barber-shop; loss on building and contents, $2,000, also fully insured.

October 12, 1869, occurred another incendiary fire, and four buildings were destroyed, viz: W. E. Berry's saloon, loss $2,000, insured, the building was occupied by Warriner & Monroe, loss to them $200; no insurance.

McCormick & Kennady's store and contents, loss $2,500; fully insured.

N. M. Smith's drug store; loss on building and contents, $2,500; no insurance.

The building owned by Dr. Smith, occupied by J. Davidson with post office; loss on contents, $200; no insurance.

Gardiner & Dunham's building, damaged to the amount of $1,000; fully insured.

December 9, 1869, a partial loss by fire of C. A. Whiting's drug store; loss on building, $500; fully insured.

C. J. Conley's loss on contents, $1,000. This fire was supposed to be the result of incendiary causes.

January 23, 1870, C. E. Wales' residence was damaged about $1,000; fully insured.

April 14, 1870, Mr. Reiger's building was damaged by fire about $800; insured.

Damage to the Hany Building and contents (grocery), $1,400; insurance, $450.

Meat market of William Peterson, building and contents, $1,000; no insurance.

W. Stambaugh's hardware store; loss on building, $1,000; loss to M. Haran on contents, $5,000; fully insured.

December 12, 1871, E. E. Burdick's tenement house at East Monticello; loss, $800; insured.

February 11, 1872, loss by fire of Hibbard, Frost & Wood, of frame flouring-mill, $14,000; no insurance.

Dexter Page's foundry and machine-shop building; loss, $1,500; no insurance.

E. B. Kinsella's warehouse burned; loss, $500. Loss to Pat Hopkins on contents, $150; fully insured.

John Kinsella's warehouse; loss $500; also insured. Langworthy & Holt, contents in same, $1,500; insured.

Pat Washington's warehouse; loss, $700; no insurance. Hake & Rohn, grain in same, $1,000; fully insured.

A. J. Monroe's barn; loss, $150; not insured.

B. Stuart's barn; loss $100; insured for $50.

W. E. Herrick's tools in mill; loss $100. E. Grissenger's tools in mill, loss, $100. The mill was set on fire in the night.

March 28, 1872, A. J. Monroe's barber-shop and law office; loss $500; insured.

April 23, 1872, D. L. Norcross' dwelling-house; loss, $800; insured.

September 29, 1877, a dwelling that belonged to the estate of David Young; damaged by fire, $500; insured.

February 27, 1879, stone flouring-mill of H. S. Pope & Bro.; loss, $8,000; insured for $5,100.

March 28, 1879, brick residence of D. S. Kinsella; loss, $3,000; insurance, $2,500.

June 5, 1879, tin-shop of F. S. Dunham; damage to building, $500; damage to contents, $3,000; fully insured.

Dr. Myrick's office contents; damages, $50. Dr. Henry's office contents; damages, $50; no insurance.

Damage to Mrs. Derbin's dwelling, $100; damage to contents, $400; fully insured.

August 15, 1879, damage to James Young's residence, $100; insured.

There have been a few other losses by fire, but the date and amounts we were not able to get.

The above facts and figures were furnished us by M. M. Moulton, Esq.

WYOMING TOWNSHIP

This township is situated in the southeast part of the county, north of Oxford, the southwest township. The most of the surface is rather broken; there is a strip of prairie on the south side, and some prairie land in the northwest corner, which is level or beautifully undulating. A ridge, commonly known as the Brainard Ridge, runs through about the center of the township from west to east, along which there are fine farms and good substantial buildings. The northeast corner is principally timber-land, with an occasional slope of prairie interspersed among it.

The farms, buildings, orchards and other improvements in the township, indicate a thriving and industrious people.

The thriving town of Wyoming is situated in the southwestern portion of the township, and a portion of the town of Onslow is situated in the northeast, four miles from the city of Wyoming.

EARLY REMINISCENCES OF WYOMING AND VICINITY

By Dr. M. H. Calkins

(The following in reference to the early history of Wyoming and vicinity was prepared and read by Dr. M. H. Calkins, during the "Wyoming House Lecture Course," in April, A.D. 1878. The corrections necessary, owing to the changes that have taken place since that time, have been made by the Doctor, also, so that the statements are reliable and trustworthy. We are thus placed under obligation to Dr. Calkins for one of the most valuable and entertaining chapters in the history of Jones County. We regret to be obliged to somewhat abridge this portion of the early history for the want of space. Much that would be very entertaining is necessarily omitted; but we have endeavored to retain all the historical facts. The Doctor, whose biography appears elsewhere, is a strong and vigorous writer, and, at times, expresses himself with much rhetorical effect. From the fact that the important facts of history of the schools and churches are given by Dr. Calkins, no separate history of them will be given.—EDITOR.)

"The early history of any community is seldom preserved for posterity. A generation lives, acts its part, passes away, and little is known of the details of the operations by which grand results were reached. Every generation views the results of the preceding one in their totality and condemns in jobbing lots, or at wholesale lauds. Could we have access to that book where time records the acts of men, it would be an easy task to write the history of the past. But when, in antiquarian research, we are compelled to rely upon the treacherous memory of the living whose knowledge is often derived from tradition, it becomes an arduous task and is often inaccurate. In my search for items of early history, I have not found a man who has kept a record of the passing events in which he was engaged, and which so often interest posterity. Memory alone has been relied upon, and hence some of the statements I shall make may be incorrect. Memory cannot always be relied upon, particularly in reference to dates. The young look forward, and time seems long. The old glance backward and time seems short, and the date of interesting occurrences is often misplaced. This arises from the fact that no record is kept.

* * * * * * * * * *

"Nearly four decades have passed and have been marked on eternity's dial, during which the events I am about to relate, have transpired.

"The first decade began in 1839, and could be easily summarized. It was a noble struggle of a few men for homes. The second decade, begun in 1849, was filled with stirring events and noble progress. The third was nobler still, for to the victories of peace were added the laurels of war for our nation's life, in which the citizens of this township acted a noble part. Nine-tenths of the fourth decade have flitted away the progress marking every step, and every step keeping time with improvement's rapid march. To-day I must speak of these different epochs as a single group in Time's great calendar. If I shall succeed in rescuing from the fast receding past some incidents connected with the early history of this township, my object will have been accomplished.

"The hardy pioneer, struggling with the various disadvantages incident to life on the frontier, has little time and less inclination to mark the changes connected with the growth and development of a wilderness into 'a land that buds and blossoms like the rose.' The great changes which time, with its various agencies, is producing around him, are not realized, and the interest that the future will take in reviewing the past is hardly thought of. He is busy with the present and its necessities, generally struggling with poverty, but buoyant with hope. He expects to secure a home and be surrounded in a short time with the charms of good society, educational and religious privileges, in the enjoyment of wealth and the full fruition of early hopes. He carries with him the impress of the institutions of the locality where he lived, and fosters them. They are the institutions of civilization, and often of refinement. He expects to be overtaken by the car of progress, laden with the golden fruits of society. Religious privileges and educational advantages he expects will follow, with all the charms and blessings they confer. Like Moses, in some respects, he views the promised land; unlike him, occupies it; like him, time is not given to share in its full glory. Dilapidation and decay are distanced by the outstretched arm of improvement, its polishing hand; and soon, very soon, in this new world and on these fertile prairies, beside these pure streams of limpid water; with an atmosphere laden with health-giving influences, noble farms spread out before the admiring gaze of the tourist, who, in these later years, for the first time visits these fertile valleys. He beholds lowing herds of splendid cattle feeding upon nature's broad pastures, or ruminating by the side of well-filled racks and mangers. He listens to the contented grunt of large droves of squealing porcines, fed with a prodigal liberality. He notes the symmetry of the different grades of vast numbers of noble horses; wonders at their perfection and adaptation to man's various tastes and uses. He sees vast fields of luxuriant grain, and calculates in all these departments there is enough to supply the demands of a population a hundred-fold more dense. He beholds buildings that denote homes of ease, wealth and luxury, comfort and refinement, thriving towns and prosperous cities, with all their allurements for good and subtle entanglements for evil, arise as if by magic, and these, with the choice farms, transform the prairie in all its grand magnificence and wild beauty, with its aboriginal inhabitants wilder still, the running deer, the loping elk, the beast of prey, the whistling quail, the whirring hen, emblems of the wilderness where civilization has never disturbed the wild beast in his lair, or the birds in their aerial flights have never been frightened by the sharp report of the sportsman's gun and its reverberating sound. In a single word, these emblems of primeval wilderness have been supplanted by the benign influences of a Christian civilization, transforming and reclaiming, with all their moral power. Remember that nearly all this change has been wrought within a half-century. I refer to the Great West-the valley of the Mississippi and its tributaries.

"The first permanent settlers of a new country are a hospitable people. As I said, they are in pursuit of homes and with those who come for this laudable object, actuated by this noble purpose, controlled by immutable principles of right, every arrival of upright citizens is welcomed with a warmth of friendship, the genuineness of which is never questioned. No mere formal friendship welcomes the arrival of the sturdy and industrious emigrant to the frontier home of him who is patiently waiting for civilization to drive the wild beasts and the barbarous Indians from the vicinity of his home. The elk and the deer, the wild beast and untutored savage, and the white man who has fled from violated law and outraged society will occupy the same country, but when enterprise, science, art, religion, with all the paraphernalia of reclaiming civilization approaches, the wild beasts flee, the red men scatter, and the outlaw, like the Arab, folds his tent and is gone. Domestic animals take the place of wild beasts. Thrifty husbandry supplants the chase, the schoolhouse tells of educational interests; the church, with its spire pointing to realms of everlasting light, proclaims faith in Him who died for all. The dead are buried with religious rites, while to the living is taught a lesson by the side of the open grave, of the brevity of human life. The savage was buried, too, amid barbarous whoops, expecting to go to the happy hunting- ground, where his gun would be his boon companion and the chase his everlasting pastime. Permanent homes have been established where lived the wandering tribes of America. The land that was a wilderness, 'flows with milk and honey.' The arts are cultivated, science encouraged, industry honored, worth appreciated, religion fostered. What a change! We call it CIVILIZATION. Space will not permit us to pursue this train of thought longer. I have alluded to these changes in order to show the vast difference between the present with all its beauty and attractiveness, and that condition that existed at the time of the advent of men who still live in our midst. But little more than the time allotted to a single generation has passed away, during which all these changes have been produced. We wonder at this rapid transformation. We consider that this change, this rapid march of civilization, is but a nucleus around which shall gather in the coming future, nobler deeds and more grand achievements.

* * * * * * * * * *

"July 27, 1839, there came into this township an emigrant band, composed of fourteen persons, counting men, women and children, and they came to stay. They came as pioneers, as an advance-guard of what was to follow. They looked upon this valley covered with tall and luxuriant grass, they noted the crystal waters of these pebbled streams, correctly estimated the fertility of the soil, and anchored their prairie schooner beneath the shade of this adjacent grove and became the sovereign lords of Wyoming Township. They were sheltered in that primeval bower and charmed with birds' enchanting songs. Mrs. Lilie's house now stands where was the first pitched tent that covered the first civilized man that made this valley his permanent home.

* * * * * * * * * *

"In that band of fourteen persons there were four stalwart men, three fearless women and seven helpless children. Around them on every hand were beasts of prey-bears, wolves, panthers and wild-cats. Deer, elk and buffalo hurried from their presence. There were also birds and prairie-hens. The stealthy tread of the Indian was often heard, and his lurking presence more often suspected. The Indians were great beggars, but seldom stole anything till they were about to depart for some other quarter. When they were about to leave, and were packing up their traps, they would not institute very rigid inquiries in reference to the ownership of any article that came in their way. Things that were worthless, and those that were valuable, all shared the same fate. Thou shalt not covet, was a doctrine of which they knew but little, and cared less. Thou shalt not steal, was not a fundamental doctrine in their creed. But they practiced from the precept, "He that provideth not for his own household is worse than an"-Indian. While they were staying around, they would not even shoot a prairie-hen from your corn-crib without asking permission. They seemed to be far above stealing chickens, even if they were wild, and, in this respect, were superior to some of their white successors.

"These first fourteen settlers all came in one wagon, and were drawn by three yoke of oxen. They had a few cows, a few head of young cattle and three dogs. They came from Indiana, and, after crossing the Mississippi, followed up the Maquoketa Valley, and found a few settlers below Monmouth, in Jackson County, where there were large tracts of Government land, but they had taken Greeley's advice in advance, and were going West. Leaving the settlement below Monmouth, they came up through the timber and out on to the prairie, near where Morse and son reside. Here they fastened a log behind their wagon to make a mark by which they could retrace their steps, if they desired to do so. Then striking out boldly into the tall prairie grass, leaving all previous marks of civilized man without knowing what they might encounter, not expecting to see the face of a white man till they should return, they started out on this unknown prairie sea in pursuit of a spot which, in after life, they might call by that name always dear-home. By the aid of imagination, we can see them stand on the summit of yonder hill, beneath a scorching July sun, and look across this fertile valley to the cool shade of the grove in the rear of our town; then, with vision leaving the grove, to the right they could look up the valley of the Great Bear till the prairie was lost in the horizon of the West, where azure blue and prairie green were blended. What scene on nature's great panorama could be more lovely, what spot more inviting, where a place more beautiful? Sheltered from fierce westerly winds and northern blasts by a magnificent grove of sturdy oaks and tall hickories clothed in summer's grand drapery, where the sun's first morning ray warmed, and the shade intercepted the noontide heat; the pure crystal waters of Little Bear Creek flowing along its margin, an outlet for bubbling springs from earth's internal streams, a soil of unsurpassed richness, a landscape beautiful to look upon; the monotony of its distant view broken by hill and dell, and running stream, and forest tree; the luxuriant grass bending, waving, surging before the prairie breeze like billows of the sea, whose crests were capped with indigenous flowers of rare fragrance and beauty, its virgin soil ready to laugh a harvest whenever tickled by the plowshare and scratching harrow of the husbandman. Here were the elements of future wealth, and on the margin of this primeval forest was erected the first home in Wyoming Township. When we review the past to that time, how forcibly do we realized the language of Whittier:

        "' I hear the tread of pioneers,
        Of nations yet to be.
        The first low wash of waves,
        Where soon shall roll a human sea.'"

"James Van Voltenbergh was the patriarch of these first settlers, and with his wife and nine children, one son-in-law, one daughter-in-law, and one grandchild, whose death we have mentioned, made up the fourteen persons. Of these, there are five still living, Joseph, in Decatur County, a voluntary exile from the land of his fathers, not sold into captivity by jealous and envious brothers; while in an adjoining township, still lives Taylor and his wife, and also Peter and Dan. They have long since dropped the patronymic name, in part, and are now known by the more euphonious and simple cognomen of Van. The old name took in number, one more than half the entire alphabet, and one less than half of the whole number of letters.

"The first meeting these people had the privilege of attending was five miles beyond Canton, and thither the three women wended their way on foot, the men were too busy to leave, there was too much to do, and these unprotected women started out to hear 'the glad tidings of great joy.' The first day, they went as far as Mr. Beers', ten miles east of here, the next day went to meeting and back to Mr. Beers', and the next day came home, having traveled on foot more than thirty miles to hear the Gospel. The preacher was a Presbyterian. The first meeting in this township was held at Van's. The preacher was a Presbyterian, and his text, 'Is there no balm in Gilead, is there no physician there?' This was in 1842. The audience was not large, and probably not very fashionably attired; but they could listen to the preacher, as he unfolded the great truths of the Gospel, explained the grand plan of salvation, and told the rich mercies of redeeming grace, a balm for every wounded soul, and pictured the everlasting beauties of a 'home over there.'

"This isolated condition was favorable to the development of feelings of dependence. At that time, the inhabitants of the township were less than two score. They felt their dependence upon each other, were mutually interested in each other's prosperity, and mutually expected to share hardships and enjoy the happiness in store for them. The minister before alluded to was traveling through the country, perhaps a missionary looking up the sheep that had wandered from the fold. Here he halted and broke the bread of life acceptably to those spiritually famishing people; continued his journey, sowing the seed, but not knowing what the harvest would be; his name forgotten, his theme cherished, his lesson remembered. The next minister was Moses Garrison. He belonged to the United Brethren, and organized the first church in Wyoming Township. The organization was effected at James Van's, and the meetings held there about three years. After this time, the Campbellites effected an organization, and the Society of United Brethren was abandoned, some of its members going to the Methodists, some to the Campbellites, and some went-God only knows where. In 1844, the North Mineral Society was organized by Joel B. Taylor, then in the interest of the Methodist Church. He was a young man, whom Conference has since honored with prominent and responsible positions. He is still a watchman on Zion's Tower, and proclaims the Gospel at Belle Plain, in this State. I allude to this Church as a part of the early history of this township because this whole region was tributary to that organization, and there was build the first church edifice in all this vicinity. It was not remarkable for its architectural beauty, but it sheltered early Christians from pelting storms, was a place for them to assemble together to hear the preached Word, where prayer was wont to be made. It was situated in Clay Township, and was a kind of religious Mecca, where religious pilgrims wended their way from a large region of country round about. The north part of this township furnished several Gospel guns, who met there regularly for target practice, the hardened sinners being the targets. Some of them fired solid shots of truth, while others hurled empty, screeching, bursting shells, the fragments of which hit by accident, but sometimes did fearful execution. There were Thomas and Joel B. Taylor, father and son, the former gone home; J. D. Williams, now living at Ackley; James Johnson, living at Camanche; John B. Nichols and Otis Cutler, gone to their reward, besides many others from other places round about. I have been told that the wicked were sometimes very turbulent over there, and it has ever been said that the professedly pious too sometimes wandered from the paths of moral rectitude. On one occasion, it is said that an old preacher, in rebuking those who were indecorous in their behavior, said it seemed to him as though the worst 'helements' in society congregated there. It has long since ceased to be a place where God is worshiped. The development of the country has made new centers for business and religious worship, and the church has been torn down and moved to this township, near the residence of old Mr. Conally. It has been rebuilt, much improved, and is a useful as well as ornamental structure in the neighborhood. In it are held many religious meetings by clergymen located in the vicinity, and from it the dead are buried in an adjacent cemetery.

"Old Mrs. Van Voltenbergh died in 1846, aged sixty-five years. Her's was the first funeral sermon preached in the township. Rev. John Sterling was the minister, who lived in the big woods beyond Rome, or Olin, as it is now called. Old Mr. Van Voltenbergh died in 1853, aged eighty-five years.

"William Knight moved into this township in 1840, about a year after the first settlement was made. I have not been able to learn much of his antecedents. The whole family left this part of the country many years ago, and located in California, where Mr. Knight died. He first located on the farm owned by S. G. Franks, then where Henry Aldrich resides, then on the farm owned by J. B. Wherry, and from here moved to California. I said he came in 1840. There may be some mistake about this, for there are some reasons for believing that he was here at the time of Noah's flood, and he might have been Noah himself. He would tell with great candor of seeing this valley deeply submerged with water, and tradition says he boasted of having swum from the present residence of Henry Aldrich to this hill, with a log-chain around his neck. For aught I know, this valley might have been the theater of Jonah's wonderful exploits, and Mr. Knight might have been Jonah himself, or, if the doctrine taught by some is true, he might have been the whale that swallowed Jonah; at any rate, he had a very large mouth. In conversation, he was vehement and boisterous, but is said to have been quiet a kind-hearted man. His wife was entitled to the lasting gratitude of many of the earlier settlers. On many and oft-repeated occasions, she visited the sick and afflicted, ministering to their necessities and alleviating their suffering. She was a useful woman, and this simple sentence tells more than would a whole volume written in the interests of fashion.

"Johnson Knight and Anna Simpson were the first persons married in the township. Who performed the ceremony, whether it was a wedding in high life or not, what the bridal presents were, or how many cigars it took to prevent the boys from "serenading" them, I have been unable to ascertain. The bride probably thought that Knight was not always darkness. The Knight boys were very useful in breaking up and subduing these primitive prairies. Ten yoke of oxen, hitched to a plow that turned a furrow three feet wide, was a terror to the indolent rattlesnake, and a caution to the Indian to 'stand from under.' Indeed, it looked a good deal like business to a white man to see ten yoke of oxen drawing a plow that was turning a furrow a yard wide, not guided by human hands, the oxen being driven by a man on horseback, with a whip that looked like a long fishing pole, with a lash for a line, big enough to hold Jonah's whale. To those of us who, in early life, were accustomed to plow in the stony and stumpy grounds of the East, with fields so small that our heads became dizzy with frequent turning, it looked strange to see a furrow as straight as an arrow, a mile in length, turning over the rich, black prairie soil that had been enriched from year to year by deposits from the decay of its own productions, adding the fertilizing wealth of unknown ages to its latent productive resources. On every acre of this prairie land were tons of roots of various grasses, woven and interwoven so as to form a fibrous mass, which, when exposed to the air and warmed by summer heat and moistened by summer showers, decayed, adding their fertilizing influence to the great future's useful vegetation. In those primitive days, the ox did the greater part of the work connected with farming. The almost universal use of the horse for domestic purposes is a modern innovation in this region. Twenty or twenty-five years ago, it was a very common thing to see six or eight yoke of oxen with an empty wagon attached, coming to town. It looked a little extravagant, and a waste of power; but remember, when men were breaking prairie then, there were no pastures to put cattle into, and, if the plow needed repairs, the whole force had to go with it.

"The first sod that yielded to the plowshare in this township was about where Green street is located, and commenced at the creek and ran east to where stands those cottonwood trees in the road, north of S. G. Franks, a distance of three-quarters of a mile. There were no cottonwood trees there then; those trees are of later growth. The Indian must have thought that the world was being turned upside down, as he witnessed the rolling-over of the prairie sod. Little did his untutored mind contemplate the great process of civilization that was being begun. Little did he dream that that was the beginning of a process that, in a short time, would change the productions of the soil of this valley, from grass that was used only to kindle the prairie fire, to fields of golden grain for the use of man and beast, and help develop this Western country and give it the grand name, 'the granary of the world.'

"These were the times that tried men's souls some and women's more. We can hardly imagine the deprivations these pioneers must have endured, their nearest neighbor being ten miles away. No saloons to visit, no store in which to lounge, no dry-goods boxes on which to sit and whittle, no school, no taxation (what a comfort), no milliner to charm and fascinate with bonnets in the four seasons' latest styles, no dressmaker to fit the human form divine and make it a little more divine, no tailor to make your suits in the latest fashion, no barber to shave the down from the anxious youth's lip or color the mustache of the veteran who would disguise age with youth's beauty. They were a distinct people, and except the Indians and wild beasts, there were 'none to molest or make afraid.' When the scanty supply of provisions they had brought with them was exhausted, they were compelled to retrace their steps along the log-beaten track they had made to the settlement in Jackson County, purchase grain and go to Dubuque to have it ground. There was honey in the land, but no locust with heavenly manna scattered by the bountiful hand of Omnipotence. The staff of life must be brought from afar. Fourteen persons were thus to be fed, where no raven proclaimed the interposition of Providence, and no supernatural power produced food with which to maintain life. Energy, decision and firmness were necessary to provide sustenance, when situated so remote from the haunts of civilized life.

This isolation could be endured in summer; but when winter came with its icy desolation, and the earth was covered with the white frost of crystallization, lonely indeed must have been this immigrant band. The log-beaten track obliterated by the fallen snow, and communication with those distant neighbors made exceedingly hazardous. Disease invaded the realm of this people the first year, and a little child a year old was taken from the parental embrace to fields of everlasting light. It was a pioneer from this section to the unknown realm of immortal glory. It was the first link in an ever-lengthening chain that binds Wyoming to heaven. A little grave was dug near Mr. Hanna's residence, and there silently was borne the mortal remains of David Pence's child. A few friends gathered around that silent grave and dropped the grief-laden tear upon the rude coffin. No minister with uncovered head, in priestly garb or sacerdotal robes, stood there to pour the oil of consolation into those wounded hearts. No lesson was enforced on the brevity of life or the evanescence of things sublunary, no finger pointed heavenward, no voice proclaimed, 'Suffer little children to come unto Me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of heaven.' There, on that ridge of land running out into the prairie like a promontory into the ocean, was this grave made. The mother followed a few years later; the father afterward gave his life to his country, and no brother or sister is left to shed tears of sorrow over the unmarked grave of this first victim of the relentless destroyer. I will add, no doctor tried to assist Nature's recuperative powers, and you may say, if you like, that the death was probably natural.

FIRST SCHOOLHOUSE

"The first schoolhouse in the township was built half a mile east of S. G. Franks' residence, in 1844. The size was 12x14 feet, and was made of logs. Silas Garrison was the teacher, the number of scholars seven, the price was $8 a month, the teacher boarding himself. The Indians were much delighted with school, and would often go in to visit it, and, I suppose, note its progress. They seemed to be superintendents of the institution generally, and after becoming satisfied with its workings, would give the Indian grunt and leave.

FIRST STORE

"The first store opened in the township was where Daniel Cooley now lives, or in a framed building standing in front of his present fine residence. The merchant was M. Q. Simpson, and, I think, he was once Sheriff of the county. There was talk at that time of laying out a town at that place, but like many such projects in the West, ended in talk. That part of Jones County now embraced in the townships of Washington, Clay, Scotch Grove, Madison and Wyoming, was first organized under the name of Clay Precinct, and the first election held at Abraham Hostetters, on Farm Creek, north of Walter's Mills. I have been informed that at the third election there were twenty-one votes polled from the territory now constituting the five townships before mentioned.

ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIP

"Pierce Township was organized April 3, 1854, at the house of William Stuart, now the residence of John Lamey. I judge from the town records that the organization of a township was a very simple affair. The electors of what is now Wyoming Township assembled at the house of Mr. Stuart, according to previous notice. From what authority the notice emanated, I know not, but it was called for the purpose of organizing a township and holding one of the semi-annual elections. The meeting was called to order, and the venerable Nathan Potter, who died in the summer of the present year (1879), at eighty-six years of age, was called to the chair. He was a man of sterling integrity and genuine worth. He moved into this township from Jackson County in 1853; was formerly from Ohio. He leaves within our borders one son, James Potter, and one daughter, the wife of E. M. Franks. The electors then proceeded to the election of Judges of Election, which resulted in the choice of Thomas Green, William Stuart and George Vaughn. Thomas Green, a native of New York, moved from Indiana to Jones County, and settled in the Big Woods in 1840. He attended the first land sale held in the Territory, at Dubuque. In 1852, Mr. Green moved in this township and bought William Knight's claim for the sum of $1,340. This claim consisted of a log house and the frame of a new house, standing on the flat, north of J. B. Wherry's barn, with eighty acres of land fenced and twenty-five acres broke, and all the land that joined him. Mr. Green moved the frame of that house on to the hillside, completed it and lived in it nearly twenty years. In it he probably entertained as many persons with prodigal hospitality as any man in the township. That house is still doing service as the residence of H. H. Peck, in Madison Township. Mr. Green entered the land on which is located the town of Wyoming in 1852. He soon became the most extensive farmer in Wyoming, and brought into the township the first reaper.

It was one of McCormick's best, a huge thing, painted blue. Its reel rolled around and looked like an ancient, ponderous overshot wheel. It was vastly superior to the Armstrong reaper, that had been in use so long before. It took four horses to draw that machine, but in its track was left the smooth stubble and the well-arranged gavel. Mr. Green is the only survivor of those three Judges of that first election. He recently went West. George Vaughn, the father of Philander Vaughn, died the same year, on the farm now owned by Elizabeth Aldrich. He came to this town in 1853 from Ohio. William Stuart went to California several years ago, where he died. He came to this town from Ohio in 1853. The Clerks of that election were Hezekiah Moore and L. W. Stewart. The former was at one time engaged in the mercantile business in this town and now lives in Canton. The latter is the proprietor of the Keystone Mills, and has been honored by the people in Jackson County with a seat in both branches of the State Legislature. After the election and qualification of these officers, the election was held for State Superintendent of Public Instruction, County Fund Commissioner and township officers. Nathan Potter was the first Assessor, and Seaborn Moore and W. H. Holmes, Justices of the Peace; R. Durgin, A. J. Perrin and Samuel Conally were the first Trustees; Hezekiah Moore was the Township Clerk; Sedley C. Bill and Thomas Silsbie, Constables. The number of votes polled was sixty-three. Of that number, two have gone West, twenty are in the vicinity and twenty-seven have joined that throng going to the pale realms of shade. The record of the subsequent elections tells its own story of the rapid settlement of the township. In 1855, there were 109; in 1856, there were 166; in 1859, there were 184, indicating an aggregate gain in three years of 600 people in a single township. Elections were then held twice a year. They doubtless considered them a good thing, a sort of holiday, and it seems a little strange that while they were enjoying this inherent right of an American citizen to such an extent that they did not extend that right to the females. This is the only evidence I have seen of selfishness on the part of early settlers.

"I have not been able to discover any reason why the township was called Pierce, but suppose it was from the fact that Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire, was at that time President of the United States, and a majority of the voters were Democrats and they desired to magnify his great name, and, hence, called the township Pierce. The position the President assumed in reference to the Missouri Compromise line and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, alienated many of his former friends and exasperated his former opponents, and may have been, in part, the real reason why the name was changed in order to blot his name from the future records of the township. In the winter of 1856-57, a petition was circulated and numerously signed, to have the name of the township changed. The petition was sent to Judge Holmes, he being the Representative from this county, who introduced a bill in the Legislature to have the same changed from Pierce to Wyoming.

* * * * * * * * * *

Compared with Wyoming, Maquoketa and Anamosa are quite ancient towns, and a distance of forty miles intervenes. There was an actual necessity for the location of a town between the places to accommodate the mechanical, manufacturing and commercial wants of a large section of country that would soon resound with the activities of various industries. Land-sharks and speculators had often looked upon the possessions of Thomas Green with covetous eyes, as a natural place to build a town, being equidistant from the towns mentioned, while north and south there was hardly a town between Dubuque and Davenport. Before the town of Wyoming was located, building had commenced in anticipation of such an event. The main road, and, in fact, the only road in this vicinity as traveled, was from east to west, and was a continuation of the road from the top of the hill at Mr. Elwood's, east across the north end of our cemetery and north of J. B. Wherry's orchard, and connected with the road running south of R. B. Hanna's farm. In 1854, on this road near the corner of J. B. Wherry's orchard, William P. L. Russell (now in Chicago), built a small building in which he lived and kept a store. I don's suppose his stock of goods was equal to that of the late A. T. Stewart, of New York, or that of Field, Leiter & Co., of Chicago, but he did sell sixteen pounds of sugar for $1, and not very good sugar either. About one year previous to this, William H. Vaughn had built a blacksmith-shop a little north of Russell's store, on the southeast corner of Barton Loomis' farm. You will readily see that the two first buildings erected in Wyoming were not in Wyoming at all; you will also see that the first buildings were for business. This embryo town was called Marshfield, after one C. J. Marsh, who was represented to have influence with a railroad company, then in its formative stage. A post office was established, also called Marshfield, and Mr. Russell duly installed Postmaster. Thus, with Mr. Green's house for a hotel, Mr. Russell's for a store and post office, and Vaughn's blacksmith-shop, the town was a fixed fact and almost a Western city. Strange as it may seem, with all these evidences of a town, men would pass through this hatching city just emerging from its prairie shell, and not see it or hear its business peep. John Tasker, living on his farm three miles north of here, accidentally heard of a town, not far away, having sprung up almost by magic. One day he thought he would go down to Marshfield and see the town, transact a little business and become acquainted with the business men of the place, and, if possible, learn how soon his farm would be engulfed in the growing city. So ornamenting his shoulders with a plow-lay to be sharpened, and his pockets full of letters to be mailed, he started off across the prairie on foot.

"Wrapped in thought and lost in meditative mood, he passed along through the town without seeing hotel, post office, shop or store till he arrived at the residence of A. W. Pratt. Here he called, and in Scotch accents inquired the road to Marshfield. Mrs. Pratt, with a broad smile, told him he had just passed through the town. She little thought, as that smile wore away, that she had been laughing in the face of one of Wyoming's future statesmen.

The public highway being north of Mr. Green's house and building beginning there, with the subsequent laying-out of the town where it is, explains why Mr. Green's barn always seemed to be in the front yard of his old house. It was supposed then that the town would be built on the ground occupied in the year 1877 for the Fourth of July celebration. In 1854, the Iowa Central Air-Line Railroad Company was organized with S. S. Jones, of Illinois, as President. Starting from Sabula, on the Mississippi River, a line was looked up running to Maquoketa, thence to Anamosa, Marion and west to the Missouri River. Application was made to Congress for assistance, by way of a land grant, which was obtained in the spring of 1856, and Lyons made the point from which to leave the Mississippi River. Everything now seemed to be on the high-road to prosperity in the whole country that was to be tributary to the business of this contemplated road. Land advanced in price, and he who had a few forties was soon to be a millionaire, while he who had an eligible town site possessed a golden Mecca, where those who worshiped at Mammon's shrine would congregate and fill his pockets with gold in exchange for land in parsimonious parcels. A corps of engineers had been over the line proposed and permanently located it, and the valley of the Big Bear Creek was considered the route.

"J. A. Bronson, from Wyoming County, N. Y., visited this section in June, 1854, and bought of Thomas Green the present town site at $14 per acre, and, with his brother, B. K. Bronson, and C. J. Marsh, laid out the town of Wyoming in the winter of 1855, intending to call it Marshfield. People abroad not knowing why it was called Marshfield, thought it must be a wet, marshy country, and the name on that account was a little obnoxious. Emigrants were pouring into the State by thousands, all intent upon locating in the best town or on the best lands. Bronson would go away from home and meet people looking for places to settle. He would, in glowing terms, represent to them the advantages of this town and the beautiful country around. It was wonderful to see the enthusiasm he would manifest in describing the beauty and fertility of his chosen spot. It was painful to see his disappointment and chagrin when they would timidly ask 'If the name of his town indicated the general condition of the country?' The disappointed look soon changed to one of indignation as he almost fiercely replied, 'No, sir.' 'The poet,' said he, 'may sing "What's in a name," if he choose, but, unless we change the name of our town, its prospects will be ruined.' Wyoming, Waverly and Westfield were suggested. Some said, 'Call the town Bronson,' and James A. quickly replied, 'I am too modest for that.' Bronson favored Wyoming. He had lived in its fertile valley, and his childhood's home was associated with its euphonious memories in the far East. It was familiar both in history and song. In history it is connected with one of the bloodiest massacres in the annals of American barbarity, while in song it is commemorated in sweetest melodies. These were the reasons why the name of the town was changed and Wyoming substituted for Marshfield. It was never recorded as Marshfield, but by common consent was to be called and known by that name. I was speaking of the Old Air-Line Railroad, but digressed a little to speak of Wyoming and its name. In the summer of 1856, work was commenced along the whole line, from a few miles west of here to the Mississippi River. To do this work there came quite an army of sturdy laborers with pick and shovel, with scraper and cart. They were ready to make the 'crooked straight and the rough places smooth,' upon which to lay the iron track for the hoofless steed, as with panting breath he should obey the commands of commerce and respond to dictates of the hurried traveler. On Pleasant Ridge there grew a mushroom town. There was a hotel, a shop and store and many shanties, too. Irishmen with wit and brogue were as thick as fiddlers are said to be in Tophet's roar. The winter was terrible, the cold exceedingly severe. Horses died from exposure and were taken to the 'dump,' the engineer computing their value by the yard. Toes, fingers and noses were frozen and strong men cried as they were hurried to the cut and dump.

        "' Money became scarce, our hopes to zero dropped;
        The price of land and corner lots fell;
        And envy said: "That's Wyoming's knell."'
"We saw the laborers 'lay down the shovel and the hoe;' we witnessed the departure of long lines of carts and shanties piled thereon, while something    seemed to say:
        "' The Old Air Line is dead,
        And Bronson's hopes have fled.'

"The town on Pleasant Ridge was gone, and of all that busy throng who labored there, there are left but the Lameys-Michael, Thomas and John. Of those who labored in the valley, and made yonder grass-covered roadbed, there is left but one-John Gorman, one of Hale's wealthy and enterprising farmers. S. S. Jones, of Illinois, was the President of that railroad company, and his course in connection therewith was the subject of much animadversion along the line of the contemplated road. He afterward became a spiritualist, and was shot some months ago in Chicago, by the husband of his alleged paramour. Whether his apparent duplicity was intentional, accidental, or unavoidable, I am not prepared to say. But if he was guilty of one-half of the misdemeanors alleged, he is probably sojourning where an interview would be very uncomfortable.

"I said the town of Wyoming was laid out in the winter of 1855. In February of that year, A. G. Brown brought the first load of lumber into the town. It was for J. M. Smith & Chapin, who had made arrangements to build a cabinet-shop, and for this purpose built a part of what is now the Valley House. It was raised the 15th day of April, and Ogden's old store building, on the corner opposite, was raised on the 17th day of May. When completed, it was occupied by J. A. Bronson as a store. Neal Brainard & Son built the back part of what is now the Bissell House the same year. These were the first three buildings in the town. Then Russell moved his store over. Many will recollect the building when I state that it was the one occupied by the Rev. Peter Woodard as a cooper-shop in after years, and stood between D. E. Brainard's house and Irving Green's old drug-store. During this summer, Mr. Russell built a house that looked some like a grain car, a little west of George Milner's. A man by the name of Corliss built a house on the lot now owned by C. A. Wildy. Compared with its base, its altitude was fearful. H. C. Gleason built part of the house of Mr. Shibley. The Hood mansion was built in the fall of the same year. It was built for a hotel, and was kept by John Wright. It stood on Main street, opposite John A. White's residence. A blacksmith-shop was built on the vacant lot of Mrs. Perkins. Early in the history of Wyoming, there was manifested a commendable interest in the education of the young. On the first Monday in May, 1855, the electors of School District No. 4, Pierce Township, met for the purpose of choosing officers for the ensuing year. The district then embraced a large extent of territory. The records show that A. G. Brown was elected Secretary, and A. W. Pratt, Treasurer. From this latter circumstance, I judge that a part of Madison Township was included in the school district. At that first meeting, the electors resolved to build a schoolhouse. At an adjourned meeting, it was resolved that said schoolhouse should be located between the west line of Pierce Township and Bear Creek, and near the line dividing J. A. Bronson's and Thomas Green's land, and should not cost to exceed $500. The 28th of August following, the contract for building was awarded to W. J. Brainard, he being the lowest bidder, for the sum of $580. At a subsequent meeting of the electors of the district, this action was ratified, and the schoolhouse was to be completed by the 1st of November. It was located on the corner east of W. T. Fordham's residence, and was a very plain, barn-like structure. It served a twofold purpose, viz., as an institution of learning and a house of worship. The first winter, W. H. Alden taught the young idea how to shoot. The number of scholars was fifty-nine, and they came from the Wapsi's stormy banks, the mineral prairies of the north, and from Madison City on the west, then Wyoming's formidable rival. Here they were taught the mysteries of science by the Massachusetts teacher. He has since turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, and his broad acres of well-tilled fields, commodious house and capacious barns tell us of his success in other departments than as an educator. Meetings were held in that house sometimes day and night. That winter there was a powerful revival.

Stevenson was the Methodist preacher in charge, and he called to his aid Gospel men of local notoriety in other parts of the township. The interest became so great that the school was suspended for a time, so there might be held meetings during the day. The schoolhouse was the only house of worship for five or six years, and on Sunday it was kept warm from early morn till late at night, to give different persuasions time to preach the Gospel, ventilate their creeds, and dwell upon their peculiar dogmas. There were represented two branches of the Presbyterians, the Methodist, and United Brethren, with an occasional discourse from some other denomination. They seemed to mix up very harmoniously, and why should they not? They had in view one object, actuated by one hope, stimulated by one faith, they looked forward to one everlasting home. In matters of belief and church, they seemed to act upon the maxim. 'You compliment my dogma and I will compliment yours,' and all was harmonious. I recollect one sermon in particular that I heard in that old schoolhouse; the subject was 'Hades.' I give the preacher's own pronunciation, but I have heard scholars say that 'Ha-des' is correct. With classic lore he told of the Greek derivation of the word, and in graphic phrase pictured death, the grave and the invisible beyond. It made a wonderful impression upon me, which was dispelled the next day when I accidentally discovered him borrowing a load of wood from a neighboring grove without liberty. Yet I think he ought not to be censured, for the winter was cold and the brethren had neglected to furnish the necessary material to keep him and his helpless children warm. I mention this incident not as being a reproach upon the preacher, but to teach the brethren a useful moral lesson, viz., that ministers, though warmed within by grace divine, need something more material with which to warm their shins and cook their dinner. In the spring of 1864, a small addition was made to the schoolhouse, and, in the spring of 1867, it was burned to the ground and all the people said amen. During that summer, the present school building was erected at a cost of nearly $9,000, including the lots on which it stands. It is more useful than ornamental. During the summer of 1856, there was built Mrs. McClure's house, Irving Green's drug store, Haines' old store building, Newcomb Williams' house, Chester Johnson's blacksmith-shop. Where Phil Alberry lives, Thomas Taylor built Swigart's house; Roach, Miss Julia McClure's house; Cook, the lower part of Mr. Close's house, Haines' house, Lowell's blacksmith-shop, now Grindrod's, John White's house, the house that stood in front of Spitzer's new residence, and the house where Ned Luke recently lived; the two latter were built by the Rev. 'Fillibuster' Walker. Rev. Horace Holmes built on the lot where Mr. Peck resides, the old house having been moved, and is now owned by Mr. Wilkins. My old house was built, now owned by Frank Richards. The same summer William P. L. Russell and J. A. Bronson commenced building the Bronson Block, now owned by Spitzer & Bronson, and nearly completed the walls before winter. The uncertain condition of the railroad prospects and the hard times were a serious blow to Wyoming. Bronson's Block stood like an old haunted castle. People thought there must be a railroad or there would be no town, and it was several years before prosperity seemed to perch upon our banner. The financial crisis of 1857 found the people struggling under an incubus of debt incurred in time of prosperity. The stringency of the money market, the low prices of all kinds of agricultural products, put an embargo upon most contemplated improvements.

Next Page ...

History, Biographies, Stories, News

Û History of Jones County, Iowa

Western Historical Company, 1879.

CHURCHES

FIRST BURIAL IN THE ANAMOSA CEMETERY

ANAMOSA CEMETERY ASSOCIATION

ST. PATRICK'S LITERARY AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETY

WESTERN SICK BENEFIT ASSOCIATION

ANAMOSA SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION

ANAMOSA ART ASSOCIATION

SECRET SOCIETIES

ANAMOSA DRIVING-PARK ASSOCIATION

WATER-WORKS

FIRE DEPARTMENT

FIRES

STONE QUARRIES NEAR ANAMOSA

THE PIONEER TOBACCO RAISERS OF IOWA

LIQUOR CONFISCATION

MARRIAGE INCIDENT

EDMUND BOOTH

MONTICELLO TOWNSHIP

EARLY HISTORY

OFFICIAL ROSTER

MONTICELLO IN 1879

EDUCATIONAL

THE PRESS

CHURCHES

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION

WATER-WORKS

FIRE DEPARTMENT

SECRET SOCIETIES

ASSOCIATIONS

JONES COUNTY MILITIA COMPANY

JONES COUNTY AGRICULTURL SOCIETY

THE PRINCIPAL FIRES

WYOMING TOWNSHIP

EARLY REMINISCENCES OF WYOMING AND VICINITY

FIRST SCHOOLHOUSE

FIRST STORE

ORGANIZATION OF THE TOWNSHIP