Iowa
Old Press
THE SIDNEY ARGUS - HERALD
Sidney, Fremont County, Iowa
May 7, 1936
Laura E. Clark
Laura E. Martin was born August 4, 1849 in Athens county, Ohio.
She passed away April 30, 1936 at the ripe old age of 86 years 8
months and 26 days. With her widowed mother, one sister and three
brothers she came to Iowa by covered wagon in 1855 and located on
a farm in Fremont county, just north of Sidney, and there she
grew to womanhood. In her early life she united with the
Presbyterian church and continued in that relation for many years
but in her later years she transferred her membership to the
Hillsdale Methodist church of which she was a faithful member the
rest of her life. It will be remembered that she suffered a
broken hip last November which with complications that later set
in resulted in her death. In the year of 1878 she was married to
John W. Ruse who passed away in November, 1891.To this union four
children were born. David, the odest son, died in January, 1895
at the age of 18 years. The surviving children are Mrs. Walter
Hilton and Charles Ruse of Glenwood, and Richard Ruse of Malvern.
She also gave a mother's care to a stepdaughter, Celora Ruse, who
died in August, 1892. Besides these she leaves 11 grandchildren
and one brother, C. W. Martin of Sidney and a nuimber of other
relatives. On October 18, 1899, she was united in marriage to
Oscar A. Clark. They located on a farm near Randolph where they
lived until Mr. Clark's death in July 1916. In January, 1920 she
went to make her home with her daughter, Mrs.Hilton, where she
has lived contentedly and received the tenderest care a until she
entered her long sleep last Thursday morning. Mother Clark was a
great lover of home and found her greatest happiness in her
association with her loved ones for whom she was always ready to
make any sacrifice. Her unselfish nature will always be deeply
cherished by those most intimately associated with her. The
funeral was held at the Hilton home Saturday at 2:00 p.m. with
the Rev. T. J. Pettit, her pastor in charge. Burial was made in
the Sidney cemetery.
[transcribed by W.F., April 2008]
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THE SIDNEY ARGUS - HERALD
Sidney, Fremont co., Iowa
May 14, 1936
-- Mrs. Paul Armstrong is the granddaughter of Mrs. Sarah VanDyke
of Shelton, Nebraska.--Randolph News
-- J. W. Dilts is the father of Mrs. Mayme Spaulding of Marble
Rock.--Randolph news
-- Mrs. G. M. Hatfield is the mother of Mrs. Gene Kilpatrick and
of Mrs. Bruce Church of Omaha.--Randolph News
-- Mrs. Cyntha Penn is the mother of Mrs. T. H. Martin.--Randolph
news
Funeral services were held at the home Sunday afternoon for
Elijah S. Lucas who died Friday after a long period of failing
health. Mr. Lucas was a pioneer in the real sense of the term,
having been born in Fremont county and spending practically all
his 81 years in this locality. The farm home located between
Randolph and Anderson has for many years been outstanding for its
spirit of friendliness and hospitality. A wife, two sons, Loren
of Anthon, Iowa, and Earl of Omaha, and two daughters, Ida and
Mrs. Vern Bolding, both of Randolph, survive, all of whom were
privileged to be present at the services and also to visit or
help care for him during his last days. There are also two
grandchildren and one great grandchild. Rev. Peter Jacobs of
Shenandoah, a personal friend of the family, had charge of the
services and the body was laid to rest in the Randolph cemetery.
A large number of relatives and friends from the surrounding
vicinity were in attendance at the services. About six years ago
Mr. and Mrs. Lucas celebrated their golden wedding anniversary.
(Randolph News)
[transcribed by W.F., June 2007]
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SIDNEY ARGUS - HERALD
Sidney, Fremont co., Iowa
May 21, 1936
VISITORS HAVE VIEW OF CCC CAMP LIFE
On Sunday, May 17, the CCC camp held open house and received
visitors from the entire county and several small groups from
surrounding counties, numbering approximately 150 persons. The
visitors were received at camp headquarters by the camp
commander, Capt. F.B. Millson, and then conducted in groups, with
guides through the entire camp. The route included the
HEADQUARTERS of the soil conservation service, where L. E.
Kuester, camp superintendent, and his assistants, Messrs.
McMillan, Collins, Heidt, Henry and McAdon, explained the various
features of the work done by the camp personnel in the field, and
gave the visitors some idea of the extent of the various
projects. From the SCS headquarters the visitors were conducted
through the COMPANY SUPPLY ROOM, then to the GARAGE, WORKSHOP and
TOOL ROOM, where Thurman Spears, chief mechanic, explained in
detail, the maintenance work done in camp. The guests were then
taken through the RECREATION BUILDING, which contains the camp
exchange, game room and reading room, and in the latter place
were given a very informative and instructive talk by C. W.
Mozan, educational adviser, explaining some of the twenty-odd
subjects that are being taught in the camp EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM in
the CCC camps. The various groups then went to the MESS HALL
where they inspected the kitchen and store rooms and where
lemonade and home-made doughnuts were served, and congregated
there for a time, during which short programs were given by
various members of the camp. There was a double quartet, a
clarinet solo, and a novelty duet, composed of harmonica and
guitar. All of the music was directed by the CAMP MUSIC teacher,
Miss Corrie. As the guests were leaving camp they were conducted
through the company street and had an opportunity of inspecting
the BARRACKS in which the men live. The first sergeant, Archie
Stanton, explained in detail the regulations by which the company
is governed and pointed out the method in which various items of
clothing and equipment are kept by the individual reponsible for
them. The visit was the first ever made to a CCC camp by many of
the guests and many favorable comments were heard concerning
living conditions and quarters of the men and the neatness and
cleanliness of the camp in general.
Senior Class of 1936
Agnes ABBOTT, Margaret ANDERSON, Georgia BALLARD, Ruth BARNES,
Jack BENJAMIN, Coylamae BIRKBY, Robert C. BIRKBY, Ruth BLAIR,
Lowell BLISS, James CARLISLE, John C. CATLIN, Melvina CHANTRY,
Dick COOK, Evelyn CORRIE, Jean CRAWFORD, Jean ESTES, Dorothy
GARDNER, Vada GOODIN, Marian GORE, William HANING, Russell
HATTEN, Stanley HOBBS, Anita INMAN, Leeman JACKSON, Ray JOHNSON,
Everett KEARNS, Edna Marie McCLUSKEY, John ORTON, Jess OTTE, Tom
OTTE, Doris PICKENS, Verland PIERSON, Mildred POLK, Max PULLMAN,
Ethel ROUTSON, Claude SANDERS, Bill SHEPHERD, Irene SHIRLEY,
Velma SIMPSON, Janice SNYDER, Lyle TAYLOR, Gerald TRITSCH, Louise
VAN NESS, Drucilla WEBSTER, & Fred YOUNG
Obituary
Geneva C. Hoyt, daughter of Mr.and Mrs. Nelson Hoyt, was born at
Percival November 12, 1871, and death came to her at St. Mary's
hospital at Nebraska City Sunday evening at 5:00 o'clock,
following an illness of six weeks. She was married November 13,
1895, to Amos A. McElroy at Percival, who survives with two
children, Hoyt McElroy of Hamburg, and Mrs. Mildred Landis of
Nebraska City. Other surviving relatives are three grandchildren;
five sisters -- Mrs. E. G. Keyser of Madelia, Minnesota; Mrs.
Wilbur Simons of Hamburg; Mrs. A.H. McDougal and Mrs.H. E.
Johnston of Cheyenne, Wyoming; Mrs. Grace Woodhouse of Corydon.
Mrs. McElroy attended the Methodist church since girlhood, and at
the time of her death as a member of the Nebraska City Methodist
church. Ever active in church and community activities, her
passing is mourned by all who knew her. Funeral services were
held at the home near Percival Tuesday afternoon
with Dr. Fletcher M. Sisson of Nebraska City officiating.
Interment was made in the Thurman cemetery.
SCHOOLMATES RELIVE DAYS OF YESTERYEAR
A reunion of former teachers, pupils and friends was held Sunday
at McIntyre schoolhouse in Walnut township. Three hundred
attended. A basket dinner at noon was followed by a program in
the afternoon, consisting of community singing, readings and
talks.Rev. Peter Jacobs of Shenandoah was the principal speaker
of the afternoon and brought out a number of interesting facts in
regard to the history of the school and community. McIntyre
schoolhouse was built in 1871. Mrs.Henry Ross, teacher some 48
years ago, and (Mrs. Lizzie Derr Comstock, who taught there 44
years ago, were among the oldtime teachers present. C. J. Hunter
of Sidney, I. W. McIntyre, H. J. Ross, Mrs.J. B. Farwell of the
immediate locality, and J. N. Reade of Sidney were among the
older pupils. Mrs. Stella Daland, county superintendent, gave an
interesting account of the activities of the school during her
tenure of office. Other former teachers present on this occasion
were:
Mrs. J. H. Scott
Mrs. Ellen Oldfield
Mrs. Rena Higgins
Mrs. Cora McIntyre Bryte
Mrs. Jesse McIntyre
Mrs. Hal McMahon
Mrs. Gertrude Miller
Miss Addie Martin
Miss Lydia Tyner
Miss Ardyth Mc Mahon, present teacher.
Among the older friends and pupils were:
Mrs. Augusta Benson Daland of Lincoln
Mr. and Mrs. Fayette Daland of Lincoln
Mr. and Mrs. Joe Cummings of Shenandoah
Mrs. William Cummings of Shenandoah
W. F. Ferrel of Randolph
J. E. Gee of Shenandoah
Mr. and Mrs. John J. Head of Imogene.
Mr. and Mrs. F. F. Hopkins of Shenandoah
D. Y. Hunter of Sidney
Dr. William Kerr of Randolph
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas McMahon of Shenandoah
Mr. and Mrs. Jim Reade of Sidney
Mr. and Mrs. Glen Thomas of Randolph
Mrs. Kathryn Thomas of Shenandoah
Mr. and Mrs. Jess Tilema of Hilda, Missouri
Mrs. Jessie Walser of Shenandoah
----
-- J. T. Barrett, deceased, was the father of Mrs. Charlie Malone
of California.--Percival News
-- Mrs. May DeFreece is the sister of Gib Furbush, whose son Rex
died Tuesday
-- Mrs. Ross Graham is a sister of Melvin Burr, who is to marry
Etta, daughter of Henry Holtgren of Nebraska City.-- Percival
News
-- Mrs. Amos McElroy is the mother of Mrs. Clement Landis of
Nebraska City. Miss Dorothy McElroy is a cousin of Mrs.
Landis.--Percival News
-- Mrs. Carrie Sheldon is the mother of Dr. John Sheldon of Ann
Arbor, Michigan, and of March Sheldon.--Percival News
[transcribed by W.F., June 2007, February 2008 & April 2008]
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SHENANDOAH GAZETTE
Shenandoah, Fremont Co., Iowa
May 22, 1936
McIntyre School Reunion Revives History of Community From
Days of Mud Seminary
Sunday, May 17, was a big day for the McIntyre rural school,
northwest of Shenandoah. A picnic dinner at noon, a program,
reunion of teachers and scholars, historic information, were the
striking features for the day. Several hundred people took
advantage of renewing fellowships of other days. Miss Ardyth
McMahon, teacher of the school, who continues her work for
another year, with the help of others, carried out a most
successful program. Twelve former teachers were present:
Mrs. Cora (Hand) Bright of Farragut
Mrs. Lizzie (Doerr) Comstock of Riverton. She taught here 44
years ago.
Mrs.Gertrude (Ross) Graves of Farragut
Mrs. Rena (Thomas) Higgins of Farragut.
Addie Martin of Farragut
Mrs. Flo (McMahon) McIntyre of Farragut
Mrs. Forrest (Thomas) McMahon of Farragut
Ellen Oldfield of Shenandoah
Mrs. Annie B. (Miller) Ross of Farragut: Mrs. Ross taught the
school 56 years ago, and was pleased to greet seven of her former
pupils at this reunion.
Mrs. Cora (Ross) Scott of Farragut.
Lydia Tyner of Shenandoah
MUD SEMINARY FIRST SCHOOL
The first school in the community was the log school house known
as Mud Seminary. The only person in the community who attended
this place was Marion (Deacon) High, who on account of illness,
was not able to be present.
The next school was known as the Singleton school, built of
native cottonwood lumber. It stood just across the road north of
the Henry Fisher home, now owned by Mrs. A. J. McIntyre.
The Rising Star school house, better known as the McIntyre
school, probably was built some time after Walnut township was
organized, Jan. 7, 1871. Frank Allison of Sidney, was the
contractor. George McIntyre helped in its construction. W. D.
Jenkins, father of Mrs. John Ross, Sr., painted the new school
building. He moved into the community in the fall of 1871. But
two people at the reunion had attended the Singleton school, Mrs.
Augusta Daland of Lincoln, Neb., and James N. Reade, Sidney hotel
man.
CITE TEACHERS
Mrs. Morton Graves gave a history of the school. Mrs. Augusta
Daland mentioned, among the teachers who taught in the Singleton
school where she attended, the following: Walter Mason, Rosetta
Cox, Henry Singleton, Etta Radikin, Edgar Farlow. Teachers of the
McIntyre school whom she remembered, were:
J. A. Beghtol
Susie Butts
A.F. Daland
E. J. Farlow
Mrs. Levi Gammon
Elizabeth Gilchrist
Effie Grey
Addie Martin
E.N.Milligan
Joseph Rockefiled
Lida Singleton
Eva Swain
Anna Wilson
P. H. Wilson
Not one of the teachers had ever taught in a log school house.
Dr. William Kerr of Randolph, had the distinction of having
taught in a sod school house in Nebraska.
WALNUT TOWNSHIP ORGANIZED 1871
Rev. Peter Jacobs, in his address, brought out the fact that
Walnut township, according to the Fremont county history of 1881,
was not organized until Jan. 7, 1871. Previous to that time, it
was a part of Monroe township, said to have been organized in
February 1855. The Chambers cemetery, now known as the Singleton
cemetery, probably was set apart for a general burial ground by
Ezekial Chambers, when his wife died May 31, 1857. It is said
that her services were held in the Mud Seminary log school house.
How much earlier this first school of the community had been
built, no one seems to know.
McINTYRE FAMILY CAME 1870
The McIntyre family came to Fremont county in the fall of 1870,
from Dane county, Wisconsin. Oliver E. McIntyre, and his
son-in-law, Peter Benson, had come in advance to purchase land.
His daughter, Mrs. Norton Inman, and her family had already
located in this section. The McIntyres who came at the time,
besides the father and mother, were George McIntyre and family,
Lydia (Mrs. Peter Benson) and family, Arthur J. McIntyre, Ollie
McIntyre and Will T. McIntyre. Of the immediate Oliver E.
McIntyre family, but one is living, Will T. McIntyre, who, with
his wife enjoyed the occasion immensely. Will was a lad of ten at
the time the family located. They came from Wisconsin in covered
wagons.
COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS SPEAK
Mrs. Stella Daland county superintendent of Fremont county, gave
a short talk. Mrs. Peter Jacobs, former county superintendent,
also was present. As the roll call of teachers, prepared in story
form by Mrs. Harvey Scott, was read, each teacher was seated.
Some of the program features were the welcome by Billy Henning;
reading by Hope Henning and Catherine Harbin; solos by Glee Palm
and Patsy Thomas. These school reunions are reviving much
interest in the early history of the schools and of the
community.
[transcribed by W.F., April 2008]
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SIDNEY ARGUS - HERALD
Sidney, Fremont co., Iowa
May 28, 1936
FREMONT AS SHE WAS SOME 80 YEARS AGO
-- E. C. Worcester, the writer of this article, is the last
living member of one of Iowa's oldest pioneer families and he
feels prompted to put on record a few interesting items and
incidents in this connection.
"The writer was born in a log house in the southwest part of
Fremont county 67years ago. My parents first set up housekeeping
in Sidney in 1854 in a little log house that still stands at the
northeast corner of the courthouse square, now occupied by Dr.
Humphrey. Of course, the house is now encased with
weatherboarding, but the deep door and sills and jambs tell the
tale of a log house within its walls.
"My father, David Worcester, was among the earliest of Iowa
settlers,having come into the state in 1836 - 1837 in the employ
of a French trader, who traded among the Indians. He came from
Massachusetts, from the old seaport of Salem, which in the days
of Captain Kidd was one of the sailing ports of that notorious
freebooter. As an apprenticed clerk in a grocery store when a
boy, he listened to the proverbial tales from the old salts of
the sailing vessels, and from travelers and adventurers in the
great midwest just then opening up. He chose the latter as his
field of adventure, resulting in his settling in Fremont county.
"While in the employ of the French trader, they were located
on the Des Moines river, and in the camp or village of the famous
Chief Blackhawk. This was just after the Blackhawk war and just
previous to the old chief's death. Keokuk, the civil chief, was
also in the village. The old chief usually occupied a seat in
front of his lodge in the early morning, enjoying the sunshine,
and would greet passersby with his friendly "How" as
they passed. This was about a year before Blackhawk's death which
occurred in 1838. Blackhawk was the war chief of the tribe while
Keokuk was the civil chief.
"The territory along the Des Moines river was a most
beautiful country, and father bought a hundred acres about where
the city of Des Moines now stands. He soon traded this for a
horse and saddle and, following a western urge, pushed his way
west and south to the little trading post of St. Joseph where he
secured work driving a freight wagon. This work brought him up
into Iowa and across the country to Kanesville, now Council
Bluffs, with a load of cured meats and other provisions. There
were no towns then between St. Joe and Kanesville.
"Coming from the state of Massachusetts, which was then
pushing into the milling and manufacturing industries, the
subject of our story turned his attention to such industries. The
western prairies were producing wool in abundance, with no wool
carder near to prepare it for market. After locating in Sidney,
father built a wool carder and operated it a few rods east of
where now stands the courthouse. The power for his wool carding
plant was furnished by a primitive tread power. A blind horse was
used for the purppose, although sometimes others were used.
Father secured a large dun colored horse named "Mike"
to furnish power for his plant. He was as tall as a man, and
endowed with unusual "horse sense." The faithful oxen
and horses of the pioneers were almost a part of the family, and
Mike was no exception.
"Father had taught school and was now, in connection with
his business as wool carder, a pioneer preacher and circuit
rider. Faithful old Mike was sometimes the means of conveyance to
preaching points. Deer were so numerous that as they sprang from
the path into the tall grass, spirited horses sometimes were
frightened and threw their riders. Old Mike's eyes were closed to
such trifles. Father and mother often rode Mike "
double" but mother said her difficulty was mounting, as the
horse was to tall. "Turned out to graze in the tall bluestem
grass that grew about Sidney, Mike, though blind, could always
make his way back home, except under one condition. When a fog
fell, or slipped up from the river, his sense of direction was
completely lost. But he did not lose his good horse sense. He
would stand still and send out the s. o. s. call of danger--a
loud whinney--and would keep it up till someone came to his
rescue.
"My parents later moved down on Spring creek near where the
village of Knox is now located. There father built a little grist
mill. It stood a few rods north of where now stands the Knox
church. For lack of sufficient water at times the mill ground
very slowly. When water was to be had the mill sometimes ran
night and day to meet the demand. It was patronized by settlers
over quite a territory, and by Indians as well.
"John McKinney, an early settler and who had a reputation
over the county as a well digger, gave Uncle Davy's mill a
lasting reputation for efficiency. After watching the mill
operate he reported that "Uncle Dave Worcester has a mighty
spunky little mill down on Spring creek. It cracks one grain of
corn and then jumps right onto another one." This saying of
McKinney's was given with his characteristic drawl which added
sparkle to the bit of humor.
"After moving to the valley father, with a company of
settlers. laid out a road from the mouth of the valley to Sidney,
which is the route in most part followed by the present graveled
highway. A turn northeast at the first rise took the road around
by a lone tree where later was built the Lone Tree school house.
The hill near the school house became known as the Lone Tree
hill. The hill was always a stumbling block to traffic in early
days. Heavy loaded wagons had to double team up the hill, and
" rough lock" in coming down. On its steepest yellow
clay pitch there usually could be found pieces of broken harness,
double-trees, log chains, etc. It was the best route, though that
could be found except by much grading, which later was done by a
new survey, and which is the present gravel road.
"The litttle log grist mill on the creek passed later into
the hands of John Hume, whose son, Oliver Hume, now lives just
west of Knox on the base line road. He informed us recently that
some of the logs of the old mill are on the premises where he
lives. It is our fixed purpose and plan that one of these days we
will put a handsaw in the car and call on Mr. Hume for the
purpose of obtaining a section of one of the logs. If he is at
home we are certain to get it; if he is not--well, it will be
just too bad.
"Later the mill was disposed of and my parents moved a
little father out on the bottoms where this writer was born. From
this point an extensive view of the broad Missouri river bottoms
was possible. To the westward was a slough or canebreak where the
grass was higher than a man's head on horseback. To this
canebreak the Indians would come for an annual hunt for deer. The
air, crisp and clear, permitted a clear view from the door of
every movement of the mounted hunters. Indians on their ponies
would first circle in long lines about the section of tall grass.
A small column of smoke would arise showing that the dry slough
grass had been set on fire. The fire would spread and black smoke
roll up in great columns, while the deer driven from their
shelter would scatter in every direction. The Indians wheeled and
circled, drove their ponies at full speed, as they chased and
killed the deer by various means. The whole scene was a grand
panorama, plain and clear, serving to break !the monotony of
frontier life.
"We had hard winters in those days. One of earliest
recollections in the connection was this exciting incident: We
were awakened in the early wintry morn by the dogs barking,
growling, running this way and that around the house. Then we
heard father shouting, and taking a timid peek from the window,
saw a pack of wolves being driven from the poultry house. They
were speeding away over the deep sleet covered snow.
"The old grist mill on Spring creek was the first building
in what afterwards was a thriving little village. In the early
'70s a little co-operative store was organized and put in charge
of William Leffler, a young man who had been a cripple from
childhood. The village blacksmith also took up his line of work
for the benefit of the community. The place was known as
"Lickskilltet".
"A little postoffice was later established and the town
renamed for the first postmaster, James Knox, who owned the place
known in Fremont county history as "the Knox Big
Spring." During the great rush in the '70's in Kansas,
Colorado and Nebraska, the little village was the favorite
camping ground for the great trains of covered wagons struggling
across the long trail. We have seen as many as 25 covered wagons
fall into line as the camp broke and the hopeful homeseekers
proceeded under the call to "go west, young man, go
west."
"Breaking of these camps was always interesting. There was
the greasing of wagons, harnessing of fresh young horses, dogs
barking, children scampering about in glad anticipation of what
was coming next. Among the first cartoons--which might be called
the "comic strip" perhaps--was on yellow paper pasted
on the lid of the wooden box of "Frazier's axle grease"
depicting the sad plight of the man who did not use the famous
lubricant. The empty discarded grease boxes were later picked up
eagerly by neighborhood boys; the cartoon furnished the boys
their first study in expression.
"Just fifty years ago on the 12th day of April the village
of Knox was almost completely demolished by a tornado. The
postoffice and store combined had just been moved into a small
new building, boxed up with pine boards and still unpainted. The
building was crushed like an eggshell, and the new pine boards
split into kindling wood. A portly traveling salesman was caught
in the crushed building, but escaped injury by crouching down
beside a full barrel of sugar. The tornado lasted only a few
minutes, and as it passed the portly salesman came up through the
debris much like a jack-in-the-box. And it rained silver during
the storm. A Mr. Boldra, who lived at the point of the bluffs,
and whose house was crushed by the storm, had ten or twelve
dollars in small coin. This saving was taken from the crushed
house and showered down along the side of the valley as the storm
moved to the northeast. The storm was of short duration, and as
the sun broke from behind the dark clouds there was a sprinkling
of rain, hail--and silver. The writer picked up some of this
money and returned it to the owner. The Lone Tree school house
was carried away with not so much as kindling wood left.
"One of the thrilling springtime sights of the early days on
the Missouri bottom was the coming of the sandhill cranes. These
sand colored birds when standing erect were almost if not quite
as tall as a man. They were usually easily approached. To see a
hundred or so of these huge birds break into a swift run as they
took off was a sight the writer shall never forget. An airplane
taking off is a very good imitation.
"About the time that our family had located on the Missouri
river bottom two young men and their wives, coming from England,
also found a location a few miles west, or a little south and
east of the present Percival community. They were industrious and
took up work in digging drainage ditches, at 50 cents a day. The
work was hard, but they stuck to it, lived a simple life, and
laid the foundation for a comfortable fortune, for both became
counted among the wealthy farmers of the rich bottom lands.
"One of the relished articles of diet of the pioneers was
supper of mush and milk. This dish was served at supper time. It
was made of corn meal, slowly stirred and cooked in boiling
water, and served with milk, cream, and sometimes with a goodly
lump of golden butter slowly melting on top. The dish looked
good, tasted good, and was good for the pioneers.
"The two young Englishmen learned of the new dish. At first
they relished it very much, and not having learned as to what
particular meal it was adapted, made and served it three times a
day. When asked how they relished the new dish of mush and milk,
they said they were rather tiring of it. They were then informed
that it was customary to serve it at suppertime only. The dish
served three times a day seemed not to have furnished them the
proper vitamins for the particular work of digging drainage
ditches through Missouri bottom gumbo.".-- E. C. Worcester
[transcribed by W.F., June 2007]