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TABLE
OF CONTENTS
General
Introduction
List of Illustrations
Index
CHAPTER I
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How Science Reveals the History of the Past - Geology Unfolds the Mysteries of
Earth's Formation - Comparative Antiquity of the Continents - Animal Life
Evolved - Submerged Iowa - Slow Formation of Rocks - Ancient Rivers, Lakes,
Forests and Animals - Once a Tropical Climate - Coming of the Ice Age - Return
of Heat and Life - How Soils Were Formed - Theories as to the Origin of the
Prairies...............................................
1 - 14 |
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CHAPTER II
| The First Inhabitants of Iowa - The "Mound Builders" - Spanish
Adventurers in America - Narvaez' Disastrous
Expedition - Fernando De Soto's Army of Freebooters -
Attempts to Enslave and Subdue the Indians - Fierce Resistance - Wanderings of
the Army of Invasion - Retribution Visited Upon the Freebooters - Discovery of
the Mississippi River - Crossing the Prairie Regions of Arkansas and Kansas -
Retreat, Sickness and Death - De Soto Finds a Grave
in the Mississippi - Fate of the
Survivors.................................................................................
15 - 27 |
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CHAPTER III
| Father Jacques Marquette, The French Missionary - Louis Joliet, the French Explorer
- Their Expedition to the Far West - Discover the Upper Mississippi and Iowa -
Voyage Down the Unexplored River - Along the Eastern Boundary of Iowa - Land
and Discover the Des Moines River - Iowa as it Was in 1673 - The Indians of
that Period - Exploring the Lower Mississippi River - The Return Voyage -
Records Lost by
Wreck...............
29 - 28 |
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CHAPTER IV
| Cavalier de La Salle - Exploration of the Mississippi Valley - Louis Hennepin's Voyages in 1679-80 - Names the Country Louisiana
- La Salle's Voyage in 1682 - Naming the River - Fate of the Explorer and his
Colony - De Iberville's Colony in 1699 - Lesueur Expedition - Governor Bienville
Founds the City of New Orleans - Slavery Introduced into the Colony - English
Conquests in America - Early Trappers and Fur Traders - Founding of St. Louis
in 1764 - Colonel George Rogers Clark Expels the
British......................................................................
39 - 49 |
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CHAPTER V
| Spanish
Rule in Louisiana - Free Navigation Act - The
Territory Ceded to France -
Louisiana Purchased by the United
States - The Northwest Territory
- System of Land Surveying - Provision for School System - Slavery Prohibited................................................................................................................................................................
51 - 61 |
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CHAPTER VI
| The
Indians of North America - Wars Waged Against Them by Europeans - The Tribes
First Found in Iowa - The Illinois Indians Driven Westward - The Mascoutines in 1670 - Battle with Sacs and Foxes -
Disappearance of the Mascoutines - The Iowa Indians -
Meaning of the Name "Iowa" - Migration of the Iowas
- Fate of Mahaska the Iowa Chief - The Removal from
Iowa..........................................................................................
63 - 71 |
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CHAPTER VII
| The
Fox Indians-Their Early Wars - "Hill of the Dead" - Union with the
Sacs - The United Tribes Move West - Treaties with the Whites - Found in Iowa
in 1805 - Sac Village on Rock River - The Disputed Treaty of 1804 - Sacs and
Foxes in the War of 1812 - Treaties of 1824 and 1825 - Massacre of Foxes in
1828 - Retaliation - The Black Hawk War of 1831-2 - "Stillman's
Run" - Battle of the Wisconsin River - Black Hawk's Masterly Retreat - The
Massacre of Women and Children at Bad Axe - Black Hawk a Prisoner - His Rival,
Keokuk, Made Chief - Pathetic Address of the Deposed Chieftain - Death of Black
Hawk................................................................
78 - 86 |
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CHAPTER VIII
| Treaties of 1832, 1836 and 1842 - Sacs and Foxes Surrender Their Iowa Homes
- Keokuk, the "Watchful Fox" - The Old Chief Pashepaho
- Poweshiek, the "Roused Bear" - Kishkekosh, Warrior and Orator - Appanoose,
a Sac Chief - The Musquakies - Their Iowa Reservation
- The Winnebagoes, a Dakota Tribe - Fight with the
British in the War of 1812 - Occupy the "Neutral Lands" in Iowa - Winneshiek and Waukon-Decorah - Winnebago
Characteristics... 87 - 98 |
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CHAPTER IX
| The Pottawattamie Indians - Allies of the British
in the Wars of the Revolution and 1812 - Treaties of 1816, 1825, 1829 and 1835
- Colonel Peter Sarpy - The Old Block House - Pottawattamies Move to Kansas in 1846 - The Dakota Indians
- Their Country in Early Times - The Sioux in the Seventeenth Century - Come to
Iowa in 1804 - Give names to Iowa Lakes - The Chief Waneta
- Battle of the Raccoon River - Battle in Kossuth
County Between Sioux and Musquakies - Sioux Massacres
in 1857 and 1862 - Removal to Indian Territory - Fort Established at Raccoon
Forks ..........................................................................................................................
99 - 108 |
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CHAPTER X
| First
White Settlements in Iowa - Early Discoveries of Lead Ore - Julien
Dubuque's Colony in 1788 - His Grant of Mineral Lands from Fox Indians - Opens
Trade in St. Louis - Secures a Grant from the Spanish Governor - Death of
Dubuque in 1810 - His Colony Driven Out by the Indians - Litigation Over the
Title - Schoolcraft Visits the Mines in 1820 - Grant to Basil Giard in 1795 - Settlement by Louis Honore
Tesson in 1799 - First Orchard in Iowa - American
Rule in Louisiana - Exploring Expedition of Lewis and Clark in 1804-5 - Passes
Along the Western Boundary of Iowa - Description of that
Region..............................................................................
109 - 124 |
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CHAPTER XI
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Exploring
Expedition of Zebulon M. Pike in 1805 - Examines the Eastern Boundary of Iowa -
Conference with Julien Dubuque - Site Selected for a
Fort - Explores the Upper Mississippi Valley - Missionaries and Fur Traders - Benton's
Opinion of the Prairies in 1819 - First Newspaper West of the Mississippi River
- The Burr Conspiracy of 1806 - First Fort on Iowa Soil - Encroachment on
Indian Lands - Fort Attacked by Sacs and Foxes and Destroyed - Fort Armstrong
Established on Rock Island in 1816 - Rock Island Becomes a Government
Reservation - Arsenal Established on the
Island.........................................................................................
125 - 139
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CHAPTER XII
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Illinois
Territory Established in 1809 - Earthquake of 1811 in the Mississippi Valley -
First Steamboat on Western Rivers - British Attempt to Alienate the People of
the Mississippi Valley - Treaties with Indian Tribes of the West - First
Steamboat on the Upper Mississippi - Beginning of the Conflict Over Slavery in
the West - The "Missouri Compromise" - The Long Exploring Expedition
- First Steamboat Ascends the Missouri River in 1819 - Winter Camp at Council
Bluffs - A Council Held with Indian Tribes - Return Through Southwestern
Iowa............................................................
141 - 149
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CHAPTER XIII
| A French Nobleman Settles in Iowa in 1812 - An Early Fur Trader at the Flint
Hills - Dr. Muier Settles at Keokuk in 1820 - Pioneer
Traders and Settlers - Dr. Isaac Galland Projects a
City - Other Pioneer Settlements - Naming of Keokuk - Attempts to Settle at the
Dubuque Lead Mines - First Iowa Lawmakers - Settlers Driven Out by the Soldiers
- The Black Hawk Purchase of 1832 - Rush of Settlers into the "Beautiful
Land" - Iowa in its Virgin Wildness - Mines of Spain Reoccupied - The New
City of Dubuque - Fort Madison Laid Out - First Settlers at the Flint Hills -
Burlington Platted - Settlement at the Mouth of Skunk River -
Buffalo,
Rockingham and Davenport......................
151 - 160 |
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CHAPTER XIV
| Captain Nathan Boone Explores the Des Moines and Boone Valleys - Albert M.
Lea Names and Describes the "Iowa District"
- Glowing Predictions for the Future State - Lea's Map
of Iowa - How Iowa was Named - Catlin's Description
of Iowa in 1835 - Early Courts of Claims and Claim Laws - The Half-Breed Lands
- History of the Controversy - Conflicting Legislation and Prolonged
Litigation........................................................
161 - 172 |
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CHAPTER XV
| Iowa, When a Part of Michigan Territory - First Officers and Representatives
in the Legislature - Later Included in Wisconsin Territory - First Bank on Iowa
Soil - First Railroad Legislation - First Iowa Newspaper and a Notable Press - More Pioneer Newspapers -
How the Name "Hawkeye" Originated - The Legislature of 1837 - First
Movement for Division of Wisconsin Territory - Action of a Delegate Convention
- Memorial for the Creation of Iowa Territory - First
Legislature
Within the limits of Iowa - New Counties Established - More Territory Acquired
from Sac, Fox and Sioux
Indians...........................................................................
173 - 184 |
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CHAPTER XVI
| First Census of Wisconsin in 1836 - Iowa Territory Established in 1838 -
Provisions of the Territorial Government - Governor and Other Officers
Appointed - First Iowa Legislature - Brilliant Young Members - First Message of
Governor Lucas - Controversy Between the Legislature and Governor - Attempt to
Secure the Governor's Removal - Missouri Boundary Controversy - Hostile Armies
Sent to the Border - The Dispute Referred to Congress - Location of the Capital
at Iowa City - Building a City in the Wilderness - The Young Pioneers - A
famous Supreme Court Decision.. 185 - 199 |
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CHAPTER XVII
| Congressional Legislation Concerning Iowa - The Second Legislative Assembly -
William P. Chapman Elected Delegate to Congress - First Movement for Admission
as a State - Hard Times - The Presidential Election of 1840 - First Democratic
Convention - How the Early Settlers Lived - Third Legislative Assembly -
Removal of Governor Lucas by President Harrison - His Able and Excellent Administration - John Chambers Appointed Governor
- Fourth Legislative Assembly Meets at Iowa City - Another Movement for State
Government Defeated - Indian Treaty of 1842 - Fort Sanford Established - Great
Financial Depression and a Hard Winter - Third Movement for Statehood Defeated
- Census of 1844 - First Constitutional
Convention.............
201 - 214 |
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CHAPTER XVIII
| Congress Changes the State Boundaries - A. C. Dodge Issues an Address on the
Subject - A Bitter Controversy Arises - Protest of Three Young Democrats - The
Constitution Rejected by the People - The Seventh Legislative Assembly - The
Rejected Constitution Again Submitted - Again Rejected - Governor Chambers
Removed by President Polk - James Clarke Appointed Governor - The Eight
Legislative Assembly - Another Constitutional Convention Called - Newhall's
Sketches of Iowa in 1846 - Iowa in the War with Mexico....................... 215 - 226
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CHAPTER XIX
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The Second Constitutional Convention - The Principal Provisions of the
Constitution Framed by it - Accepted by the People - Nominations for State
Officers - Democrats and Whigs Hold Their First State Conventions - All of the
Officers Chosen Were Democrats - Iowa Becomes a State on the 28th of December,
1846 - The Mormons Driven from Missouri and Illinois - Exodus Through Iowa -
Sufferings on the March - Settlements at Garden Grove and Grand River - The
Mount Pisgah Refuge - Hundreds Perish on the Prairies - Settlements Along the
Missouri Valley - The Des Moines River Land Grant - First State Legislature -
Failure to Elect United States Senators - Many Important Acts Passed......................................................................................
227 - 241
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CHAPTER XX
| The Election of 1847 - Contest over the Election of Superintendent of Public
Instruction - Governor Briggs Calls an Extra Session of the Legislature -
Another Attempt to Elect United States Senators Fails - Attempt to Locate the
Capital on a Wild Prairie - Rise and Fall of Monroe City - Land Grants and
Railroad Projects - Census of 1847 - Election of 1848 - The Mormon Vote and
Congressional Contest - The Legislature of 1848 - Financial Condition of the
State - Attempt to Make the Des Moines River
Navigable................................................
243 - 255 |
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CHAPTER XXI
| Plat of Monroe City Vacated - Affairs in 1848 - The First Homestead Law - A.
C. Dodge Reelected to the Senate - Political Conventions of 1849 - Success of
the Democratic Ticket - Gold Discoveries in California - Thousands of Iowa
People Go to the Gold Regions - Conflict Over Slavery - Election of 1850 -
Governor Hempstead Inaugurated - Forty-nine New Counties Established - Revision
of the Laws and Code of 1851 - Iowa Teachers in 1850 - Wet Season of 1851 - The
Cholera in Iowa - Establishment of Fort
Dodge............................
257 - 267 |
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CHAPTER XXII
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Election of 1851 - The Fourth General Assembly - Des Moines River
Improvement - Political Conventions and Election of 1852 - George W. Jones
Reelected to the Senate - The First Railroad Approaches Iowa - Great Increase
in Population from 1852 to 1854 - First Defeat of the Democratic Party in Iowa
- James W. Grimes Elected Governor - Governor Hempstead Defeated for Congress -
Fifth General Assembly - Hempstead's Last Message - Governor Grimes' Inaugural
- Contest for United States Senator - James Harlan Elected by a Union of the
Antislavery Members - Beginning of a Political
Revolution - Enactment of the Prohibitory Liquor Law - Election of 1855 -
Disintegration of the Whig Party - Organization of the Republican
Party..............
269 - 282
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CHAPTER XXIII
| Land Grants for Iowa Railroads - Extra Session of 1856 - State and
Presidential Elections - Census of 1856 - Convention to Frame a New
Constitution - The Sixth General Assembly - The Eads Defalcation - James Harlan
Reelected to the Senate - Sioux Indians in Northwestern Iowa - Massacre of the
Chief Sidominadotah by Henry Lott - Flight, Pursuit
and Escape of Lott - Inkpadutah, a Brother of the
Murdered Chief - His Secret Plans for Vengeance - Isolated Settlements in
Northwestern Iowa - Severe Winter of 1856-7 - Inkpadutah
Invades the Little Sioux Valley - Outrages Perpetrated Upon the
Settlers........................................................
283 - 294 |
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CHAPTER XXIV
| The Home of Rowland Gardner - Massacre of the Family by the Sioux - Abbie Alone Spared - Heroic Defense at the Mattocks Cabin -
Major Williams' Report of the Hand to Hand Fight - Massacre of the Howe Family
- Luce and Clark, Noble, Ryan and the Children the Next Victims - Two More
Women Captives - William Marble Slain and his Wife Spared - Morris Markham
Discovers the Fate of His Neighbors - Warns the Springfield Settlement - Heroic
Defense at the Thomas House - Mrs. Church Shoots an Indian - Criminal Folly and
Fate of the Wood Brothers - Refugees Escape from the Thomas House - Conduct of
Dr. Strong - Unparalleled Sufferings of the Refugees - Heroic
Endurance and Final
Rescue.....................................................................................
295 - 310 |
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CHAPTER XXV
| Tidings of the Massacre Reach Fort Dodge - A Relief Expedition Organized -
Three Companies Under Command of Major Williams - A March Through Deep Snow,
Piercing Gales and Severe Cold - Nine Men Turn Back - Expedition Reaches the
Irish Colony - A Scouting Party Sent Forward - Finds the Refugees - Detachment
Sent to Bury the Dead - Return March - Caught in a Fearful Blizzard - Intense
Suffering and Struggle for Life - Captain Johnson and W. E. Burkholder Perish -
Main Body Reach Cylinder Creek - Vain Attempts to Cross the Flood - In the Snow
Without Fire or Shelter, 34 Degrees Below Zero - They Struggle Home Freezing
and Starving.............................. 311 -
320 |
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CHAPTER XXVI
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Four Young Women Captives - Sufferings of Mrs. Thatcher - Pursuit of the Indians - Lieutenant Murray Deceived by Treacherous Guides - Cruel Fate of Elizabeth
Thatcher - Major Flandreau's Expedition for the Rescue of the Captives -
Release of Margaret A. Marble - Murder of Lydia Noble - Despair of Abbie Gardner - She is Rescued Through Major Flandreau's
Untiring Efforts - The Murderer of Mrs. Noble Slain - Two Families of Settlers
Warned of the Danger Escape - Inkpadutah Never
Captured - Major Williams' Report - Governor Grimes'
Message.................. 321 - 329
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CHAPTER XXVII
| The Banditti of the Mississippi Valley - Brown's Michigan Colony at Bellevue
- The Beginning of Their Depredations - Battle at the Headquarters Where Their
Leader is Slain - Capture and Death of Outlaws and Summary Punishment of
Prisoners - Murder of Colonel Davenport, Capture and Execution of Murderers -
John Ingle Murdered, Lynching of the Assassins - Murder of Mrs. Barger,
Lynching of the Murderer - Proclamation of Vigilance Committee - Seven Hundred
Members Bound by Secret Oaths - Young Man and Wife Murdered - Summary Fate of
the Assassin - "Regulators" Organize at Big Rock - Killing of Alonzo
Page in Cedar County - Peter Conklin of Johnson County Slain - Lynching of
Charles Clute - Hanging of Bennett Warren of Clinton County - Crimes and Lynching
of Alonzo Gleason and Edward Soper in Cedar County -
Lynching of Hiram Roberts in Jones County - Citizens Condemn Lawless Acts of
Regulators - Brave Canada McCollough Defies the
Regulators - Their Lawless Acts
Cease.............................
331 - 350 |
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CHAPTER XXVIII
| Failure of Des Moines River Improvements - Removal of State Officers to Des
Moines - Election in 1857 - The New Constitution Adopted - Great Financial
Depression - Legislature of 1858 - Financial Condition of the State - Acts for
State Banking System and State Agricultural College - Des Moines River Land
Grant Diverted to Aid a Railroad - The Code Commission - Lathrop's Estimate of
the Seventh General Assembly - Governor Grimes Elected United States Senator -
Crop Failure and Financial Distress in 1858 - Indian Troubles in the Northwest
- Growing Conflict Over American Slavery - Political Conventions of 1859 -
Samuel J. Kirkwood Elected
Governor.......... 351 - 371 |
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CHAPTER XXIX
| The "Underground Railroad" in Iowa - John Brown in the
Kansas War - Young Men of Iowa Become His Followers - Pardee Butler of Iowa Assailed by "Border
Ruffians" - Iowa "Free State" Men Imprisoned in
Kansas - John Brown at Springdale - There Plans His
Assault upon Slavery - Headquarters at Springdale -
Remarkable Young Men who Enlisted in the Expedition - Winter
Drill Among the Quakers - A Desperate Undertaking - The
Canada Conference - Brown Liberates
Missouri Slaves - Conducts Them Through Iowa - Eludes
the Slave Catchers - Reaches party in
Canada......................................................................
373 - 383 |
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CHAPTER XXX
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Closing Years of the Pioneer Period - The Causes Which Brought Many West -
Pioneer Life from 1832 to 1860 - Choosing Homes in Unsettled Regions - Hard
Life of Pioneer Women - Compensations and Entertainments - The Bleak
Northwestern Prairies - Sod Houses and Muskrats - Perilous Winter Journeys -
Dangers from Prairie Fires - Corn and Hay for Fuel - The Early School System -
How it was Supported - Statistics of 1859 - Gradual Improvement of Conditions - Pike's Peak Gold
Discoveries...................................................................
385 - 397
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