JANUARY
1-Wednesday
Cloudy, cold, disagreeable day, an overcoat
is very comfortable, I got excused from drill this morning on account of being
unwell. Had a very good battalion drill after dinner, commanded by the
adjutant. After dark had a noncommissioned officers' drill in arms.
Rather dry day for the first of January, effects of war.
2-Thursday
Still a little colder this morning, raining
and sleeting all day, suits me very well for I am unwell, and I dislike being
reported on the sick list. We done no drilling today, I spent most of my
time inside the barracks, thinking of time past, present, and future, and
enjoying myself as best I could.
3-Friday
As near as I can tell today is about like
yesterday, only a little more rain. I feel more unwell this morning; our
doctor says I have got the measles, I believe it judging from the red spots on
my skin. I lay in the captain's office about all day. The ground is
covered with ice but around our eating and cooking house mud abounds.
4-Saturday
The weather is still holding forth, but not
quite so much rain. I failed to get out to roll-call this morning. I
am reported a fit subject for the hospital, prefer to not go, but so it is,
about noon. The ambulance came around and I got aboard, soon arrived at
the Good Samaritan Hospital. I was put in third story.
5-Sunday
I am not able to tell much about the
weather, being in the house all the time but by looking through the window, I
perceive it is snowing, the heaviest storm I have seen this winter, cold enough
to pass for winter. The measles have disappeared on me, but I still feel
under the weather.
6-Monday
As near as I can tell, today is cloudy and
cold. I don't know that I am improving much in health, but I am still able
to sit up and eat some. I took some medicine today. I think this a
good institution, and well conducted for the sick. The physicians and
nurses are very attentive, but I dislike the practices.
7-Tuesday
Cloudy, cold day, appearance of more snow.
I feel some better, able to read, write and eat. One or more patients die
here every night. I begin to more fully realize the "horrors" of war.
The question that presents itself to my mind, is, who will be accountable for
all the sorrows, sufferings, caused by this war.
8-Wednesday
Still cloudy today, I heard it raining this
morning, by looking through the window I see the snow is nearly all gone.
I am improving some. I discover that my brother is in the hospital, I
don't like to see it, but so be it. I hear some heavy cannon firing today,
I know not for what purpose.
9-Thursday
Awful heavy fog this morning, which did not
entirely disperse all day, damp heavy weather. I don't feel so well this
morning, but better after dinner. I walked through the hospital to see
some of our boys. One young man died in our room this evening, the
question is who will be next.
10-Friday
This morning is cloudy, but they are
broken, so that there is an appearance of clear weather. My health is
about as yesterday. I went to see all of our boys in this hospital today;
they are improving, but some others are dying. How uncertain is life, and
how certain is death. Fine clear night.
11-Saturday
Been cloudy and foggy all day, some
appearance of a storm. I wrote a letter, read the paper, and walked around
a little. The indications are that there will be some movements made
before long in the military line. I hope it may be so, it is something we
all are anxiously looking for.
12-Sunday
Cold day, cloudy morning, clear after noon.
I don't feel so well this morning. They have preaching in the dining room
at ten. I don't feel like attending. I see there is a great many
Catholics in this vicinity. I have been looking anxiously for someone from
the barracks but 'lo they came not.
13-Monday
Today has been cloudy, and cold, look some
like snowing. I feel no better today. Lieut. Webb and C. Qr. S.
Haywood visited us today. I received my pay and, and also two letters.
Our regiment is going to leave next Wednesday. I fear I cannot go with
them. After dark some more of our boys came and brought some sweetmeats
from home.
14-Tuesday
Pleasant and clear this morning, but soon
clouded up, cold day. I have no appetite. I walked out in the yard
some. Lieut. Noir and orderly Edgington called to see us, brought us our
knapsacks and bid us goodbye. They are bound for Dixie. Every day
new patients are brought in here, so we are always kept full.
15-Wednesday
The ground is covered with snow this
morning, looks like clearing off, but soon clouded up, very cold day. I
feel very weak, but still move around some. E. Buckner called to see us,
who informed us that our regiment would not go today, but were to wait for
further orders. I wrote a letter to my cousin, L. Smith.
16-Thursday
Been cloudy all day, more moderate than
yesterday, but not enough to thaw the snow much. I have been walking
around some to get the fresh air which is very invigoration. The air in
the rooms is quite impure. This house is a little deficient in the
ventilating department, but is very well built.
17-Friday
Still cloudy today, considerable warmer,
thawing some. I am getting stronger. I wrote two letters; exercised
some by walking. Our regiment has not gone yet. I understand the
mumps are going the rounds in our company, one thing follows another, disease is
destroying more than the sword or rifle.
18-Saturday
Warm, cloudy, foggy, damp, disagreeable
day, been raining last night. My health is about the same today. I
took pleasure in reading the testament that my brother presented to me. I
understand the smallpox is in camp; I fear it will spread as warm weather
approaches. This is among the horrors of civil war.
19-Sunday
Cloudy, foggy day, very wet but not
raining, snow is about all gone. I am still improving in health. I
spent most of the day in reading, which affects my eyes some. One of our
boys called to see us again. Our regiment still remains in camp. The
river is said to be full of ice; I hope it will remain for a few days.
20-Monday
All day cloudy again, mud is pretty deep,
getting cooler. Feel pretty well. Our captain, and both lieutenants
came to see us today. I received two letters; I wrote one in answer.
Not much signs of a forward movement here, but there is signs of a great deal of
corruption among our leading men.
21-Tuesday
A little colder today, but still cloudy,
mud is frozen up. I thought I was well enough to take a walk, so I got a
pass from the physician and went into town, had a good walk, went to 4th St.
shops but couldn't get in, made some purchases and returned, feel pretty tired.
22-Wednesday
Cloudy and cold, ground is frozen hard but
it is more healthy. I have been writing a good deal today, have been
exercising around some, visiting the boys and trying to pass the time as
cheerful and beneficial as possible. We were visited by noted surgeons,
and members of the Sanitary Committee, so they say.
23-Thursday
Dark, cloudy, gloomy morning, not quite so
cold, appearance of a storm, clouds scattered some before noon, very pleasant
day. I took a dose of sawing wood today which was very beneficial. I
finished writing a family letter. The late fight in Kentucky has proved to
be a victory. Tonight is clear, moderating some.
24-Friday
Some cloudy, and partly clear, moderating.
I got a pass from my physician to go to the barracks, gathered up my clothes,
jumped aboard the street cars and arrived in camp in the afternoon. One
captain in our regiment has died. A good many cavalry in camp, some of our
boys are still sick. Plenty of mud.
25-Saturday
Fine, clear, warm, day, drying up the mud
pretty fast. My health is tolerable good. I drew my new gun and
cartridge box, went out and drilled in arms a little. The boys are getting
discouraged on account of nothing being done, and so much sickness. I
wrote a letter. Our brass band has commenced to play some.
26-Sunday
Cool and not so pleasant today, some
appearance of a storm. I did not go out on inspection this morning, spent
most of the day in reading and writing. Not much improvement in the
observance of the Sabbaths in camp, sad state of affairs. I attended
preaching after dark. Commenced snowing after dark, not very cold.
27-Monday
Raining this morning, getting awful muddy.
About midnight last night we received orders to march, all has been bustle since
until near noon today when we started for the river. I went down on the
street cars, we took the ferry boat, crossed over, got aboard the cars, and
after dark started for Cairo.
28-Tuesday
Today is cloudy, but not cold, no rain.
We traveled slowly all night and are still going this morning. I slept but
little through the night, feel under the weather. About noon we arrived in
Cairo, and were employed until night in moving onto the steamer, City of
Memphis. Set out after dark, up the Ohio, fine evening.
29-Wednesday
Commenced raining some time in the night,
still at it this morning. I paid some for a bed last night, consequently
feel better. We arrived at Smithland a little after daylight. This
is a shabby looking town, it is situated at the mouth of the Cumberland river in
Livingston Co. Ky. We landed in the evening, took possession of a Masonic
hall, good house.
30-Thursday
Ground is white with snow this morning,
cold winter day. We have a good room to stay in but the floor is not soft
to sleep on. I went upon the hill back of town, American boys were
pitching our tents. I see this part of Kentucky is very hilly. The
effects of slavery is seen in everything. Bad time to pitch in when the
mud is in every department.
31-Friday
Foggy, Cloudy, and cold this morning, mud
frozen up some. The Ohio and Cumberland rivers are very high. We
fixed up our tents and moved into them. We are on high, high, healthy
green overlooking the town and both rivers, although the weather is unfavorable,
still we are all in good spirits. There are several regiments in and still
others arriving daily. Rained some this evening.
FEBRUARY
1-Saturday
Cleared off this morning, appearance of a
fine day, frozen up some. We had a slim breakfast but enjoyed it
exceedingly. I have been running around helping to carry provisions and
water about a mile. We are living at home and getting healthy in our
tents. The boys are trying their skill in jayhawking. Some are
anticipating an attack here. I think it is doubtful.
2-Sunday
Cloudy and cold this morning. We have
a strong guard on now. One regiment is leaving camp this morning. I
believe it is the 13th Missouri. There is very few senior men in this
region. I talked with one today, he is sound on the goose. Raining
and muddy today. I commenced writing but dislike it wonderfully. I
perceive we lay very close about bed time.
3-Monday
Still cloudy, cold and stormy, mud is
getting deeper and of a finer quality. I have spent most all day in
writing in the Lieutenant's tent, cooking and eating in the open air is not as
pleasant as some things I have heard of. We have done no drilling since we
came here. We just got into bed when we were ordered to cook two days
provisions and be ready to march at any moment.
4-Tuesday
Today is clear and pleasant, we were
ordered to bed last night again we still hold ourselves in readiness to march.
I understand we are going up the Tennessee River perhaps to fight some. We
are cooking and eating an making ourselves merry. It is said we are only
waiting the arrival of steamers to convey us to the field of action.
5-Wednesday
Clear this morning but soon clouded up,
chilly day. We were ordered to march today before daylight. We
cooked a little, struck tents, packed up, conveyed our goods to the boat, and
were ready to start before noon. Went down to Paducah, quite a smart city.
Started from there up the Tennessee River, water is high. I slept on the
deck.
6-Thursday
Been raining nearly all night, not through
yet?, we land at our camp 4 or 5 miles below Ft. Henry. This
morning awful muddy and wet, we got off with our things, were soon ordered to
march with two days provisions. The gunboats went up to attack Ft. Henry,
we were to attack them by land, we fell into line, heard the bombing of cannon,
we started out by a circuit route, awful road.
7-Friday
Cold, cloudy day, last night we camped in
the timber one mile from the Let, without overcoat or blankets. Went into
the Let, this morning, all has been well fortified, but was badly taken.
The rebels dispersed leaving hats, tents, cannon, ammunition, commissary goods,
and other things of value in our hands. The troops are coming in here by
the thousands. This is a complete victory. We received our hopsacks
and blankets.
8-Saturday
Rained all night, cold and wet this
morning. We slept in our tents last night, have no stove. The river
is still rising. This is a timbered country, foggy and misty, not much
cultivated. The rebels have deserted nearly all the farms and left most of
their property. The whole country looks like a slavery land. We drew
some provisions, hard time a cooking.
9-Sunday
The sun rose on a cloudless sky. The
first for sometime the ground is frozen hard, pleasant day. We received a
large mail. I wrote a letter, walked around some to see the eighth
regiments are arriving here every hour. The earth is getting white, on
tents. All around is life and animation. No preaching. Looks
like if the Sabbath is forgotten.
10-Monday
Another fine day, heavy frost this morning,
cool breeze. We were ordered to strike tents and move quarters, commenced
after breakfast and soon prepared to move, but did not get started 'till
after dinner. Moved half a mile from the river and camped. More
troops arriving, fine night, we are camped in the timber. I wrote some.
11-Tuesday
Windy today, some cloudy, very fine
weather. We did not start this morning, went to draw rations, we have to
make fresh horses of ourselves, and that through mud and water, a screw loose
somewhere. Troops still arriving. I've done some baking. We
were ordered to be ready to march tomorrow morning at six.
12-Wednesday
We arose early, splendid day again.
We do not get on the way until after sunrise. We marched toward Ft.
Donelson. Pretty good road, but hilly. Passed through some fine
timber. Made the sweat roll in marching. Camped in line of battle
about sunset, two miles from the fort. Reported that the rebels are drove
into the fort.
13-Thursday
Clear, appearance of a fine day. We
slept on our arms last night. Arose early and fell in line of battle,
marched towards the fort, expecting every moment to attack the enemy. Sent
out skirmishers, marched within shooting distance of the entrenchment, took a
stand, sheltered by a hill, waiting for the gun boats to drive them out, lay
there all night, without fire. Rained, snowed, and froze, awful night, we
suffered severely. Lost one of our men.
14-Friday
Cold and stormy. We marched back
before daylight into a deep ravine and built fire, left fire, company to hold
our position, we breakfasted on coffee and crackers. Thawed out and
returned to relieve the other company. Held the position all day again,
done some skirmishing, hear the roaring of the guns from the fort and gun boats,
neither gain much. We returned to the ravine and remained all night, left
two companies deployed in? position. Snowed again tonight.
15-Saturday
Disagreeable day. We took our stand
again expecting to gain possession of the fort. Hear an awful lot conflict
on the other side of the fort. The rebels are trying to recoup. We
soon commenced the charge. Sent co.'s and 5 as skirmishers. We
marched facing the enemy. The bullets and grape shot came hailing around
us, not many are hit. We give the enemy the best we had in the shop.
I can hardly see to shoot. We fell back and rested, retreated in good
order and camped.
16-Sunday
Some warmer today. The fort is
completely surrounded. We marched up this morning expecting to take the
enemy. My eyes are very sore. We just arrived to the entrenchment
when the news came that the enemy had surrendered. This was received with
a shout that made the hills sing. We soon took possession of the fort with
thousands of prisoners, guns, ammunition and valuable property. We were
assigned quarters in log tents. Rained again tonight.
17-Monday
This is a cloudy, wet, muddy, day. My
eye is very sore. I can hardly see. We find it much more pleasant
living in huts than in the timber without any shelter. We have taken
General Suskner here besides colonels and captains. They are leaving by
the steamboatloads. This is a mountainous country. It is reported
that Bowling Green vacated and Columbus is attacked. Hope is......
18-Tuesday
Warm, pleasant day, mud is drying up.
I feel some better. Took a walk through Dover, a small town inside of the
entrenchments. It has been vacated entirely by citizens leaving stores and
everything behind, which have been destroyed by the troops. I have seen
the horrors of war to my satisfaction, hope I may never see such again. I
witness a funeral this evening which looked respectable.
19-Wednesday
Raining this morning about right, continued
until afternoon, awful muddy. I wrote some, carried some wood and sit
around the fire considerable. We have fine time cooking and eating, and
enjoying ourselves as best we can. I understand the dead are not all
buried yet. This is a very extensive camp and we have a large army in it.
I hear the sweet strains of the brass band.
20-Thursday
Cloudy and gloomy. The Cumberland
River is rising fast. We are still living at our ease, all kinds of
reports are afloat, such as - Clarksville has been vacated, Nashville has
surrendered, Tennessee has laid down her arms, and all such, but am slow to
believe them. I am getting tired of this war, I hope it will soon cease.
21-Friday
Warm, pleasant day after the sun arose.
I finished writing a letter and sat around the fire. Very little stir
until after dinner when the order came for us to prepare for marching
immediately. We had no more that got ready when the order was
countermanded. Some more of our boys came up that were left behind.
Looks like rain.
22-Saturday
Pouring down rain this morning; some heavy
thunder through the day. The river is overflowing its banks. Some
heavy salutes fired in the fort, I suppose in commemorating of Washington's
birthday. Gov. Morton has been in camp; he is Governor of Indiana.
We are visited by hundreds of citizens from the free states.
23-Sunday
Clear, pleasant day, rather warm to be
comfortable with a coat on. Spring has opened. The earth is drying
up. I spent most of the day in reading and writing. It is reported
that Nashville has surrendered, and Gen. Ruel is going to take possession, with
100,000 men, good news from all quarters. Fine evening.
24-Monday
Considerably cooler this morning, but
clear, pleasant spring day. We are engaged this morning in clearing off
our parade ground, eradicating "stuff" and unnecessary rubbish. Looks like
if we were going to remain here for some time. My health is good and my
appetite is excellent. Reported that Columbus is evacuated.
25-Tuesday
Another fine, pleasant day; a few flying
clouds, cool breeze. I wrote a letter, read some, sat around and enjoyed
the pleasures of camp life. We swept our yard of all unnecessary rubbish,
realizing as surely as ever that cleanliness is next to godliness. Hear
some heavy firing at the river in they are jubilant over the news that Columbus
has surrendered.
26-Wednesday
Heavy thunderstorm last night; cloudy next
morning; soon cleared off, warm day. Our boys on detail have returned, but
our knapsacks have gone up the river. It is reported that Jeff Davis is
gone to the old world. I hope he has and never will return to the land
that he had cussed. I understand the battle of Fort Donelson has created a
great ?????? in the east..
27-Thursday
Partly cloudy and partly clear, cooler than
yesterday. I have been acting as cook today. I understand Gov.
Eichon of Iowa is here. I have not seen him yet. On dress parade,
the order was read this evening that we would have to drill tomorrow. I
hear some hearty cheering in some of the regiments. I suppose the governor
is with them.
28-Friday
Another warm, pleasant day. The buds
are beginning to start on the trees. After policing this morning, we
drilled some, marched out to our battlefield and returned. Fell in line
for the purpose of receiving the governor. He came not, so we started arms
and went to dinner. After dinner we were mustered for pay but the pay is
minus.
MARCH
1-Saturday
Some rain and thunder this morning.
Cool and cloudy all day. We carried up a fine lot of wood this morning,
enough to last over Sunday. We have a large guard around our regiment,
which I consider useless. Our government is erecting the telegraph line
between this and Cairo. Our troops are going to Nashville by the
steamboatload.
2-Sunday
Heavy thunder and sharp lightning this
morning, raining all day, mud in abundance. The steamer Minehaka came down
from Nashville today with our knapsacks, and tents. We carried them up to
our cabins. Our flag is waving over the capital of Tennessee. It is
reported that we have to go to Alabama. Rainy night.
3-Monday
Cold, stormy weather, some snow, cold
enough to freeze. We done no drilling today. One of our men in Co. F
unexpectedly died last night and was buried today agreeable to the rules of war.
An Indiana regiment adjoining us left today for Ft. Henry. Our boys have
been appropriating some of their cooking utensils. It is reported that the
rebels are re-enforcing above here.
4-Tuesday
Still cloudy but not so cold this morning,
about the middle of the afternoon commenced raining and snowing. Have not
done much, excepting write some, carry some wood and so on. I shaved off.
We sold some extra rations. Reported that we are to stay in this fort.
Great all being made for ?.
5-Wednesday
Ground is frozen solid, heavy frost, cold
cloudy day. I feel a little under the weather and consequently have done
very little. Drilled a little, wrote a little and so on. The troops
are leaving this fort pretty fast. We received marching orders this
evening. The boys are busily engaged in baking and cooking for the march.
6-Thursday
The ground is white with snow this morning,
cold wintry day. We packed our knapsacks and haversacks and prepared to
march by ten o'clock, but didn't get started today. We have considerable
to do before we can move. It is reported that Columbus is taken. We
have more snow this evening, cold disagreeable weather.
7-Friday
Appearance this morning of being a fine
day. We pitched in early, and by ten o'clock were ready to move. We
loaded ten teams, slung our knapsacks, haversacks, and canteens, and started
out. We marched all day, roads very muddy, weather warm. Camped
about sundown on the Tennessee River, built big fires. Slept in the open
air. I am awful tired.
8-Saturday
Splendid morning, clear and calm. The
birds are singing in every direction, every appearance of a fine spring day.
Troops are camped all around here and steamboats line the river. Plenty of
water and timber in our camp. We lay here all day. I wrote a letter.
Feel quite unwell. Reported that Manasses is taken after a hard fight.
Jayhawking is very fashionable her.
9-Sunday
Not very cold this morning, high winds and
cloudy appearance of rain. By drinking hot coffee with milk in it (that
the boys have drawed), I feel better. I was detailed to act as corporal of
the police but traded off. Two of our boys arrived from the hospital.
Troops and steamboats are increasing in numbers. We had a hard rain and
thunderstorm this evening.
10-Monday
Tho' clouds dispersed this morning, fine
pleasant day. I feel very unwell today, eat nothing, laid in the tent most
of the time; sickness almost discourages me. Health is a great blessing, I
put my trust in God. The order was received this evening that the fleet
moved immediately, ours being the last brigade, excepting two companies.
11-Tuesday
Another fine day, cool morning, a little
cloudy in the evening. I am still quite unwell, by taking a bath feel some
refreshed. We received orders to be prepared to march at a moments
warning. The boat with our goods arrived at the landing. They have
to be removed to another boat. They were placed on ter-a-firma, and a
guard placed over them.
12-Wednesday
Beautiful spring morning, rather warm for
comfort through the day. I am very weak; got some medicine from the
doctor. Reported that they had a fight 12 miles up the river last night,
have no particulars. Troops are still going up and also encamping here.
Fine nights for the season. Time speeds away.
13-Thursday
Cloudy this morning, partly clear through
the day, very warm. About noon we were ordered aboard the steamer, John
Warren. After dark we had everything aboard and were on our way up the
river, traveled all night. I tried to sleep on the cabin floor but slept
little.
14-Friday
Sprinkle of rain last night, cloudy,
disagreeable day. We make slow progress it appears to me. Passed
some country where there is signs of civilization, but very little signs of a
good country. We are put to great inconveniences on these boats,
particularly when it rains.
15-Saturday
Rained all last night, cloudy and
disagreeable today. We arrived sometime this morning at a small town
called 'Savannah', high and dry place. Our boys went ashore to cook some.
We lay aboard the boat all day waiting for further orders. I have taken
considerable of quinine, which is not fit for a dog.
16-Sunday
The weather is not very agreeable on
account of being cloudy and damp. I got some cooked peaches to eat today,
which was not hard to take. Dr. Hobbs arrived today; by his perseverance
we have got a frame house on the bank of the river as a temporary hospital for
us that are sick.
17-Monday
The clouds are clearing away, so the
weather is more pleasant. Our regiment has gone up the river where nearly
all the other troops have gone. I understand they have had a small fight.
I am not posted as to the reason. There is a great many union citizens
here; some are enlisting. I am very unwell.
18-Tuesday
Today is quite warm and pleasant, some
appearance of rain. The river is very high, which is to our advantage.
I see a green cane brake on the opposite side of the river. Spring comes
soon here, but I would prefer living in the cold north. S. Hoover, one of
our co. died this evening. Such is life and death.
19-Wednesday
Heavy thunderstorm last night, cloudy this
morning, cleared off, warm day. I feel very weak but have a bunk of straw
to lay on instead of the floor which makes it some better. I see
everything looks green like spring here. The peach blooms are out. I
would love to have some of the fruit.
20-Thursday
Considerable cloudy, with a strong cold
wind this morning. Boats are arriving and leaving all the time.
Another load of soldiers came up this morning. Some regiments are camped
around here. Reported that the rebels have planted batteries below here to
stop our boats. The gunboats are going to see to it.
21-Friday
Quite cold today, cloudy with a sprinkle of
rain. I am improving some in health, but very slowly. I see a large
battery preparing for up the river. I think there is a prospect of a
fight. They say that the rebels have given our men ten days
to back out and leave them. I think we will do it over the left.
22-Saturday
Another cold, cloudy day, some wind.
My health is better today. Troops are still going up the river. The
revel force is reported to be 80,000 up above. The prospect for peace is
not so good as I would like to see it. I am tired of war. There is a
good many sick left here from different regiments.
23-Sunday
Still cloudy and cold. Some
appearance of rain. I am glad to be able to read and write for this is
about all I can do. The 11th Iowa stopped here today. Two of the
boys from Hardin Co. called to see us. Troops are still going above.
The news by the papers are still encouraging. We had a sprinkle of snow
this evening.
24-Monday
Not quite so cold today. The sun
shone out some, I gain strength slowly. I hear nothing from our regiment.
Troops are on the move upward. The report is that our fleet is advancing
down the Mississippi. The Tennesseeans here are generally dressed in
homespun. The Union sentiment appears strong.
25-Tuesday
Clear, pleasant day. The ground is
quite dry, and the river is falling fast. Major Brodtbeck came down today,
he is unwell. He reports our regiment very much afflicted. It is
reported the rebels are leaving above here. I think it doubtful. Our
gunboats have a hard contest at No. 10.
26-Wednesday
Warm, pleasant day; pretty strong breeze.
I am able to walk around and view the country some. One gunboat arrived
here today. It is reported that Island No. 10 is taken. A large
cargo of telegraph apparatuses was landed here today. The citizens are
arriving here every hour, leaving their homes for fear of being pressed into the
rebel service.
27-Thursday
Fine, clear, day, cool breeze from the
north. I took a walk through town this morning, tolerable, fine, little
place. A number of citizens have left, the steamboats have all left this
landing. The river is fast receding, and the banks are becoming visible.
Some of the convalescents here have gone to the regiment. Dr. Parker came
down.
28-Friday
Warm day, clear in the forenoon, towards
evening clouded up. Appearances of rain. Two boat loads of soldiers
arrived here today. Still fighting at No. 10. We have orders to go
up to the regiment. Some of our boys are left at the post hospital.
I hope they will be well attended.
29-Saturday
Warm day, strong wind from the south.
We packed everything pertaining to the hospital, put it aboard the steamer
Rocket, and started up the river. Arrived at the Pittsburgh landing, and
walked about a mile to the regiment, found our boys generally well, one case of
smallpox in the company. Reported that Beauregard is taken.
30-Sunday
Fine, warm morning, warmest day of the
season. I wrote a letter and read some for recreation. The last
report is that Island No. 10 is still in the hands of the rebels. Two
deserters reported that the rebel force out here is 80,000. Our chaplain
has returned. He preached this evening. Our boys are improving in
health.
31-Monday
Cloudy this morning, had a sprinkle of rain
after which it cleared off. I done some washing for myself. Pretty
hard work, for I am very weak. Some of our boys went a fishing, but caught
nothing. The 6th and 11 Iowa regiments are here. The Hardin boys are
all together again. Sleeping on the hard ground is not pleasant.
APRIL
1-Tuesday
Very warm day, only a slight breeze.
Our regiment is out drilling, and on dress parade every day. I am unable
to be with them. I visited the hospital, the sick are improving. All
kinds of reports are afloat, which are unnecessary to enumerate. I got a
mess of greens today. Seceshion is working itself out.
2-Wednesday
Had a hard storm of rain and wind this
morning before daylight. Clear, warm day. My health is very little
better. One of our boys started home today, being discharged. All
the troops in this camp are still laying still, drilling some. The papers
contain no news of importance. I think this an unhealthy place for us
northerners.
3-Thursday
Cool morning but awful warm day. Our
brigade was reviewed today by General Grant. They say that our Colonel
displayed great military science over the left. Our Major has resigned his
commission. There is some contention who shall take his place.
Reported that our troops are ascending Mississippi.
4-Friday
Thunderstorm this morning, nearly clear
about noon, showery through the afternoon. I made some peach tree medicine
for the jaundice. The sign of the times indicated a speedy loss of the
war. The sooner the better. It will bring happiness to thousands
here, sorrow now reigns. Hard thunderstorm.
5-Saturday
Fine, clear day after the storm. We
had considerable of excitement last night, occasioned by the rebels attacking
our pickets, the whole camp was up in arms. Excitement is not so high this
morning. Nothing of importance transpired today. We drew some
provisions preparing to march. I hear we have taken some prisoners.
6-Sunday
Splendid morning. We had only eaten
breakfast when we heard heavy cannonading on our lines. It soon became
general with cannons and musketry, proved the hardest day's fight we have had in
the division. Our regiment went on the double quick, reported they are
taken prisoners. Our forces are drove in.
7-Monday
Heavy rain last night. Cloudy and
windy this morning. The fight commenced early. We are reinforced by
Ruels forces. Very hard fighting until about three o'clock when our men
drove the rebels towards Corinth. There is great slaughter on both sides.
Awful excitement among the stragglers.
8-Tuesday
Awful heavy rain all last night, still at
it this morning; cleared off towards evening. Firing this morning but it
only proved to be regiments discharging their pieces. The rebels are still
retreating. We buried four of our men today, one is G. W. Moir. Oh!
the horrors of war. Our men are after the rebels.
9-Wednesday
Another hard night's rain, cold and cloudy
today. No news from the rebels and our forces. Suppose they will
make a stand at
Corinth. Reported that Island No. 10 is not taken. I went to the
boat landing, horrible looking place. Some of our men are laying in the
mud unburied. Confusion reigns.
10-Thursday
Morning is cloudy and cool, soon cleared
off, fine pleasant day. I went over the battlefield today. It is a
bloody battlefield. Hundreds of lives were there sacrificed. Some of
the enemy are still unburied. Reported that we are again to be attacked by
the rebels. Only about 200 left of us.
11-Friday
Cool, cloudy, rainy day. I commenced
writing a letter but had to go and wait on the wounded. The sick and
wounded were taken to a boat to be sent to St. Louis. William Stoltser
died this evening from a wound in the head. Island No. 10 is at last
taken. One of our boys arrived from St. Louis.
12-Saturday
Rained all night and half of today.
Very high wind, appearance of clearing towards evening. General Walleck
arrived today, he was received by heavy cannonading. All of our staff
officers have left us. A few butternuts arrived in camp.
13-Sunday
Fine, pleasant day, mud is awful deep.
I finished writing a letter and received two. About noon we were called
into line and had prayer. A great many visitors both male and re-visiting
the battlefield carrying of relics of different kinds. The hospital boats
are coming up here.
14-Monday
Cloudy forenoon, clear afternoon, warm
pleasant day. I removed some of the dirt from my clothes by a strong
application of soap and hot water. Went out hunting pipe timber, found
very little. Received some more letters from home. The cavalry
report that they have burned a bridge above here. Troops arriving.
15-Tuesday
Looks like rain, clouds soon broke away,
flying clouds with southern wind. We have orders to do some policing, also
to get the number of guns and amount of ammunition now in our company.
They have got the telegraph line erected to this place. Hear of some
skirmishing between our and the rebel pickets.
16-Wednesday
Warm day, partly cloudy, strong breeze of
wind. I wrote a letter, sat and lay around some, don't feel so well.
No news of importance, only that they are still preparing for a fight.
Hundreds of teams running constantly, hauling provender and forage. The
martial and brass music sounds sweet.
17-Thursday
Cloudy but very warm, appearance of rain.
I feel quite unwell. I dislike this warm weather. The report is that
Gen. Mitchel has taken Florence, and Gen. Pope is advancing toward Memphis.
Reported that they are fighting near here. I suppose we are still to
remain in the field.
18-Friday
Some cloudy this morning, heavy
thunderstorm in the evening. I went to the boat landing, settlers there in
abundance who have everything to sell. We were ordered on inspection but
the rain prevented. The waters are subsiding, raining about all night.
I pity those who are tent left.
19-Saturday
Raining all day, mud is getting deep, quite
cool, which makes it much healthier. The report is that the camp here is
to advance some. Lieutenant Allison called to see us today. The
prospect for peace is gloomy. We made a report of all our government
property.
20-Sunday
Damp, cloudy, day with considerable rain.
All quiet today in camp excepting some teaming. The news by the papers is
encouraging, there appears to be a feeling of indignation throughout the north
in regard to the late surprise battle here. Someone is to blame. The
friends of the dead are anxious to know who it is.
21-Monday
Cloudy, cold, drizzly, day, not much signs
of clearing. We went out on inspection today. The regiment turned
out 10. There is 25 able for duty. Two of our captains, one surgeon,
and the chaplain started for home. We have a guard of two around our
regiment. Another case of smallpox in our regiment. Very cool.
22-Tuesday
Bright, sunny morning, cool for the season.
Splendid day. We drew our regular today. This morning several
thousand troops came up the river, said to be General Topes division.
Reported that Beauregard has left Corinth. I think it doubtful. Fort
Pillow is about to be taken. Our troops are in good spirits.
23-Wednesday
Warm, clear day. The roads are drying
up some. The order as issued this morning to the effect that we are to be
brigaded with the 58 Illinois and 14 Iowa. The whole regiment is opposed
to it to the backbone. We were ordered to pack the clothing belonging to
the prisoners, and all other unnecessaries.
24-Thursday
Fine, warm day with a slight breeze.
I have had more business on hands than usual. Our regiment, mounting to
about 25, went out to hear Gen. Baker shout on the question now agitating the
13th reg. Reported they are fighting towards Corinth.
25-Friday
Rainy, cold, muddy day. We had orders
to march this morning but it was not done. They are trying to force us
into the work in our feeble condition. Only two reported from Co. A for
duty. It is an errand base. I wrote a lot of descriptive notes.
We were ordered again to go to the brigade camp. a few of us went. I
returned to our old camp to sleep.
26-Saturday
Clear, warm day. We prepared to
occupy our new camp. The Union regiment is at last formed by forcing the
14th in to it. Great deal of dissatisfaction manifested. Only myself
reported at the new camp from our Co. Some of our sick are sent on to the
boat, others detailed to wait on them. Reported that Corinth is evacuated.
27-Sunday
Fine day, a little to warm for comfort.
I have been doing more business today that I am accustomed to, or is agreeable.
There is all kinds of performances in camp, excepting observing the Sabbath.
Some new reports afloat, but nothing reliable. I visited the hospital
boat, the City of Memphis. Saw one of our wounded back.
28-Monday
Another warm day, some scattering clouds.
We shipped our property belonging to the prisoners. I believe they are to
be taken to St. Louis. I fixed up for moving my quarters permanently.
The report today is that New Orleans is taken by our forces. Also that
they are fighting towards Corinth. I hope it may soon be over.
29-Tuesday
Raining this morning, cloudy all day.
We have orders to march at one. Mr. Moir from Eldora, Iowa came after his
brother today. He brought the news of my brother's death. Sorrowful
news. We marched all afternoon and camped about four miles from the river.
Saw some prisoners brought in. I abhor war.
30-Wednesday
Damp, cloudy day. We set out in good
season, marched slowly until about two o'clock when we camped in a field close
by a creek. The appearance of the country is much better. Soil
richer. Our teams started for the river. This has been a melancholy
march for me. Almost left alone in the world but one sent? me.
MAY
1-Thursday
Pretty cold this morning but clear and warm
day. We have orders to march at ten o'clock. Started at the
appointed hour. Marched about three miles and camped in heavy timber.
Pretty good looking country but very little cultivated. Reported that
Savannah is taken by the rebels. This is a very pleasant climate. I
saw one cornfield. One of our teams arrived this evening.
2-Friday
Had a sprinkle of rain last night.
This is a fine, clear, pleasant day. We got our regular today. This
morning, my dose was rather heavy. We lay here all day doing nothing to
amount to much. I wrote a letter. I feel melancholy. Some more
of our boys came up. We have orders to march tomorrow morning. Still
advancing towards Corinth.
3-Saturday
Some cloudy this morning, which grew
thicker as the day advanced. We struck tents, packed up and started out
about 8 o'clock. Marched 4 or 5 miles and camped in an old field.
The country looks much better for farming. The houses are more numerous
and some of them inhabited. We are close to the enemy. I was
detailed as Sargent of the picket guard tonight.
3-Sunday
Calm, cloudy and cool. I heard heavy
cannonading last evening; the reported cause was Lope taking Farmington,
cannonading towards Corinth this morning, cause not yet known. Reported
that the rebels are evacuating Corinth, I think it doubtful. I was
relieved from picket duty about 4 o'clock this evening. Troops are moving
out beyond us by the thousands. Rained all afternoon and night.
5-Monday
Still raining this morning, soon commenced
breaking away, clear afternoon. Troops are still advancing. The
Telegraph is being erected to this place. We have to turn over some of our
teams and tents. We are bored ridiculously. I was placed on picket
guard again, we stayed out about two hours and then were called in. Had
dress parade again.
6-Tuesday
Fine, clear day, cool northern breeze.
I took a fine cold bath, and changed linen. Three more reports afloat
today. I consider them as vapor. Nothing interesting going on in
camp. More than regular camp duties. Some Southern ladies visited us
this evening on dress parade. Our grub is growing short. Reported
that Brice is coming in our rear.
7-Wednesday
Warm, pleasant day, cool night last night.
We have orders to drill three hours per day. Our Division was reviewed
today by Gen. Davis. The review ground is in a wheat field. I fear
the crop will be slim. Our troops look well. We have a report today
in regard to the rebels making propositions for peace, I don't believe it.
Cool night with a heavy dew.
8-Thursday
Another warm day, some cloudy and hazy in
the evening. We received orders to march at 12 o'clock. Accordingly
started out, marched about 2-1/2 miles and camped in a field. The
appearance of the country is still better, some good looking farms and houses.
The inhabitants appear to be Secesh. The fruit trees are loaded with
fruit. Garden scarce, nearly ready to eat.
9-Friday
Some cloudy, but mostly clear, very warm.
We were called into line before noon, went out on inspection before Gen. Davis,
for the purpose of training the officers. Returned to camp and stacked
arms in line of battle. Sat our dinner in that position. Heavy
cannonading nearly all day towards Corinth. We lay in line of battle until
night, then went to bed on the ground.
10-Saturday
Very warm day. We received the order
this morning to go to work immediately throwing up entrenchments in front of our
camp. We pitched in, carrying rails, cotting brush, hauling logs, and
digging and shoveling so that by evening we had it nearly completed.
Reported that the rebels are advancing on us. Troops are still going out.
Reported that Gov. Kirkwood is at Zitleburg landing. Reported troubles in
Iowa.
11-Sunday
Hot day, thunderstorm to the east. I
was detailed on guard, have some drunken prisoners. Our brigade is still
working on the entrenchments. We expect the battle will soon commence.
No divine services going on, bad state of affairs, on the Sabbath. Saw
General Kalleck with his bodyguard of three companies of cavalry. Heard a
little picket firing after night.
12-Monday
Don't get any colder, clear and hot.
After being relieved from guard, I went into the timber and wrote a letter.
I don't feel so well. Two or three more reports in camp. One is that
Memphis is taken, another is that Corinth is evacuated, they are still doubtful.
Great preparations for battle still in progress.
13-Tuesday
Clear and warm, fine breeze afloat.
We were ordered to prepare to march at a moments warning, obeyed the order,
about twelve o'clock we took up our line of march, marched about two miles and
camped in the timber, in the rear of a large plantation. Our cavalry drove
in the rebel pickets. It appears that Corinth is not evacuated.
14-Wednesday
Another hot day, a little cloudy in the
morning. We went out on review with the artillery and cavalry; went
through the motions of a fight. Hear cannonading on the right wing.
I suppose they are skirmishing with the enemy. We have hard work to get
water in this part of the world. I hope we will get farther north in a
short time. I can hear the rebel car whistle. They still live.
15-Thursday
Awful hot day, getting considerable dusty.
We had orders to march this morning but did not get started. We went on
division drill again today. Had a very fine military display. I hear
our boys have all left Pittsburgh. Hear some firing to the right.
This was is a perfect bore. We have a very poor variety of food and my
appetite is dull, so I eat but little.
16-Friday
Home flying clouds but awful warm day.
No signs of moving today. Again we were out on division drill, we made a
botch of our chart, our officers don't know, and the men don't care. Hear
considerable firing by the pickets in front of our division. I understand
they are keeping each other from the water. Reported that our regiment is
going to Iowa soon. I think its doubtful.
17-Saturday
The day is hot, with a strong breeze.
I went about one mile and a half to wait and change my clothes. Firing
commenced on our right this morning and continued more or less all day. We
were ordered to build breastworks, had only commenced fairly when we were
ordered to march with two days' notice. We started in the evening, went
about two miles and camped in the timber.
18-Sunday
Cloudy and cold, had a little shower of
rain, ended by this morning. We moved forward half a mile, camped and
commenced building breastworks. I feel unwell and have done nothing.
firing all day along the lines by the pickets. A few of our boys take
prisoners at Pittsburgh have been released on parole. They report the
rebels in poor condition at Corinth.
19-Monday and 20-Tuesday
Pages Torn Out
21-Wednesday
Stormy morning, cleared off about ?
afternoon. We were ordered to march ? into line but didn't move until
nearly ?. Our battery moved out supported by some infantry and drove the
enemy back, went then, advanced nearly a mile and threw up breast works,
skirmishing in our front all day. We slept on our arms, close to the
breast works.
22-Thursday thru 24-Saturday
Pages Torn Out
25-Sunday
cold last night, clear and warm through the
day. We arose early and fell into line expecting an attack, but were not
disturbed. Took breakfast and at nine had inspection of arms. We
then laid still until evening, showing some little respect for the Sabbath, but
still there is a great deal of wickedness carried on, which I abhor. The
reports are not very encouraging for those who desire to live in peace.
(Cloudy night).
26-Monday
Fine, clear morning, warm day, a few
clouds. I am on picket guard today. We have orders to not fire on
the rebels unless we are attacked, consequently, we have been quiet all day.
Hear some cannonading on our left. I suppose they are advancing on
Corinth. We are now in the swamp. Some good timber here. I lay
under an oak tree with a root for my pillow.
27-Tuesday
Very warm day, some clouds afloat. I
came off of picket again. I lay around most of the day, done some
tailoring. Reported that the rebels are receiving reinforcements.
Not much skirmishing done today along the lines. We have lookout erected
along our lines. I don't know what the ?? until some of our boys came to
see us this morning from ?. We have reinforcements ?.
28-Wednesday
Splendid looking morning, hot through the
day. We were drawn into line of battle, and had to stack arms before
sunrise. About ten o'clock cannonading commenced on the right and left.
Also some sharp musketry. We were hurried to arms after dinner, and
advanced beyond our breastworks about a quarter, here we lay in line of battle
until bedtime. Then returned to quarters, went to bed. About ten we
fell into the entrenchment.
29-Thursday
Too hot to be comfortable, some cloudy in
the evening. About ten o'clock we marched in line of battle beyond the
breastworks, and lay in that position until afternoon, then returned to the
camp, had no further exercise until dress parade came off. Some heavy
cannonading on our left through the day. The president has called for more
troops. Times have a gloomy appearance, we lay with our arms all night.
30-Friday
Cloudy morning, some appearance of rain,
cleared before noon. Some heavy explosions heard in the direction of
Corinth. At ten we were ordered to have two days rations in haversacks,
and be ready to march immediately. Reported that Corinth evacuated.
(Afternoon) ordered with three days rations in haversacks. The report is
confirmed. The rebels have gone. We started in pursuit, with all our
baggage, marched till dark, camped in a rye field.
31-Saturday
If it was not for a strong, cool breeze,
this could be an awful hot day. After breakfast we started on the march,
by marching slow and making long rests, we got but a few miles, between three
and four o'clock we camped on the ground. The rebels just deserted.
It is on a small creek, in the edge of the timber. The "Secesh" have left
in a hurry, by the looks of the provisions left behind. Hear some
cannonading ahead.
JUNE
1-Sunday
Partly cloudy, and partly clear, had a fine
shower of rain. We lay here all day, our tent came up and we pitched them.
Heard some more cannonading south from us. Hear various reports, but none
confirmed. The rebels have destroyed a large amount of property and
provisions before leaving and have left a great deal untouched.
2-Monday
Hot day, heavy thunderstorm, showery all
day. I employed the most of my time in writing today. Done some
policing. Great destruction of property through here, the farms are laid
waste. Fruit looks well. The Secesh keep coming in every day, some
are taken and others give themselves up. They report seceshionism about
played out. I hope it is.
3-Tuesday
Some cloudy, hot as ever, fine breeze.
I done some washing. We have morning orders for two days rations in
haversacks, and be ready to march at any moment. Reported that Richmond
and Memphis are both taken. The pickets report the arrival of cars at
Corinth. Two regiments have gone out to repair the railroad. Had
another shower of rain.
4-Wednesday
Cloudy morning, cleared off after noon.
We started on the march about eleven o'clock. Marched until ten o'clock at
night. We passed through some good country, crossed the Tuscumbia River,
the land is swampy on each side. The rebels have burnt all the bridges, we
have to rebuild them. We passed a small town, camped in the timber, corn
is knee high in the region.
5-Thursday
Cloudy and cool morning, warm and
principally clear through the day. There is some large, good looking farms
in here, fine looking orchards. I saw them harvesting wheat today.
Long trains of troops and teams are on the move out after the rebels. I
stewed some green apples, but they are a little too green. Reported
skirmish out south of here. We have no tents here yet.
6-Friday
Foggy, cloudy and cool until towards noon
when it cleared. I received a letter from home which is a great
satisfaction to me. I had an interview with Gen. Sweeney. I consider
him no man at all in principle. We started on the march at four o'clock,
marched until one after midnight. We crossed two or three creeks, passed
through a small village. The country generally is a fine looking country.
We got lost, had to return part of the way.
7-Saturday
Morning cloudy, day partly clear, had a
slight shower. We arranged our camp, cleaned off the rubbish, and fixed
things generally. This is a fine farming region, but water is awful scarce
and is hardly "comeatable". The union sentiment is might weak in here, but
I notice the rebels' property is very carefully guarded by our soldiers.
Reported that the cars are running from Memphis to Corinth.
8-Sunday
Pleasant day, fine cool breeze. I
done some writing and reading, passed most of the day in the shade. Other
regiments are moving around, and arranging their camping ground. We
received orders to have three days rations in haversacks, and be ready to march
tomorrow morning early. Our commissary received a large supply of rations
from the river.
9-Monday
Last night was cold. This is a fine
clear day, a strong north wind. We arose early and prepared to march.
The order was then countermanded. Reported that Gen. Davies died last
night from the effects of poison. I am acting as corporal of the guard.
Our guard is light. Our regiment was on drill one hour, and on dress
parade today. This division is now commanded by Gen. Oglesby. How
pleasing to the ear is music in the forest.
10-Tuesday
Warm, clear day with a pleasant breeze.
No order for moving. We had dress parade at nine this morning. Had
strict orders read against gambling. five companies of our regiment are
detailed on grand guard, we went out about two miles at four o'clock.
I volunteered to stand on one post. I notice the fields here are full of
petrified shells. The mulberries are getting ripe.
11-Wednesday
Clear and hot. We kept our posts
until about five and then returned to camp. The new guard was placed
closer to camp, all of the troops have moved, excepting our division.
Reported that the prisoners of our regiment are at St. Louis, also some others.
Received marching orders at eleven. Move everything at four in the
morning. My health is not good.
12- Thursday
Awful hot dry day. We were up early
and prepared to march. Started about six o'clock, hardest days marching I
ever experienced. The dust rolled in perfect clouds. We are steering
for Pittsburgh landing. Marched until sunset and camped on the east side
of the Tuscumbia River in an old field. I nearly give out, but succeeded
in reaching camp. I believe all the army are falling back towards the
river.
13-Friday
Hot as ever. Some clouds in the
afternoon. We started early and marched until about eleven then camped in
the timber two or three miles south of Corinth. I having eaten almost
nothing for two days and being very weak, was obligated to lay down on the way.
After resting a short time, I followed up by taking a "little toddy" and plenty
of lemonade and felt refreshed. Our boys are running the cars through
here.
14-Saturday
Just such a day as yesterday. I feel
weak, but think I will soon improve. I went to the creek, done some
washing and took a bath. After returning I wrote a letter. The boys
are running some hand cars on the track from Corinth. I suppose Richmond
is at last taken. Had dress parade twice today. Have orders that we
help to guard this fort.
15-Sunday
Clear, dry and hot. We had two dress
parades and inspection of arms today. I wrote a letter and read some,
which was the extent of my labor. No indications of Richmond being taken
yet. Memphis is all right. We had preaching this evening by the
chaplain of the 14th Iowa. Sounds very natural but is of rare occurrence
in the camp. I hope it will become more frequent.
16-Monday
Forenoon hot, in the afternoon we had some
thundershowers, which was very reviving. I took a morning bath; after
breakfast I visited the celebrated fountain above the railroad on the creek.
It is a nice place and is the best water I have drunk in the state. The
railroads in the country are well built and have cost a great deal in their
construction. We do some policing every day in order to keep the camp
clean.
17-Tuesday
Morning and evening cloudy, clear and warm
through the day with a fine breeze. I was appointed to oversee the wood
and water squad, had rather a small squad. We went through the usual
routine of military duties. We have orders to stop burning rails.
Had a fine treat of blackberries and parsley greens today. I hear some
more of our boys have returned from prison.
18-Wednesday
Heavy thunderstorms this morning, cleared
about 8 o'clock. Fine northern breeze all day. We done some
policing, drilled some in the manuel of arms, had inspection of arms, and
attended to other camp duties. Reported that we will soon be disbanded.
I suppose we will when the war is over. No news from Richmond. All
quiet near Corinth. Some arrests made for gambling. We had a lecture
from our chaplain. cool night.
19-Thursday
Cooler than usual. Some cloudy with a
cool northern breeze. We done some heavy policing this morning.
Other duties about same as yesterday. Some of the 12th are drawing
clothes. The government furnishes pretty good clothing. Again the
report comes that Richmond is taken. It is not reliable. We have
orders for no man to leave camp without a pass. I feel very unwell.
20-Friday
Last night was cold enough for two
blankets. Today is clear and pleasant. Reported that the rebels are
getting troublesome on the railroad and part of our division is ordered out.
They say they are enlisting regulars in Corinth. We made an addition to
our police grounds. A prisoner from the 8th Iowa came to camp today.
He made his escape. I have an awful headache.
21-Saturday
Fine, clear, pleasant day. It is not
pleasant sleeping on the ground. Hot, still I feel refreshed. We had
two dress parades and other duties as usual. I have access to our
chaplain's library, so I spent most all day in reading. This is what I
have desired. It is reported that they are disbanding some regiments in
Corinth, and enlisting regulars. I doubt the former. I took a fine
bath.
22-Sunday
Beautiful day, but rather warm for comfort.
We had dress parade and inspection and were requested by the Colonel to keep
quiet and rest, as this was a day of rest. We done so to some extent.
At seven at night we had a very good sermon by our chaplain from these words,
"behold the lamb of God". The cars are running through to Memphis, it is
said.
23-Monday
Another hot day. Hear the artillery
drilling before breakfast. Hear volleys of musketry out in front. I
suppose it is the old picket guard. Reported that they are fighting out on
the railroad. I saw the funeral of a captain of the 7th Iowa, very solemn
affair. We had awful strict orders on dress parade, military despotism is
showing itself.
24-Tuesday
Still and warm, some clouds, thunderstorms
in the afternoon, to the north, only a sprinkle here. My partner and
myself erected a fine bunk, composed of forks, poles, and bark. By the
papers I see that very few of our boys are released from the "dixie" prison.
News from Richmond is not important. Our officers are working on the
payrolls. We had to grub out all stalls, 700 ft. in front of our "colorline".
25-Wednesday
Warm and hazy, some appearance of rain,
thunderstorm to the south. I am corporal of the guard. The guard is
rather small potatoes. Half of our regiment is on grand guard. Gen.
Sweeney has gone east. I hope he will never return. colonel Rice of
the 7th Iowa takes his place. Reported that Richmond is evacuated.
"All quiet on the Tennessee."
26-Thursday
Hot, some scattering clouds, light shower
in the evening. I went to the creek and done a small washing, to the
amount of 1 pr. Drawers, 1 pr. Socks, and my physical organization. Find
it very beneficial. There is a "great deal" of surmising and cursing in
regard to our future destiny, as a regiment. I fear that the 72th reg.
will be entirely annihilated. (I wrote 2 letters).
27-Friday
Calm, warm, hazy morning, another slight
shower afternoon. Nothing unusual or interesting in progress. The
usual amount of gossip and lounging around to pass away time. I spent most
all day in reading. Received news by the Rardin paper of our capt. and
boys in Dixie prison. They have suffered severely. I am getting more
fully convinced that war is wrong.
28-Saturday
Dull appearing morning, distant rumbling of
thunder, commenced raining before 7 o'clock, continued at it until about noon.
I assisted some in preparing payroll. We had orders read on dress parade,
in regard to the cooking, eating, washing and bathing departments, which was
sensible to the last. I hope there will be some improvement in this
department.
29-Sunday
Fine, warm day, heard the rumbling of
distant thunder. All the military performances we had was dress parade and
inspection. Kept quiet through the day. I did considerable reading,
and a little writing. A great many sick and absent soldiers are coming in
today, and with the rest, our first "Lieut", A. E. Webb. Also Lieutenant
colonel of the 18th.
30-Monday
Pleasant but rather hot. We were
inspected and mustered for pay at 8 o'clock. Lieut. Colonel gave us a
shake of the POW as if glad to see us. The news is that our prisoners are
to be released soon. Reported that McClellan is whipped at Richmond, and
some of the western troops are ordered there. I hope it is a lie.
There are some insects in this camp that are very unpleasant. I have an
awful headache.
JULY
1-Tuesday
Dark, cloudy morning, rained until noon,
cool and cloudy all day. We finished the payrolls today and are now ready
to receive pay. Reported hat our men have been shipped in at Carolina.
Report from Richmond contradicted. Business on the railroad here appears
to be increasing. We had a fine brass band serenade this evening. (Cool).
2-Wednesday
Clear and cool morning, warm through the
day. I finished writing a letter to friend Rowers. Colonel Coulter
took command of the union brigade. He is a poor commander. We had
two dress parades. The rest of the time was spent in lounging, reading,
writing, and eating. Report is that our men have been driven back from
Boonsville. (Warm).
3-Thursday
Fine, clear morning. Hot day with a
fine northern breeze. I, with my squad, did some policing and carried some
wood for our brick oven which turns out some find bread. The orders from
the war department is that no enlisted man shall have a furlough under any
circumstances. This I consider inhuman. The cars are doing good
business here. We have news of a fight at Richmond.
4-Friday
Splendid day, but rather warm for comfort.
I done nothing worthy of note. I believe all the "Star Spangled Banners"
are hoisted that are in camp. Heavy cannonading all around in
commemoration of the day of independence. The boys are buoyant. The
news is both encouraging and disheartening. We had a grand candle
illumination and brass band serenade after dark.
5-Saturday
Dry and hot, a few white clouds afloat.
After dress parade, I took up my line of march for the creek (armed with a camp
kettle and piece of soap) where I found some fire which I used in removing dirt
from my clothes and person. The reports today are very discouraging.
Our provisions are getting pretty slim. Some "scull & duggery" somewhere.
6-Sunday
Hot as ever, if not hotter, very slight
breeze stirring. The order on dress parade is that all absent soldiers
unaccounted for are to be published as deserters. We took one day's
rations and the "left wing" of our "union brigade" went on grand guard. We
advanced one mile and a half and placed ourselves. The farms out here look
rather shabby. The people are Secesh. All fruits and poultry have to
suffer.
7-Monday
The word "hot" will comprehend the state of
the weather today to a t.y.te. I nearly went to sleep on post last night.
I went beyond the lines this morning to get blackberries or some kind of fruit,
but failed in the enterprise. We were relieved and returned to camp at
noon. They have had some hard fighting at Richmond. We had orders to
drill 2 hours a day.
8-Tuesday
Still hot and dusty. No signs of
rain. Agreeable to orders, we drilled some today for refusing to appear on
dress parade. Some of the 8th were put on heavy duty. I saw two
carloads of cotton go into Corinth. I finished writing a letter to R.F.R.,
saw two funerals, one buried without a coffin, rather inhuman looking.
From what I can learn, I judge McClellan is whipped.
9-Wednesday
Some cloudy, but hot as ever. I done
some more writing and reading, drilled a little. After dinner we were
inspected by the inspecting general in arms, clothing and the camp generally.
I hear the president has called for 300,000 more volunteers. This will be
a hard draw, both in men and money. I bathe every day, and find in
conducive to health. The prodigals are still returning.
10-Thursday
Warm and showers, with some heavy thunder.
I finished writing a letter. The camps here are getting more sickly.
One man in the 14th Ia. Died very suddenly today. Some new regiments are
suffering severely. The news from Richmond is a little more encouraging.
We policed the camp throughout again today. Reported that the rebels have
burned a bridge on the road to Columbus. We have no mail for two days.
11-Friday
Morning cloudy and warm, a little shower
through the day. Nothing new to note. The world wags; and we pass
through the usual routine of duties. Two funerals here today, one a young
lady, a citizen here. The mail again arrived bringing me two letters.
Some improvement is being made in our commissary department. Our old
quartermaster is reinstated.
12-Saturday
About sunrise we have a heavy fog, soon
cleared off, hot as usual; fine north breeze. I, with some more of the
boys, done some very fine washing. After this I took dinner, took a nap,
wrote some, played marbles, drilled a little and so on. Reported that Ft.
Darling near Richmond is taken. We had the first 11 articles of the
regulations read to us. When the officers live up to them, then the
soldiers will.
13-Sunday
Serene, bright, clear morning; hot through
the day. I am on guard again on Sunday. I would rather rest than
labor today. We have a fine lot of prisoners under guard, principally for
refusing to do duty. Another funeral in the 7th Ia. today, very
impressive. We have an additional supply of cooking utensils, and tents.
I hope we will fare better.
14-Monday
Forenoon hot, afternoon cloudy and showery,
almost a hurricane. We had two hours' drill and dress parade. Other
things as usual. One of Co. A. arrived today from Keokuk, Ia., also, our
quartermaster, J. B. Door. He reports the prospect good for an exchange of
our prisoners. News from the east uninteresting. Good prospect for
some more hard fighting. A funeral in the 14th Ia.
15-Tuesday
Bright, clear morning with a cool bracing
breeze, cloudy afternoon, some shower around. I did some writing besides
working on the wood and water squad. Some talk of a change in the location
of our camp. We are just getting fixed to live. J. B. Corr is
working for our benefit. I understand that A. E. Webb is promoted to
Captain and T. B. Edgington First Lieut. of Co. A. I took a fine bath.
16-Wednesday
Warm and cloudy this morning becoming
showery towards evening. We are still in expectations of being released
from this "?????? brigade". If not soon, at least sometime after the war
is over by paying 50 cts. We come into the possession of a chicken out of
which we built a potpie. It goes fine. Anticipating a fight in this
"neck of the woods".
17-Thursday
Rained hard nearly all night. Still
at it this morning, strong wind. The springs are all muddy. Coffee
looks as if it had milk in it. Cleared off towards evening. I wrote
a letter to G.N.R. Done no drilling today. The boys are paddling
around barefoot through the mud. No clothes to be drawn in the "union
brigade". We got some green peach sauce.
18-Friday
Bright clear morning, damp with a cool
breeze. The right wing of this brigade have gone on grand guard. We
had a fine mess of beefsteak. Some of Co. A. went out and drew some apples
which makes fine sauce. Our teams returned from the river. The
creeks are very boisterous. Funeral in the 14 Ia. Some more of the
12th arrived from home. Our Lieutenant is about resigning. His
health is poor. This has been a hot day.
19-Saturday
Very hot day, some appearance of rain.
I have worked considerable today at carrying water, wood chopping and soon to
bake some pies out of green apples, which are nice and good. Many are
getting discharged from the service. The news from all parts are rather
discouraging. Gorillas are at work. Some dissatisfaction manifested
in regard to our coming officers. We agree to recommend one.
20-Sunday
Last night was awful warm. This
morning is some cloudy. Hear distant thunder. Soon cleared off.
Hot day. I rested as much as circumstances admit of. We had
inspection of arms. The creek is pretty well patronized by soldiers today.
Some reports read on dress parade from the military coats. Some severe
sentences. Some moving amongst our troops. Fighting anticipated in
Mississippi and Tennessee.
21-Monday
A little cooler early this morning.
Nice and clear, hot as usual through the day. A man in the 8th Ia. was
accidentally shot by another man carelessly handling a revolver. He was
buried this evening. Reported fighting at Boonsville and Jackson. I
see on of the 58th ill with a ball and chain to his let. Rather hard
sentence. Our soup today is of the mixed order. Some of our boys are
burying Secesh meat.
22-Tuesday
Just as hot as ever, some clouds in the
afternoon, at dark it begins to thunder. We have nothing to change the
general routine of duties. G. W. Mitchell on of Co. A. arrived in camp
today. He is from the hospital boat. Our bread today is heavy, solid
and sour. We did some more washing and annihilating. Another one of
the 12th arrived. The boys appear jubilant, but still manifest great
dissatisfaction.
23-Wednesday
Rained nearly all night last. Cloudy
and wet this morning, showery through the day. I have been on guard.
How I like to see the petty officers show their authority. There is too
much of it in this brigade. Some new tents, clothing, dishes and cooking
utensils came to camp. Another funeral in the 58th goes. Our court
martial is still in session. I see two or three butter moths cool.
24-Thursday
Some cooler, nice and clear, hot through
the day; I am relieved. Feel unwell. Done considerable of lounging
and napping. We drew some new clothes and cooking utensils. Our Co.
or regiment is getting so large that we have to squad off in order to make it
more convenient. Reported that Ft. Henry is taken by the Secesh. The
gorillas are hard at work. They ought to be hung higher than hangmen or
shot deader than a mackerel.
25-Friday
Last night was cooler than usual.
This is a fine, clear day with a strong northern breeze. I have been
working at cleaning my gun. The regiment was detailed to police our new
camp. We cleaned it up. I saw a corn mill and cotton press that run
by horse power. We received copies of the new Cairo paper today. The
news is not flattering. volunteering is progressing.
26-Saturday
Commenced raining before daylight.
Continued showery until towards noon, afternoon clear. I washed some
and scoured up. Some members of the 12th arrived today, among them Surgeon
Finley. I understand he is to take charge of affairs here. I
received two letters from home. They have splendid crops up in Iowa.
Reported that the rebels are in the Grand Junction. I think we will be
attacked here.
27-Sunday
Warm day, some hazy, still a fine breeze.
We appeared on inspection after breakfast. Our arms and accoutrements are
of various calibers. We rested until dress parade. Some of our men
were taken by the guard in their wanderings. I understand some of the Ia
7th were caught by the rebels. I have been writing and carrying water for
the cook. Reported that a general exchange of prisoners is agreed upon.
28-Monday
Clear and hot, distant thunder in the
evening. We moved out to our new camp. It is a fine location but
water is awful scarce. We camped, rear in front, which I consider a grand
mistake. I hear the firing of salutes, for a burial or something else.
I am told that our division has left here, gone to meet the rebels. The
boys are pitching into the green corn. It is rather young. We have
new pot stove.
29-Tuesday
This morning is some cloudy, with a breeze
form the southeast, middle of the day hot. Thunderstorms in evening.
We went on grand guard, not over half a mile form our camp, rather close for to
be useful. Orders to arrest all that have no pass. I saw the cotton
gin at work. It is quite a marching to separate the seed from the cotton.
Reports of more rebel depredations on the railroad.
30-Wednesday
cloudy and warm morning, thunderstorms
through the day. I feel unwell. We were relieved from grand guard.
Drew our rations of "rotgut", also some flour. I have eaten very little
for 24 hours. Rations are getting short. The boys are making an
improvement by drawing fresh pork, geese, chickens and fruit. No salt in
camp. I have erected an old he dinner table. Reports of more
fighting. The presence of the Yankee boys makes the negros saucy.
31-Thursday
Warm, cloudy and showery all day. We
were taken out on the grand review before Gen. Davies who has returned from the
east. We had a warm time but not long. Three more members of Co. A.
came to camp. They look healthy. We are now 17 in number. We
are forbidden pay hauling rails. Some of our boys draw a nice lot of honey
from the southern federacy. Stormy night.
AUGUST
1-Friday
Still cloudy and cool this morning.
Cleared about noon, fine cool breeze from the North afternoon. We
breakfasted on warm biscuit and honey. We have been policing and fixing up
bunks, preparing to live at home. "They say" we are going to get some pay.
Some out of our regiment are going to recruit for the 12th. No late papers
in camp. Fine night.
2-Saturday
Quite cool and some cloudy in the morning,
soon cleared, fine day. I, with some of the other boys, done some washing
and had a fine bath. Lt. Bowers another member of Co. A arrived in camp.
We are still taking lessons in the policing art. Co. R of the union
brigade is ordered out on detached service. Awful heavy firing in front
this evening. Proved to be a sham battle. We are erecting new bake
ovens.
3-Sunday
Cloudy and cool this morning, cleared off
before noon. Thunderstorm in the South. I did some writing.
J.R.C. Hunter's commission came today. We had a brigade dress parade and
drill. Our colonel is not competent to command a regiment. There are
too many such officers; it is ruining the union cause. Considerable noise
in camp tonight.
4-Monday
Another pleasant day, pretty warm.
Some appearance of rain in the south. I did some writing, policing and
other camp duties. We signed the payrolls. I got my hair cut short.
News from all quarters is rather gloomy. volunteering is progressing, but
it is thought drafting will have to be resorted to. One of our boys has
received his discharge. Others need theirs.
5-Tuesday
Bright, clear morning, cool healthy breeze,
hot day. I have been acting corporal of a fatigue squad, digging wells,
and very little prospect of water. The regiment on battalion drill this
evening. I had an interview with the Col., an order issued for more
recruiting officers. I would like to be one of that number. An old
Secesh in camp to see the Col. The boys are appropriating his corn and
poultry to their use.
6-Wednesday
Awful hot day, nearly all the regiment are
detailed on grand guard. We advanced about a mile and half. I acted
as corporal of the first relief. There is plenty of peaches and apples on
the line, but none ripe. Still they are used to good advantage. Our
orders are more strict than usual. Plenty of girls around our picket line.
Splendid night.
7-Thursday
Still warm, with some flying clouds, and
cool breeze. We came off picket, got our rations of whisky. This
country is covered with Secesh camps. They have had a large force in this
part of the world. The troops are getting paid here. I took a bath,
saw some contrabands. We received the first copy of the Corinth war eagle.
It is a nice little sheet.
8-Friday
This certainly is a very warm day. I
am again on guard. We are at Gen. Nackelby's headquarters. Very
light duty, and cool place. Some of our boys are almost rejected on
account of poor clothing. The government is getting in earnest, 300,000
more men called for immediately. Reported that some are fleeing to escape
a draft. Quite a number are deserting the Army here. (Court martial
in session).
9-Saturday
Clear and hot, but still a fine breeze.
I came off guard. I notice I have an awful cold and cough. A
prisoner escaped from the guard house, but was soon caught and tied up. I
done some washing, and had a fine bath. The waters are getting very low.
No pay yet, some corrections to make in the payrolls. Richmond reported
evacuated.
10-Sunday
Today is hot, hotter, hottest, and were it
not for a cool breeze, it would be hard to live under. I am writing and
lying around. Hear some awful heavy salutes fires on the report that
Richmond is taken. We have orders to do some "foraging". I helped to
do some singing, the first for a long time.
11-Monday
Some cloudy, but very warm, hear distant
thunder. I helped to haul some water, pretty hard work, but pays well.
Had no further exercise until dress parade. Reported that some more troops
are ordered out from here. A foraging train started out this morning,
another this evening. News from the war department is not flattering.
12-Tuesday
Well, today is hot without doubt and I
fully realize it. We were ordered on to grand guard again. Returned
to camp about noon and drew our pay for two months. Came to the picket
line again and took our posts. We had a slight skirmish with some Secesh
hogs. One was killed, which made good soup. Apples and peaches are
still abundant.
13-Wednesday
Hot and clear, with a fine breeze. We
returned from guard, drew our toddy, and also drew some more clothing.
Money is plenty. Some of the boys are "half seas over". Affairs are
transacted in a loose manner. I done a little writing and took a fine
bath. We had to appear before Gen. Davies, and Ogles for inspection.
14-Thursday
Awful hot, but still a breeze part of the
day. I have an awful cold, feel under the weather. I have been
assisting to make out the muster rolls. The union brigade sent out a
foraging train this morning. They returned late with plenty of fruit,
grain, poultry and other things. They report men scarce, not much signs of
unionism. Signs of a storm this evening.
15-Friday
Awful hard storm of wind last night, rained
some this morning, soon cleared off. I went to the city of Corinth for the
first time - smart little town. Considerable business done but rather slow
considering its age. We got 6 loads of rations. Report of a hard
fight in Virginia, didn't learn the results. Letters from Iowa say they
are volunteering fast.
16-Saturday
Very cold morning for the season, cool
breeze all day. We received orders to march early this morning.
Struck tents, loaded the teams, and started on the march after breakfast.
We marched until after dinner when we camped in Danville. It is a town of
few houses but a beautiful situation we pitched no tents. Reported that we
have to go ahead.
17-Sunday
Cool night and morning, warm day. We
lay here all day. Different reports in regards to our destination.
One is we have to take this post in the place of the 26th Ills. Again, we
have to go to Rianze and so on. We are unsettled. I went to
preaching at ten, had a good sermon. I wrote a letter to R.F.R., Dr. Nobbs,
Jonks conyer, J.T. Siver and G.B. Sellers arrived today. Strict orders
read on dress parade.
18-Monday
Some cloudy with a strong breeze, still
warm. We have to stay here. The 26th ill. Started out early.
I went on picket guard. We did not advance very far. Our orders are
very strict. We are anticipating one attack. Raining nearly all day.
Our camp is in a beautiful grove. The inhabitants here are Secesh -
without a doubt. Our regiment was mustered today. Co. A reported 3
deserters.
19-Tuesday
Last night was damp and cloudy. Today
is principally cloudy with a cool breeze. After a long time we are
relieved from guard. I have been engaged some in the bunk business.
I carried dinner to the picket at the railroad bridge. The rebels have
burnt these bridges once. Part of the 12th went out scouting. The
2nd Iowa infantry arrived here. I bathed.
20-Wednesday
This morning is cool and cloudy, cleared
off through the day. I have been assisting the boys to erect a dining
table. Got some fine peaches to eat. Fruit is abundant in this
country. This is calculated for a good country for faming, if the people
were of the right stamp. The 2nd Iowa went out farther today. A
rebel camp reported within 15 miles of here.
21-thursday
Cool and clear this morning, warm day.
I have been doing nothing particular today, except to police some and help to
keep things strait. Some more recruits for the 12th arrived this evening.
Reported that the rebels have taken two of our boats on the Tennessee.
30,000 troops ordered here. All quiet in Danville.
22-Friday
Fine day again, warm enough for comfort.
I have a large washing today. Received a letter, and wrote one. We
sent out a foraging train this morning. They didn't make it pay.
Hear cannonading towards Boonsville. Some firing around our picket line.
Our boys bring in a prisoner occasionally. One of our men was accidentally
shot in the arm.
23-Saturday
Although today is quite warm, still we have
a cool breeze. I am detailed again as corporal of the picket guard.
Our duties are about the same, have to be vigilant and keep our eyes peeled.
Too much playing cards on guard to suit me. Our boys purchased a sheep,
which we never refuse at the table. volunteering is progressing finely in
the north. Drafting will soon commence, so the papers say.
24-Sunday
Considerable on the hot order. Some
white clouds afloat. I was relieved from guard and returned to camp.
Done nothing more today but lay around, read and sleep. No news of
importance from the different war departments. Still some guerilla
fighting. A few more recruiting officers started out this morning.
They say we have to be filled by drafting.
25-Monday
The severity of the heat is somewhat
lessened by a cool breeze, some clouds. I discover that it takes a pile of
money to buy a little suttlering, must be profitable. Our teams went to
Corinth after forage. The boys say they are preparing for a fight there.
The rebels have taken Clarksville. Reported that Fort Donelson is taken.
A large force reported close.
26-Tuesday
Fine, clear morning, a pleasant breeze
stirring, pretty warm. We had battalion and company drill today.
Reported that the rebels are advancing on us; Co. K. went out to scout.
They saw no Secesh. Reported that our men are in line of battle at Rienza.
The rebels are gaining ground in different localities. Again we are
assured that an exchange of prisoners is being affected.
27-Wednesday
The nights still keep cool. This is a
fine cool morning but hot day. Some excitement in camp occasioned by the
report that the rebels are getting very sociable, so much so that they charged
on the 2nd Ia. but were soon repulsed. With some loss, we have to be on
the alert, but still do very little. Some prospect of having our reg.
filled.
28-Thursday
No particular change in the weather, hot as
ever. I am on regimental guard today. Had battalion drill before
breakfast. We have a poor drill master, but I suppose we will have some
new wrinkles. Two soldiers have been court martialed for sleeping on post.
Reported that the 7th Ia. pickets are driven in. We are ordered to sleep
on our arms.
29-Friday
Clear and hot, and dusty as it ever was.
I am relieved from guard. The rebels have not come yet, only some that
have been taken prisoners. News of Indian massacre in Minnesota.
Active measures taken to meet them. Reported arrival of more troops at
Corinth. We are not in a position to resist a very large force of rebels
here. I bought some milk at 10 cents a pint - exorbitant.
30-Saturday
Still hot, some cloudy, appearance of rain.
We formed for battalion drill at sunrise, but the Colonel failed to make his
appearance so we were dismissed. I feel drowsy and lazy. In the
action at fort Donelson the rebels were routed. More fighting near
Richmond. More arms have arrived. I still practice bathing.
31-Sunday
This morning is warm and hazy, became
cloudy, heavy shower of rain in the evening. We were called into line of
battle before daylight by picket firing. One Co. went our scouting.
At ten we had inspection, and were mustered for pay. Co. K returned arms.
Other co. went out this evening. We have two white and one black
prisoners.
SEPTEMBER
1-Monday
A cloudy, lowery morning, cleared off
towards noon, pleasant day. We have nothing particular to engage our
attention. I notice citizens are getting plenty in here. We
occasionally arrest some of them. I received a letter and wrote an answer
to A.G. Reported more fighting at Fort Donelson. Troops are rolling
out up north. We have a fine mess of corn.
1-Tuesday
Bright, cool morning, warm day, with a cool
northern breeze. I bought some butter but oh... deliver me from eating it.
We have reports of a great battle at bulls run. Our men are victorious.
I was detailed as corporal of the patrol guard. We had to traverse the
streets of this city. Anticipating an attack from cavalry. Our
cotton buyer is here.
2-Wednesday
Cool and clear as a whistle, pleasant day
throughout. I was relieved from duty. Received a letter. Had
some visitors from the 2nd Ia. cavalry. The brindle brigade was on
battalion drill. Report of a big fight in Kentucky where our forces were
whipped. Rumored that we have to leave this camp. The boys are
rather sever on churches here.
4-Thursday
Dew is heavy, air quite cool. Sky
clear as a bell, day is warm. I received a letter and wrote one. The
news from Richmond and the bull run fight is unsatisfactory. I think it
will be a decisive fight. We hear some musketry out in front, perhaps
skirmishing. Some more clothing and some new drums arrived. We have
a good band. Report of another fight in Tennessee. Our men
victorious.
5-Friday
Early this morning it is cloudy and cool,
cleared off, fine day. I received three letters from R.F.R., E.P.R. and W.
Bower. I wrote two. News of more fighting in Rg. The rebels
are driving our men. Times look gloomy. I had the pleasure of eating
peaches and drinking cider. We have arrested another prisoner.
6-Saturday
Fine, clear, pleasant day, pretty warm.
Three regiments passed here this morning that were in advance of us. A
squad of us went out to confiscate some property, we got very little. Eat
some fruit and returned to camp. Our men have been routed at bull run.
Times look gloomy.
7-Sunday
Great changes going on, but not much change
in the weather, some cloudy. I was detailed for grand guard. Too
many of both soldiers and citizens are passing to and fro. Our troops are
evacuating these places. It is evident that we will have to fall back.
Reported that the rebels are advancing in force.
8-Monday
Hot for the time of year, quite dusty.
A slight appearance of rain. I came off of guard. We received orders
to pack all our baggage into the wagons preparatory to moving to the rear in
case of an attack. We done sent some more troops moving towards Corinth,
anticipated attack here. I wrote a letter to R.F.R. We lay on
suspense.
9-Tuesday
Indications of rain, some cloudy and windy,
very warm. After a refreshing sleep, I arose. We are still in an
unsettled condition. Difficult getting any breakfast. The boys are
making the hogs suffer. We have a heavy detail for guard. We
received orders to unload our baggage. The rebels are now so close as was
supposed.
10-Wednesday
Just as fine a day as we usually have,
pretty warm with a fine breeze. We policed our camp with the idea of
staying a few days. Hear the report of musketry out beyond Rienza.
We got rations of whisky. We drew rations from Rienza. The war news
is not flattering by a jug full. We had dress parade. The camp has
settled down to its usual quiet.
11-Thursday
Keeps warm and sultry, slight shower before
daylight, cloudy all day. We had battalion drill early. No father
dates except in the ordinary routine. We have our guard diminished.
News from all parts indicate that we, as the American government, are hard
pressed by rebellion. We have orders for four roll calls tomorrow.
12-Friday
Looks some like rain, strong breeze in the
north. I received a letter from R.F.R. and one from J.H.R. At
forenoon roll call we were ordered to fall into line after dinner at the beating
of the long roll. More teams are passing towards Corinth. We fell in
as ordered. Reported that our pickets drove in at Rienza. I wrote a
letter.
13-Saturday
Mostly cloudy, fine cool breeze but pretty
warm. I was detailed on a police squad. We received orders to move
our baggage to the rear. Sent our most valuable stuff before dinner,
loaded the rest after noon. I got some fine cider to drink. We lay
in the open air. Our scouts report no enemy in force near here.
14-Sunday
Nice, clear day, might be called hot, still
a fine breeze a stirring. We had inspection of arms by Maj. Nepbor of the
2nd Ia Calvary. Attended to the usual number of roll calls. Rumored
that one of our prisoners has been shot. A funeral in the 8th IA. today.
We still lay in an unsettled condition.
15-Monday
On the old stamping ground. Some
cloudy and windy, warm, appearance of rain. Conflicting reports in regard
to a fight at Iuka, and the rebels occupying the place. The secesh are
tampering with the telegraph. We detailed a squad to attend to them.
16-Tuesday
Pretty much like fall weather, cool, cloudy
and windy. We still lay prepared for an attack. Some troops are
advancing. Another foraging train passed here today. Produce and
forage is fast being consumed in this region. We have orders to procure
black cooks. Two more of the 12th arrived. Some rainy this evening.
17-Wednesday
Quite cool, high wind and heavy showers of
rain through the day. We have to police the camp again this morning, with
the view of staying here. Reported that our division has gone to Iuka.
Telegraph dispatch from Washington that General Lee has been captured and the
rebels drove from Maryland. I wrote to E.P.R.
18-Thursday
Rained nearly all night and some this
morning, cleared about noon. We received orders last night about late to
prepare 5 days rations and be ready to march without delay, but still no move.
I received two letters, one from A.J.R., another from R.E.T. I wrote on to
A.J.R.
19-Friday
Somewhat cool this morning, warm clear day,
after the sun arose. I wrote a letter. Our teams went to Corinth
after grub. We have double rations of roll call. We were ordered out
into line to have some glorious news. We give them three times three
cheers. Let them be true or false. The rebels are about cleaned out
on the Potomac. Or head surgeon and 2nd Ast. arrives.
20-Saturday
Today is quite cool, particularly this
morning, clear with a fine breeze. Nothing exciting transpiring. We
had company drill before breakfast. Still no ration to draw. Teams
gone again. The boys are jay hawking all they eat. The news is more
promising. Reports of a fight in Iuka with a severe loss on our side.
21-Sunday
Can't read .............
22-Monday
Very fine day, cloudy in the evening.
I was detailed on picket guard. Our post was half way to Rienza.
Reported that the 2nd Ia. calvary are taken prisoners but twice as driven.
We have very good times on picket excepting the sleeping part. Jay hawking
is getting too prevalent, it is wonderfully reducing the stock of this country.
Report of the Ia. 2nd is contradicted.
23-Tuesday
Weather is cloudy, slight showers of rain
in the morning, some windy. I was relieved from guard and came to camp.
News from Iuka is unsatisfactory. No papers today. They say the
colonel is improving in drill. I think there is great room. Our
guard duties are getting heavier. Rumors of our moving again. We got
our blankets back. Raining this evening.
24-Wednesday
Yet it is cloudy and wet, cleared off at
noon, cool breeze from the north. We drew our regular rations of whiskey.
I done a fine washing. Got a fine mess of persimmons. We have plenty
of sweet potatoes to eat now days. The order is that all persons caught
outside of the picket lines will be reported to Rienza to the general. I
am sorry such an order is necessary.
25-Thursday
? and horizon is clear as a bell, cold
enough this morning to require an overcoat. We passed through the usual
routine of duties until afternoon when we had battalion drill. We had
orders on dress parade that knocks jayhawking. We got the president's
proclamation that knocks slavery. I wrote a letter to Nideraman.
Report of more fighting at boliva.
26-Friday
Can't read.............
27-Saturday
Morning is cloudy with slight showers,
cloudy all day. Shower of rain in the evening, which prevented our drill.
We received intelligence of the death of our Paymaster General. We were
ordered to lay with our arms ready for a fight. Reported that we will be
attacked before morning. Not much danger I think.
28-Sunday
Cloudy and calm, rainy afternoon. We
had inspection of arms, and dress parade, which was the "sum total" of our
military exercises. I spent the day in reading and talking. The
president's proclamation is a subject of considerable controversy in the
military, as well as the civil and political world. Not enough of
unanimity to prosper.
29-Monday
Damp, cloudy morning, cleared off in the
afternoon. Fine evening. I was detailed for guard. I, with six
men, took the post at the railroad bridge. We feasted on muscadons and
hickory nuts. Saw some wild turkeys. The squirrels are abundant in
here. Considerable travel with the hand cars. Cold night.
30-Tuesday
Bright, clear morning, pleasant day.
Came off guard, spent the day without any duties excepting general inspection.
Teams gone to Corinth again after provisions. News from Corinth is not
very interesting or exciting. Reported that the rebels are concentrating
their forces with a view of attacking Corinth. Major General Kosenclung is
in command.
OCTOBER
1-Wednesday
Another fine warm day, some clouds afloat.
We had a small company drill. Our forces are evacuating Rienza. Team
with baggage and some troops are falling back towards Corinth. Reported
that some troops have gone after Price. Report of a skirmish between our
cavalry and the rebels near Roonville. We are left on the advance firing
on the picket lines.
2-Thursday
Becoming cloudy, a slight sprinkle of rain
before noon, heavy shower after dinner. We received orders at noon to
prepare to march immediately. We packed everything and prepared to move
but didn't start until after dark on account of our teams being out foragering.
We moved towards Corinth, crossed the Tuscaumbia and camped on an old camp.
3-Friday
Clear and pleasant morning, warm day.
Hear cannonading near Corinth.
THE END
SUMMARY AT END OF JOURNAL
MAY 16th, 1862 (Dated in book)
Camp near (page torn out at top). We
are now camped in the timber near a large plantation. The face of the
country is more level than in Tennessee, and the soil looks more productive,
fruit is abundant and fast maturing, but the weather is too hot to suit me,
water is scarce and of a poor quality. We have dug the country full of
holes in order to come at some of the pure liquid, but it is only found in small
quantities. There is some good looking farms in this vicinity, which
affords frame houses instead of logs, this looks more like living. The
forest timber is generally large and of a good quality, composed principally of
white, red and black oak with a sprinkling of beach, birch, chestnut, dogwood,
sassafras, and other timber peculiar to this climate. In the line of wild
fruit there is blackberries, raspberries and huckleberries, besides some others.
To judge from observations made after a short sojourn here, I think this is a
pretty healthy country, but still I prefer living farther north. J.S.R.
JUNE 11th, 1862
On grand (page torn out at top) in the
vicinity of Roonville, Mississippi. The principal part of our regiment
being detailed on grand guard, I of course had to be with them, and as there was
one private lacking to fill the posts, I volunteered to stand on it alone, and
it was while in this position that I penned my thoughts. I think how
foolish it is for men of sense and judgment, and apparently men of the soundest
reason, to spend their time, and talents, in inventing implements of the most
murderous character, and enduring the most severe hardships in waring and
fighting with their neighbor with the express purpose of slaying and murdering
him in cold blood. I say how foolish it looks when we sit down and
seriously contemplate the matter. Some difficulty arises between two
nations, and then there are hundreds of men who want to make their mark in the
world who take it up (page torn out) and gass ? over it until it appears
insurmountable and there is but one way to settle it and that is to fight over
it. Consequently, was is declared, millions are spent in arming and
equipping an army of men to kill each other, all of the available means of the
nation are brought into acquisition in order to prosecute the war: everything in
readiness, the terrible slaughter commences, hundreds and thousands are hurried
into eternity without a moment's preparation, hundreds of others are left
cripple and maimed for life, fields are laid waste, crops destroyed, villages
and towns burnt to ashes, business is stagnated, and all is suffering, misery,
misery and death, but most sad of all is the sorrowful wail that comes up from
the widows and orphans, and all the poor of the nation. Where will they go
for bread? Who is the kind friend that will feed them. Ah, it is not
to be had, they will have to suffer (top of page torn out) from the curse of
war. When considering these things, the question arises in my mind is this
right, and the answer ivariably is it is not right. Then sin
lies at the door, thus I mused at the hour of midnight last, when all was calm
and serene, and hardly a breath was astir in the green foliage around. I
looked up into the blue sky and as I gazed up on the round moon, and twinkling
stars, other thoughts entered my mind. I thought of the loved ones at
home, I thought how, with sobbing heart, I had bidden them adieu, and come to
slay my fellow man (God forgive me if I done wrong) perhaps to never again see
them on earth, but we can look upon the same moon and stars, and think of each,
and if we are never permitted to meet on earth, I have a hope that reaches
beyond this vale of tears - a hope that we shall meet in heaven. God grant
that it may be so. May I ever be faithful to my trust, and soon lay down
my personal weapons, "but thy will be done". J.S.R.
Danville??? 26th, 1862
Here we are in the land of cotton, negroes,
and rebeldom, and although we are in the midst of secessionism and surrounded by
enemies, still our camp is beautiful. The situation is high and dry, we
are blessed with an abundance of good water, there is only a small amount of
labor required to procure fruit in quantities sufficient for all ordinary
purposes, and I thing, considering all things, that we may without exaggeration,
call this a healthy, and desirable location. If I was to judge this town
by the location, I would undoubtedly say it was a fine one, but if there is no
town without houses, I must say this town is slim, and what there is of it, is
poorly arranged, and it certainly would require a man of very perceptive vision
to discover any marks of mechanical genius being displayed in their
construction. but this is only a fair specimen of the work of art in
general throughout this portion of the "sunny south". Nature has done her
work. She no doubt, in the formation of this country, meant to have it
able to compete with any portion of the "land of Dixie", (as it is now
familiarly termed), but the appearance of the country as it now is, prove
to a demonstration that the residents of this portion of the south, those who
tilled the land, and should have been the founders of a beautiful country, have
been men of ordinary talents, careless habits, unambitious, excepting for the
"almighty dollar", devoid of that taste, and love of the beautiful, that is
necessary to stimulate individuals to action in the proper direction and have,
instead of improving in the different branches of agriculture, and manufacture,
been reducing the soil to a state of poverty by their manner of cultivating the
soil with the rude implements of the days of 'yore', but why comment, or look
with a critic's eye upon the imperfection of a misguided people. We know
that they have been deluded, we know that this land has been cursed, and ideas
have been implanted in the minds of the people, in regard to this institution,
which it will require generations to eradicate, and we further more know that,
until this curse has been removed, and the affairs of this nation have been
perfectly revolutionized, this same state of things will still exist. But,
when will this institution be wiped out, and the states of this once happy union
be once more united under the same old "star spangled banner", and these
millions of peiople live in peace and prosperity, as one family under the same
roof, answer: never no never.
J. S. Ripley