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OFFICIAL ARMY RECORDS
1864-3
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FIRST DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
Camp near Lovejoy's Station, September 5, 1864.
CAPTAIN: In compliance with Special Field Orders, No. 117, department headquarters, I
have the honor to submit the following report of operations of this brigade during the campaign
commencing May 3, ending with the occupation of Atlanta, Ga., September 2, 1864:
The brigade consists of the Fourth, Ninth, Twenty-fifth, and Thirty-first Regiments Iowa
Infantry, commanded respectively, at the commencement of the campaign, by Lieut. Col. S. D.
Nichols, Col. David Carskaddon, Col. George A. Stone, and Col. William Smyth.
May 3, 1864, the Ninth, Twenty-fifth, and Thirty-first marched from Bellefonte to
Stevenson. May 4, marched to Bridgeport, where the Fourth Iowa, on return from veteran
furlough, joined the brigade, and continued the march to Shellmound. May 5, 6, 7, and 8, the
march was continued, via Chattanooga, Gordon's Mills (on Chickamauga Creek), Gordon's Gap,
to Snake Creek Gap. May 9, left camp early; marched to a point near Resaca, and then marched
back again. May 10, in line of battle all day and night. May 11, built breast-works. May 12,
moved out of the breastworks, and formed line of battle; remained in line nearly all day, and then
marched to Sugar Creek. May 13, marched early toward Resaca. Skirmishing commenced at
about 10 o'clock. At 3 o'clock we moved forward in line of battle, and drove the enemy into his
main line of works. May 14 and 15, the brigade was continually under fire. On the evening of the
15th the Twenty-fifth Iowa took part in the assaults made by Brigadier-General Woods,
commanding First Brigade. The loss was quite heavy in the affair at Resaca. May 16, entered the
village of Resaca, detailed Twenty-fifth Iowa for provost guard, rested a short time, and resumed
the march to Lay's Ferry, on Oostenaula River. May 17, 18, and 19, marched from Lay's Ferry to
Kingston, via McGuire's, Woodland, and Adairsville. May 20, 21, 22, remained in camp near
Kingston. May 23, marched from Kingston to Euharlee Creek, distance of more than twenty
miles. On the 24th marched about twelve miles, encamped at Camp Gold Mine. May 25,
marched about twelve miles and to a point about three miles south of Dallas; formed line of
battle during heavy rain; lay under arms all night. May 26, moved at 11 a.m., with skirmishers in
front, to a point three-quarters of a mile south of Dallas; formed line of battle, and sent out
skirmishers, who very soon entered the town, after which we were ordered forward to a point
about one mile east of Dallas; went into camp, but did not remain many minutes until I was
ordered to move forward, which I did, and formed line of battle on the left of General Giles A.
Smith's brigade, of the Second Division, Fifteenth Corps. The line of battle, when formed, was
from right to left, in the following order, viz: Twenty-fifth, Fourth, Thirty-first, and six
companies of the Ninth Iowa Regiments, this being the order in which the brigade marched that
day, and there being no time for forming the line in accordance with the rank of regimental
commanders accounts for this formation of the line. As each regiment came into line I
immediately sent skirmishers forward, covering the front. These skirmishers always found the
enemy only a short distance in front, where a heavy skirmish fire was kept nearly all the night.
Just before dark, after reconnoitering the ground in person, I deemed it advisable to advance the
Thirty-first and Ninth Regiments to the crest of the high hill, upon the side of which they were
originally formed. This movement was approved by the general commanding the division, who
came up just at the time the movement was completed. Prior to this there had been quite a heavy
fire from the front, and the pickets and the sharpshooters of the division, under command of
Lieutenant Williams, could only advance a short distance.
It was now nearly, or quite, dark, and
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under cover of the darkness I hoped to be able to post a strong picket, or skirmish line, far
enough in advance to render my line secure from surprise; and, in addition, gave strict orders for
no man to leave the line, and that all should keep their arms in their hands. As soon as it was
quite dark the attempt was made to advance the pickets, or, rather, a strong line of skirmishers. In
doing this, and before they had been advanced far enough to prevent the line from sudden attack,
a fire was opened from the enemy, which seemed to come from a line of battle, instead of a line
of skirmishers. About 400 yards to the left of my line, and some distance to the rear, there was a
hill, in an open field, which I thought it important to hold, and was so advised by orders from the
general commanding the division. To do this required at least two companies, which I took from
the Ninth Iowa Infantry. I should here state that before it was dark one company of the Ninth
had gained this position, and had reported to me that the enemy were in strong force in his front
and left flank threatening them, leaving but four companies of this regiment in line. From the
remaining four companies of the Ninth I was compelled to throw out skirmishers or pickets, to
connect my skirmish line with the two companies on the hill to the left. I then sent Lieutenant
Shields, of my staff, to the general commanding the division, to inform him of what I had done,
and to state further to the general that it had been reported to me by Colonel Carskaddon, of the
Ninth Iowa, and also by the officer commanding the two companies on the left, that my left flank
was seriously threatened, and that I had no support anywhere on my left, and received the
assurance that my statement could not be true. In this position I remained, my skirmish line being
frequently attacked, and my whole command kept on the qui vive through the night. At daylight,
in fact before it was light, I went to the left and found the skirmish line drawn back almost to the
line of battle. I went in person to the officer commanding the skirmishers and ordered him to
advance them. He reported the enemy but a short distance in his front in line of battle, and that a
force was moving by the flank perpendicular to my line of battle. I pushed the skirmishers
forward as far as it was possible, in front of the Thirty-first and the small portion of the Ninth
which was there. About this time the skirmish line on the left, connecting the two companies,
commenced giving way, and reported again that the enemy was coming up in heavy force
between my left and the two detached companies. I sent Capt. George D. Hilton, of my staff, to
inform General Osterhaus of all that is above stated, and soon after, becoming more confirmed in
my belief that everything was as reported to me, I sent Lieutenant Shields, of my staff, to repeat
the same message, and assure the general commanding the division of the fact of the statements
which I had instructed Captain Hilton to give, as a representation made by officers commanding
the skirmish line, as well as by other officers who had been reconnoitering. The events above
narrated all transpired in a very short time and just at daylight. There was a heavy mist or fog,
which made it impossible to see a man, or even a line of battle, more than ten paces. While
Captain Hilton and Lieutenant Shields were gone with the message to General Osterhaus the
firing nearly ceased, and the apprehension of an attack was somewhat lessened, and the skirmish
line to the left reformed. Both the officers returned from General Osterhaus and assured me there
was no enemy on or near my flank. While Captain Hilton was reporting to me this intelligence, a
heavy fire was opened on the flank driving in the skirmishers. I instantly went to the extreme left
and found the skirmish line connecting with the two companies on the hill falling back. I had just
given orders for the fragment of the Ninth Iowa, then present, to form at a right angle to the
position they then held, when a terrific fire was opened from the enemy, who had marched across
my left flank. This attack was sudden, and the strong picket, which had been out on the left,
coming in precipitately, and on account of the fog missing the flank of the regiment, thus coming
to the rear among surgeons, cooks, litter-bearers, servants, and non-combatants generally, created
some apparent confusion; when, indeed, but few, if any, who had been in line had given way.
The enemy were soon repulsed and the fire ceased. My
brigade being now several hundred yards
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in advance of any other troops, and both flanks exposed, I ordered it to fall back and connect
with the left of Second Division, which had in the mean time refused the left of the position held
on the evening of the 26th. Very soon after this I was relieved by the First Brigade, and ordered
to occupy the position the Third Brigade had just left. Three days' subsequent fighting developed
the fact that the enemy's strongest point was in front of the place where my left rested on the
night of the 26th and morning of the 27th. After being relieved by the First Brigade, as above
stated, the brigade remained in camp, somewhat exposed to the enemy's fire, until about 5 p.m.
on the 28th, when the enemy made a vigorous assault on General Harrow's division on our right,
when I was ordered to re-enforce him. My command fell in and double-quicked to his support,
and took position on his right. How well, and in what time the movement was executed, I
respectfully ask the general commanding to state for me. During the night of the 28th my
command built a complete line of works. May 29, remained in works and building new works.
Heavy firing on the skirmish line. Soon after dark my command was ordered to leave the works,
with as little noise as possible, and take a position across the main road, so as to cover the rear of
the remainder of the corps, which was to move out. About the time this movement was executed,
and the Fourth Division commenced to withdraw, the enemy assaulted our lines, and the firing
became terrific. In obedience to orders, I sent two regiments (the Ninth and Twenty-fifth) back to
the original position, and remained until daylight with the other two regiments, and then went
with them back to the works on the right of the Fourth Division. May 30, remained in the works,
keeping skirmishers active during the day. May 31, remained in the works: skirmishers active.
Late in the evening the enemy severely shelled every portion of my line. An attack was
apprehended on the right, and preparations made to meet it.
June 1, at daylight, my brigade was ordered out of the works to another line a mile in the
rear, which had been constructed to cover the withdrawal of the corps. When the corps had
passed, my command acted as rear-guard on the march to New Hope Church, the enemy
following us very close as far back as Dallas. June 2 and 3, remained in camp near New Hope
Church. June 4, relieved General Kimball's brigade, near New Hope Church. Enemy left during
the night. June 5, marched toward Acworth. June 6, arrived at Acworth. June 7, 8, and 9,
remained in camp near Acworth. June 10, marched toward Kenesaw Mountain; camped at Big
Shanty. June 11, received orders to reconnoiter in force with the remainder of the division; went
forward and took position in reserve in front of Kenesaw Mountain. June 12, remained in camp
doing but little. June 13, relieved Third Brigade. June 14, in camp through the day and built an
advance line of works at night. June 15, at 2 o'clock I advanced my skirmish line with the
skirmishers of the First and Third Brigades, and drove the rebels from the advance line of works;
occupied a new line and built works during the night. June 16, 17, and 18, remained on the
advance line skirmishing all the time. The enemy left the works on the night of the 18th. June 19,
moved forward to the main line of rebel works. June 20, moved to the right of the Second
Division, near the railroad, and built a line of works for the whole brigade. June 21, 22, 23, 24,
and 25, remained in the position taken on the 20th, and during all the time labored to advance
my skirmish line. June 26, received orders to march at 6 p.m.; marched a few miles to the right
and relieved a brigade of the Fourth Corps. June 27, was notified that the Second Division,
Fifteenth Army Corps, would assault the enemy's line in my front at 8 a.m. In obedience to
orders I sent 150 men, under command of Capt. Daniel E. Cooper, Fourth Iowa, brigade officer
of the day, to clear the rifle-pits on the right flank of the assaulting column; though exposed to
terrible fire, Captain Cooper and his men performed their part in the most gallant manner,
carrying the pits by assault, using the bayonet freely.
From June 28 to July 2, inclusive, the brigade remained in this line of works, skirmishing all
the time and suffering considerable loss. July 3, the
enemy evacuated the works on the night of
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the 2d; marched to Marietta and camped east of the town. July 4, marched at 9 a.m. toward the
right of our army; marched twelve miles and encamped. July 5, 6, and 7, changing position by
short marches. July 8, took position in front line and built breast-works for the entire command.
July 9, 10, and 11, remained in this line. On the night of the 10th the enemy evacuated their
works in our front. July 12, 13, and 14, marching from the right of the army on the
Chattahoochee River to the left of it at Roswell, where I crossed during the night of the 14th.
July 15 and 16, remained in camp. July 17, marched at 5.30 a.m. toward Atlanta. July 18,
marched to Henderson's Mill. July 19, marched to Decatur. July 20, marched near Atlanta and
built a line of works. July 21, advanced our line and built another line of works. On the 22d,
about 8 a.m., in accordance with orders, my command moved out of a line of works which it had
constructed on the night of the 21st, going in a westerly direction about three-quarters of a mile,
to a line of works which the rebels had abandoned the night of the 21st. The brigade had but
three regiments present, viz, the Fourth, Ninth, and Twenty-fifth Iowa Infantry Regiments. I sent
skirmishers to the front to join the skirmishers who had been sent out the day previous, making
in all 150 men, besides officers, on the skirmish line. I also sent 100 men, besides officers, for
fatigue duty, to assist in erecting a battery to my left. With the remainder of my command, the
Fourth and Ninth in front and Twenty-fifth in reserve, I commenced transforming the rebel line
of works into a line for the defense of my command. The transformation consisted in removing
the embankment and abatis to the opposite side of the ditch. This work was soon accomplished,
the command remaining close to their arms after the work was done. About 2 o'clock the action
commenced on our immediate left, the rebels attacking the Second and Fourth Divisions of the
Fifteenth Corps. When the action had lasted half an hour, or perhaps longer, the rebels carried
the works in front of the Second Division, capturing Captain De Gress' battery of 20-pounder
Parrott guns. In accordance with orders of the general commanding the division, I changed the
front of my line, letting my right rest where it was, and swinging my left back, connecting my
left with the right of the First Brigade of our division. I remained in line of battle for a short time
awaiting the advance of the rebels, but they did not come. General Woods ordered me to advance
in two lines and flank the work from which the rebels had driven our forces a short time before. I
commenced the movement, the Fourth and Ninth in first and Twenty-fifth in second line, and
very soon came under a heavy fire, to which the command was exposed only for a short time,
for it soon came under cover on the margin of a little stream. Here was a short delay in getting
through a thick bramble. The line was soon formed on the opposite side of the stream when the
command was given to go forward, which it did gallantly, flanking and carrying the work and
recapturing De Gress' battery, all in the shortest possible time in which a work of this kind could
be done. I left the Ninth in the works, sending the Fourth to the right to occupy a rebel battery
which commanded the head of a ravine which led to our line in the only place where there was
not a breast-work. The regiment had not more than formed before it was assaulted by a brigade
of rebel infantry, under command of Colonel Baker, and a very stubborn fight ensued. The
regiment nobly held the position, and finally repulsed the assault, inflicting great loss on the
rebels in killed, wounded, and prisoners. The Thirty-seventh Alabama (rebel) was, according to
the statement made by prisoners, nearly annihilated in this engagement. The honor of recapturing
De Gress' battery is due to the Fourth and Ninth Regiments, men of both regiments arriving there
about the same time. After the last assault made by the rebels was repulsed, the command went
to work changing the rebel works, and constructing new works, completing them against
daylight, at which time I received orders to move to the left of the Sixteenth Corps, some two or
three miles to the left of our position. Loss in this engagement was 36, 5 being killed, 2 missing,
and 29 wounded, including Lieutenant-Colonel Nichols, of the Fourth Iowa, who was slightly
wounded in the thigh in the early part of the engagement.
Soon after daylight on the 23d we
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moved and took our new position. Sunday, the 24th, was spent in destroying the railroad near
Decatur. Remained in camp on the 25th and until night of the 26th, when I received orders to
move with the balance of the division, which I did, taking a position to cover the rear in a
movement being then made to the extreme right of the army. On the 27th at daylight my brigade
moved, covering the rear, and marched all day toward the right, arriving at a place about 10 p.m.,
where we bivouacked until daybreak, when I moved forward a short distance and went into line
of battle in the center of the division. Here we halted a short time and then advanced in line of
battle obliquely to the left, and wheeling to the left. After advancing in this manner for about one
mile, or probably a little more, in obedience to orders I halted and formed line of battle in two
lines, the Fourth and Twenty-fifth in front, and the Ninth in rear, in reserve. As soon as the line
was formed I ordered the construction of temporary breast-works, which the men willingly and
hastily constructed. In about three-quarters of an hour after taking this position the rebels made
an attack on our lines to my right. The rebel assaults were determined and fierce, lasting for
nearly three hours, but during this time my command was but little engaged, as the rebel attack
did not extend farther than to a point opposite my right flank. July 29, remained in camp and
built breast-works. July 30, relieved by a brigade of the Seventeenth Corps and moved in a
reserve position, and sent the Ninth Iowa to picket the extreme right. July 31, in camp.
August 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, in camp and doing picket duty. August 6, moved about one mile to
the front and took a position on the left of the Fourteenth Corps, and built a line of works.
August 7, men under arms all day. August 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, remained in same line; more than
half the time under arms, in apprehension of an assault. August 13, my command took part in the
assault made by the division on the enemy's skirmish line, making a complete success, capturing
nearly the entire force in the pits. August 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, remained in works, making
demonstrations almost daily against the rebel works, losing some men each day. August 19,
advanced my line to the front of First Brigade, Twenty-fifth and Thirty-first Regiments
occupying line, and digging intrenchments. August 20, making intrenchments. August 21, 22,
23, 24, and 25, occupying our works without much excitement or fighting. August 26, marched
at dark toward the right of the army; marched all night and until 10 a.m. on the 27th. August 27,
in camp. August 28, marched at 7 a.m., arriving at the Montgomery railroad about 11 a.m.; took
position on each side of the railroad, Fourth and Twenty-fifth Iowa building a line of earthworks.
August 29, in camp; Ninth and Thirty-first Regiments engaged in destroying railroad.
August 30, marched to a point about one mile north of Jonesborough, and sent two regiments,
Twenty-fifth and Thirty-first, to support some cavalry on the right; cavalry went away as soon as
the regiments came up. The other two regiments (Fourth and Ninth) went to the front. All the
regiments built breast-works during the night. August 31, during the forenoon the Twenty-fifth
and Thirty-first were relieved by the Sixteenth Corps, and went into the front line and again built
a substantial line of breast-works. The Fourth Iowa was also twice moved into new positions,
and built works. About 10 o'clock I sent 100 men (50 from each the Fourth and Ninth
Regiments) to support a battery placed in an advanced position on the right. About 3 o'clock the
rebels made an assault on our front line. The 100 men from the Fourth and Ninth did their duty in
supporting the battery, and succeeded, under the immediate direction of the general commanding
the division, in bringing the guns off from under a heavy fire from the enemy, who had nearly
surrounded them. During the assault four companies of the Ninth Iowa, under Captain
McSweeney, went forward and took a position in an interval between the right of the Fourth
Division and the left of the Third Brigade, where there were no intrenchments, and while the
battle continued succeeded in throwing up temporary works, which enabled them to hold the
position. The enemy were repulsed with loss. During the night a regiment of the First Brigade
(the Thirtieth Iowa)partially constructed a line of works
on the right of the Twenty-fifth Iowa.
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On the morning of September 1 I relieved this regiment with the Twenty-fifth, which completed
the works and occupied them.
September 1, lay in works all day. Heavy skirmishing in the afternoon. Two hundred men on
skirmish line. Fourth Iowa took a new position detached from, and on the right of, the division
and built a good line of intrenchments. September 2, the enemy having left during the night, the
brigade was ordered to march with division in pursuit. Marched about five miles, and formed
line of battle, and halted for a short time. A sharp engagement was soon brought on by the Fourth
Division, and my brigade was ordered to the left of it. The Thirty-first took position in the front
line, the other regiments in rear, and during the night all intrenched themselves behind good
works. September 3, 4, and 5, occupied our works; constant skirmishing. In obedience to orders,
I moved the brigade out at 8 o'clock in the night of the 5th, and marched to Jonesborough with
the division, and took the same position which I left on the 2d instant.
So closes the record of this memorable campaign. I could not make it more brief and do
justice to the regiments of the brigade. The vast amount of labor done by this command, in
addition to the marching and fighting, and the cheerfulness and zeal with which it has been
performed, is sufficient to encourage the best hopes for the success of our army. The troops have
neither hesitated nor murmured at any privation or labor. To the officers and men I owe a debt of
gratitude for their prompt and willing obedience to orders.
To my staff officers, Captains Anderson and Darling and Lieutenants Shields, Nuckolls, and
Crane, I am greatly indebted for efficient services. Their bravery and competency will commend
them to any officer under whom they may serve. I cannot close this report without mentioning in
terms of praise my faithful orderly, George Simms.
The casualties in the brigade during the campaign have been 280. A list of their names,
regiments, and companies accompanies this report.
J. A. WILLIAMSON,
Colonel Fourth Iowa Infantry, Commanding Brigade.
Capt. W. A. GORDON,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., First Division, 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. THIRTY-FIRST REGIMENT IOWA INFTY. VOLS.,
In the Field, near Acworth, Ga., June 6, 1864.
LIEUTENANT: In compliance with a circular from headquarters Second Brigade, First
Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, Department of the Tennessee, of this date, exhibited to me today,
requiring me to forward, as soon as possible, to your headquarters a report detailing the part
taken by my command in the engagements and skirmishes with the enemy since we left
Kingston, Ga., with a list of the casualties, giving the names, company, and rank of the killed,
wounded, and missing, and also the nature and extent of the wounds, with the dates respectively,
I have the honor to report that after leaving Kingston, on the morning of Monday, May 23, we
proceeded unmolested until May 26 in the forenoon, when, approaching the town of Dallas, Polk
County, Ga., about three-quarters of a mile distant, I was ordered to form my command and take
position in line of battle to the left of the Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, which was done. In
obedience to further orders, I threw forward Company B, as skirmishers, in advance, and so as to
cover the regiment in line, a distance of 500 yards. Our skirmishers soon advanced as far as the
town of Dallas, and, not finding the enemy, we were ordered to advance to an eminence
overlooking a part of the town, where we were halted, arms stacked, and the men had an
opportunity to prepare coffee. Soon after, and early in the afternoon of same day, we proceeded
on the march toward Dallas, which, after some delay, occasioned by another column passing
eastward through the town, we reached toward the west end,
and, filing right, passed through the
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western end of the town on the main road, or street, and in a westward direction. After we had
fairly passed through the town we filed left into a field and formed again in line in the rear of the
Twenty-fifth Iowa, who were close up to the timber on the south side of the field, and stacked
arms. Here we remained but a few minutes. A brisk skirmish going on in our front and to the
south of our position and extending in a western direction, we were ordered forward, and, filing
to the left, after moving a short distance, say quarter of a mile, along a road running in a
perpendicular direction to the main road through Dallas, we again filed to the left into the timber
and along a ravine immediately in the rear of our line of battle, which seemed to be formed with
reference to it. The Twenty-fifth Iowa was in the advance of our brigade, next the Fourth Iowa
Veteran Volunteers, then the Thirty-first Iowa, the Fourth Iowa formed on the left of the Twentyfifth
and the Thirty-first on the left of the Fourth. Our line, as thus extended, still seemed to be
conformed with reference to the ravine, which was immediately in our rear. Whilst we were
forming on the left of the Fourth, I threw forward Company A, temporarily under command of
Lieutenant McQuilkin, of Company D, as skirmishers, in obedience to orders, so as to cover the
regiment in line, who immediately advanced to the top of a ridge in our front and at once became
engaged in a brisk skirmish with the enemy. I was then ordered to advance our line, which I did,
under the immediate eye of the brigade commander, to near the crest of the ridge in our front, so
that our line was just covered by the crest. In making this last advance, our division
sharpshooters, under command of Lieutenant Williams, who were lying on the face of the ridge,
moved forward and to the left out of our way. Soon after this our skirmishers sent in a prisoner, a
private of a Texas regiment, I believe, if I remember right, the Sixth, formerly mounted. I
immediately sent him, under guard, to brigade headquarters. He surrendered to Private Cane, of
Company A, of my command, who was within a few feet of him at the time he gave himself up.
In the dark of the evening, in further conformity to orders, I relieved our skirmishers by a picket
of sixty men, under command of Capt. Milo P. Smith, of Company C. In posting the pickets and
relieving the skirmishers, owing to the fact that the sharpshooters and our skirmishers had got
somewhat mixed and that the sharpshooters had been a short time previously withdrawn, one
relief of our pickets coming into close proximity with the enemy's pickets, were fired upon by
the latter, and 1 of our men, Harvey Lamb, a private of Company H, was wounded in both
thighs, severely in the flesh of the left thigh, and the bone of the right thigh broken. His right leg
has been amputated above the knee, and it is feared that his wounds will or have already proved
mortal. About the same time that our skirmishers were being relieved by our pickets, Company
K was detailed, under orders, and placed on the left of our brigade, under supervision of Capt. G.
D. Hilton, of Colonel Williamson's staff, under command of Lieutenant Bockins, and I was
ordered to relieve the pickets before daylight on the morning of the 27th, also Company K by
another company. This I had done as ordered, relieving the pickets by twenty men of Company
B as skirmishers, under command of Capt. R. P. Speer, and Company K by Company G, under
command of Capt. J. H. Evans. Our skirmishers soon became warmly engaged with the enemy,
and John H. Clough, private of Company B, was mortally wounded in the mouth, jaw, and neck.
He has since died in hospital. Private Frederick Jacob, Company B, was dangerously wounded in
lower jaw and neck. John Parmenter, private Company B, was also severely wounded in the neck
and right shoulder. Harlow C. Perry, James Watson, and John A. Rarrick, privates of Company
B, are missing since the same time, and are supposed to have been either killed, wounded, or
captured; at all events they fell into the hands of the enemy. George Brown, private Company B,
died in ambulance May 26. These casualties in Company B all occurred on the left of our
skirmish line in a very short time, and were owing to the fact that the enemy in line, with
skirmishers a short distance in their front, were advancing upon the front and left flank of the
skirmishers of the regiment in our brigade to our left,
whose skirmishers fell back on our line,
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when the enemy in line, changing direction, advanced on the front and left flank of our
skirmishers, thus exposing them to a cross-fire from the enemy's skirmishers. The left of our
skirmish line then fell back, in obedience to orders from Captain Speer, leaving the right of our
skirmish line still engaged with the enemy's skirmishers. About this time the regiment to our left
fell back, passing in our rear to the right along the ravine, and a portion of that regiment, with the
colors, was rallied and formed in a line perpendicular with our main line, running down from left
of my command to the ravine in our rear, and, together with the left wing of my command,
opened a brisk fire on the enemy, effectually checking their farther advance. Whilst this was
going on in our immediate vicinity, Company K, on the extreme left of our brigade, was engaged
with the enemy's skirmishers, and after the skirmish line of the regiment to the left of my
command fell back, Company K, who was being relieved by Company G, was forced to fall back
also. Companies K and G appeared to have been entirely flanked, at least one battalion of the
enemy having gained a position on the other side of the ravine in the rear of our line, with its left
resting in the ravine and its right running up the hill on the other side of the ravine. This battalion
of the enemy in this position appears to have advanced on Companies K and G, which had fallen
back to the ravine. Of course these companies, finding by this time that the regiment
immediately on their right had fallen back, fell back also. Whilst this was occurring, Charles D.
Warner, private of Company G, was slightly wounded in the right leg (this wound has proved to
be serious), and Corpl. Elmore Miller and Private James T. Wood, of the same company, have
been since missing. Soon after this I received orders to fall back with my command, which was
done in good order, passing through the skirmish line of the Third Brigade, which occupied the
position which I, until then, supposed was held by the Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, and,
passing round the right of the Third Brigade, I took position in their rear, to the left of the Fourth
Iowa Veteran Volunteers. Here we remained but a short time, and about noon of the 27th took
position for rest in the field to the right of the road running perpendicular to the main road
leading through Dallas, along which we marched the previous evening and before we filed to the
left into the timber to take position in line. Here we remained until the evening of the following
day, May 28, when, about 4 p.m., we were ordered to fall in and immediately set off on the
double-quick to the right, the enemy having charged on our lines. When my command reached a
point in the rear of the Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, we were ordered by General
Osterhaus up to the support of the Sixth Iowa. Three field pieces of the First Iowa Battery
(Captain Griffiths), which were in position outside of our breast-works, had been captured by the
enemy. This we learned from the drivers, who were taking the battery horses to the rear after we
were ordered up to the support of the Sixth Iowa. This intelligence caused our boys to still
accelerate our movements, which had all along been quite rapid. Our coming to the support of
the Sixth was so gratifying and encouraging to them that, with our assistance, they poured a fire
into the enemy so rapid and effective that the enemy was compelled to relinquish the three
cannon they had taken and retreated precipitately, when the Sixth's boys went out and hauled
back the cannon by hand. My command then being ordered to the rear again, we withdrew to the
rear into the open field, and remained there firmly under a brisk artillery fire of shot and shell
from the enemy for a short time, when we were ordered to join our brigade, which we did, going
still farther to the right, and took position in the rear of the brigade, with orders to be ready to
move at a moment's notice in any direction ordered. Whilst under fire and during the charge On
the evening of the 28th Privates William O. Phelps and William G. Farnham, of Company E,
were wounded slightly in the shoulder. We remained in the position last above indicated until
near daylight of the morning of the 29th of May, when we were ordered to make rifle-pits and
breast-works commanding a ravine on the right flank of our brigade, which we did during the
forenoon of that day and completed the same. These works
ran perpendicular to the line of the
9
Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers' works, and we, therefore, caused traverses to be constructed for
each company so as to cover them on the flanks. These works we occupied until after dark on the
evening of the 29th of May, when we moved silently back along to the left of our lines and took
position in line of battle along a road running north and southwest of Dallas to the left of the
Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers. We remained here in this position during the night and until
about 8 a.m. of the 30th of May, when we were ordered across the road and a little to the right,
where the men could avail themselves of the shade of some scrub timber skirting a ravine, and
remained there until noon. During the night of the 29th of May seven or eight distinct charges by
the enemy were understood to have been made on our front lines, and judging from the rolls of
musketry, mingled with artillery, they were supposed to have been desperate, but I have since
understood that the fight was ex parte, and that the enemy was at such a distance that they
suffered but little or not at all, whilst our loss was not very heavy. About noon of May 30 I was
ordered to move again to the right with my command, and took position again to the left of
Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, immediately on the right of the works which we had
constructed on morning of 29th, and in the rifle-pits previously occupied by Wilder's brigade.
During this last movement Sergt. Thomas M. Belknap, of Company E, was slightly [wounded]
in the head, and Private Mark Orr, of the same company, slightly in the right foot. We remained
in the position last indicated until the afternoon of the 31st of May, keeping a strong line of
skirmishers in our front in daytime and a strong picket at night, when, in pursuance of orders, we
moved back into the works constructed by us on the morning of May 29. Our skirmishers, then
under command of Capt. S. S. Farwell, holding their line in front of the rifle-pits we had just left,
and an additional line of skirmishers being thrown out in front of the works then occupied by us
covering the right flank, which was then, I understand, the extreme right of our lines. Just before
dark, on the evening of 31st of May, the enemy succeeded in bringing a piece or two of artillery
into the edge of the woods in front of the Ninth and Twenty-fifth Iowa, and commenced
throwing shot and shell into the pits we had just abandoned and [those] which we then occupied,
as well as the woods occupied by our skirmishers. The traverses in our works covered us so
effectually that not a man was injured, although the enemy had fair range on us. One shell fell in
our works, but did not explode. Sergeant-Major Maloney, now acting as lieutenant of Company
K, pending his recommendation for promotion to lieutenancy of that company, picked it up and
threw it over the breast-works.
Early on morning of June 1 we again moved silently to the left to near the position occupied
by us on the night of May 29, into rifle-pits previously prepared. Here we remained a short time,
and then took up the line of march to the left through Dallas, and arrived at camp, near New
Hope Church, about 1 p.m. June 1. Here we remained until about 3 p.m. June 4, when we moved
and took position again in the rifle-pits in front of the enemy's works. We remained in the pits
over night, and found, on the morning of June 5, that during the night enemy had evacuated.
During the forenoon we again took up the line of march, and have thence hitherto proceeded
unmolested.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
WM. SMYTH,
Colonel, Commanding Thirty-first Iowa Infantry.
Lieutenant SHIELDS,
A. A. A. G., 2d Brig., 1st Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. THIRTIETH REGT. OHIO VET. VOL. INFANTRY,
Camp at East Point, Ga., September 9, 1864.
10
SIR: I have the honor to submit report of the action of the Thirtieth Regiment in campaign
from May 21 to the present time:
After our return from veteran furlough, joined brigade at Kingston, at which point we
remained in camp one day, and marched on the morning of the 23d for Dallas. May 24, passed
through Van Wert. May 25, marched and camped this side of Dallas. May 26, formed line of
battle in afternoon and went into Dallas, closely following a few cavalry who acted as rear guard.
General Giles A. Smith moved forward soon after, and met the enemy in force a short distance
from town. We were ordered to support him just before dark. May 27, skirmished all day and
dug rifle-pits all night. May 28, the enemy charged our works to-day at 5 p.m., and were fatally
repulsed; their dead and wounded left in front of the pit in great numbers. Our opponent was
Bate's division, of Hardee's corps. Our losses were I officer and 5 men slightly wounded. May
29, at 10 p.m. a rapid fire aroused us, on our left, in front of Osterhaus, and to his left. It was
rapid and determined, and continued with very little intermission until 3 a.m. We lost, killed,
during the night, Second Lieut. Thomas K. White, a sergeant promoted, but not mustered. May
30, no change of lines to-day; heavy skirmishing all day; our loss, 2 privates wounded. May 31,
moved out of line of works, being relieved by the Fifty-fourth Ohio, and in the evening, with the
Eighty-third Indiana and Fifty-seventh Ohio, were formed as a reserve force to support the
Fourth Division, on the right, preparatory to the evacuation of the entire line of works.
June 1, moved with entire Army of the Tennessee to relieve Hooker on our left, who, on
being relieved, moved still farther to the left, toward the railroad; took our position in skirmish
line in front. June 2, were relieved from duty in front by the Forty-seventh Ohio, and fell back in
rear to support them; no troops on our right except those of the Army of the Tennessee; all others
have gone to the left. June 3, relieved the Thirty-seventh Ohio at the front this a.m. at 4.30
o'clock. June 4, were relieved by Thirty-seventh Ohio at daylight, and took position in rear. June
5, relieved the Thirty-seventh Ohio at the front, and found soon after that the rebels had retreated
during the night. Advanced skirmish line to the main line of their works and found a few
prisoners and negroes, who stated that the enemy had left at 10 o'clock last night, with five trains
of wounded, for Marietta. Commenced following the enemy at 9 a.m., moving around their
works, on their right, and camped at 5 p.m. June 6, marched and camped south of the town of
Acworth, in position. June 7, remained in position to-day. June 8 and 9, in camp. June 10,
marched three miles this morning in direction of Marietta; formed line, and advanced half a mile
in line of battle; camped and intrenched ourselves during the night. June 11, remained in position
all day. June 12, in trenches. June 13, moved this morning at daylight to the left and front about
one mile and a half. June 14, in position. June 15, moved at 2 p.m. toward the left, formed in
double column, and remained in full view of the enemy until after dark, when we returned to the
position formerly occupied. June 16, moved out to support Osterhaus at 10 a.m., and at 11 a.mfive
companies, or left wing of regiment, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Hildt, were
detached to report at Big Shanty Station, relieving a portion of the Eighth Missouri, their term of
service having expired. One of Company B had his leg taken off by a rebel shell, and died during
the night. Moved a short distance out of range. June 17 and 18, in camp. June 19, rebels gone--
evacuated their works and fell back to the base of mountain. We advanced under a heavy
artillery fire to a good position on the last rise of ground this side of the mountain ascent. June
20, weather wet; the left wing joined this evening (was relieved by Second Iowa), and we
intrenched ourselves during the night. June 21, still raining; the line of works completed. June
22, in trenches; rebels threw shell very near us from the position on Kenesaw Mountain; has the
effect of plunging shot; no protection even in the trenches. June 23, in trenches. June 24,
skirmish line advanced to-day to near top of mountain. Company E, being on the line, lost 1 man
killed and 3 severely wounded. Fell back during the
evening to original position. June 25, a few
11
shots from the mountain; the rebels showing themselves a little more plainly. June 26, moved at
8 p.m. to the ground occupied by the Fourteenth Corps, on our right, and camped closed en
masse. June 27, moved at 8 a.m. to the south point of Kenesaw Mountain, where we threw out a
company of skirmishers and passed over our works and the First Division, occupying theirs
toward those of the enemy. Moving, as soon as all were over, by the right flank a short distance,
then forward, guide right, to the thicket, across a small stream, met considerable fire, both of
artillery and musketry, but the losses were small. Formed line in the thicket, and drove the
enemy from a rifle-pit near its edge, capturing a few prisoners. Moved forward again to the crest,
at which point we received a heavy fire from their works. We halted and returned it for a few
minutes, when the Eighty-third Indiana, on our right, moved back to the thicket, and we fell back
to the line of rebel pits, a short distance in advance, bringing Lieutenant White, killed, and
Lieutenant Mcintyre, seriously wounded. At this point we were enfiladed by the enemy's
artillery. Captain Chamberlain had his head taken off by a percussion shell, which exploded
afterward, taking off both his arms. Capt. E. Warner, wounded in foot, besides a number of noncommissioned
officers and men. We again fell back across the run to the edge of the thicket in
front of our works, where their fire was more destructive than before, a shot passing through a
color-corporal, tearing both arms of the color-sergeant and both legs of another corporal, and
pieces wounding men in all parts of the line in the process of being formed. An order was then
given to fall back to our line of works by small squads and reform, which was done without any
serious loss. An hour afterward an order was received from General Lightburn, commanding
brigade, to return to our position in the thicket, which we did without loss, and remained until 9
o'clock, when we were relieved, and returned to the camp left in the morning. A short time
before sundown a tremendous artillery fire passed over us both ways from the enemy's batteries
and our own, but as few shots were directed at the thicket we suffered but little. June 28, moved
to a small stream a short distance in rear of line, and camped to rest. June 29, in camp. June 30,
inspection and muster to-day.
July 1, in camp. July 2, marched this morning at 4 a.m. and relieved the Second Division,
Twenty-third Army Corps, on right of army, eleven miles from camp. July 3, ordered out at 8
a.m. to support the Fifty-third Ohio, who were feeling for the enemy in our front. Continued
skirmishing until 3 o'clock, when we were ordered forward and charged across an open field,
with brigade, half a mile in extent. We were badly shelled in passing over it, and the proportion
of shell wounds was largely in excess of those of musketry. The enemy fell back, taking with
them their battery before we could get across a mill-dam, afterwards ascertained to be Ruff's
Mill, on Nickajack Creek. Were relieved by a portion of the Sixteenth Corps at 8 p.m., and
returned to the camp left in the morning. July 4, moved at 3 p.m. across the creek at Ruff's Mill,
and supported the Sixteenth Army Corps, as they made an advance on a line of works; that night
we were not under fire. July 5, moved at 8 a.m. back across the creek to our right, on road to
Atlanta, about five miles, and rested. Ordered out in the evening one mile in advance of brigade,
with De Gress' battery, and camped with the battery in position, guarding it, on eminence from
which we could see the steeples of the city of Atlanta, apparently about eight miles distant,
situated on a high level plain. A rebel fort in the valley below, one mile and a half distant, near
the ford of the river, to which our battery paid their attention. July 6, the battery made some
splendid shots to-day; still in camp. July 7, moved with battery to a position below occupied by
one attached to Seventeenth Army Corps; they went still farther to the front. July 8, moved to the
left in afternoon about two miles and a half, passing Twenty-third Army Corps on our route. July
9, moved at 4 p.m., joined brigade in position at the front. Intrenched ourselves during the night.
July 10, ordered to move at a moment's notice. July 11, moved at 11 a.m. about five miles to the
right, and camped in the woods. July 12, marched at 4.30
p.m. ten miles, and camped at 11 p.m.
12
three miles from Marietta. July 13, marched again at 2 a.m., passed through Marietta before
daylight, and camped for the night at sundown in a fine meadow, near Roswell. July 14, moved
at 3 p.m. through the town of Roswell, across the Chattahoochee, to an elevated position and one
easily defended, upon the crest of which we are now erecting works of great strength. July 15
and 16, in camp. July 17, moved at 5.30 a.m. about eight miles on the Decatur road, and camped
near Stony Creek; met with no opposition from the enemy. July 18, marched at 5 a.m., and
taking the Stone Mountain road, we advanced to the railroad near the station and demolished a
large portion of the track from the station westward. Returning, camped about five miles from
railroad, much jaded. July 19, marched for Decatur, and struck the railroad again on our route
and destroyed the track as usual. A small squad of the enemy's cavalry tried to interfere with us,
but failed; no losses; camped in the town of Decatur about sundown. July 20, advanced this
morning in direction of Atlanta; deployed as skirmishers, with support from brigade; were
frequently opposed by what was reported to be Wheeler's cavalry corps, but advanced to within
three miles of Atlanta at 12 m., where we found them fortified in our front. July 21, lying in
reserve to-day behind our batteries, who managed to keep the rebels quiet. July 22, rebel works
on our front evacuated during the night, and we possessed them and employed ourselves
leisurely during the morning in changing them. At 1 p.m. a heavy [firing] was heard on the left,
and the works were ordered to be put in complete order as rapidly as possible. The firing came
gradually nearer, and at 3.30 an attack was made upon us by Hindman's division, of Hardee's
corps. They occupied the works on the left of our brigade, and each regiment in succession in our
brigade fell back. We being partly sheltered by the brick house on our left, remained some time
afterward with the hope to save De Gress' battery, in position on our right, but were compelled
finally to leave them in the hands of the enemy, and fall back also to the line of works we left in
the morning, where we formed and moved forward to retake the battery, but were compelled to
again fall back. Another attempt shortly after was successful, and we occupied the works, with
the dead bodies of the enemy strewing the ground in front in great numbers. We lost a number of
prisoners. July 23, in camp in trenches July 24, 25, and 26, in camp. July 27, moved this
morning at 3.30 a.m. to the right; passed the entire army, and camped on extreme right at 10 p.m.
July 28, moved out this morning at 5 a.m. to get into position; met the skirmishers of the enemy
two miles from camp and drove them until 8 a.m., when we took position, as he seemed disposed
to attack. A few rails were gathered up and arranged to shield the men, and at 11 a.m. his assault
commenced and continued until dark, when he withdrew, leaving us in quiet possession of the
field and his great numbers of killed and wounded. During this time four determined assaults
were made upon us, all of which were repulsed, with great loss to the enemy. At the first one, the
Eighty-third Indiana, on our right, gave way, and we swung the right wing to the rear, giving the
enemy a flank fire, which compelled him to withdraw rapidly. The line was then changed to
allow the Eighty-third Indiana to give a flank instead of a direct fire, and the line was not again
broken during the day. At 4.30 we were relieved by Twelfth Illinois, and took position in
reserve; erected rifle-pits during the night. July. 29, in trenches. July 30, moved to the front and
relieved the Fifty-second Ohio on skirmish duty in front of Davis' division, Fourteenth Army
Corps. July 31, relieved at 8 a.m., and moved inside the works.
August 1, dug rifle-pits along the skirmish line, concluding at 9 p.m., and returned to camp.
August 2, moved into rifle-pits at daylight. August 3, advanced skirmishers and occupied rebel
rifle-pits in our front at 10 a.m.. but were driven out at 11; advanced again at 4 p.m.; held them,
and commenced intrenching. August 4, a strong work erected during the night; assigned
yesterday to First Brigade, Col. Theodore Jones commanding; moved to-day into trenches
occupied by One hundred and eleventh Illinois, in First Brigade. August 5, in trenches. August 6,
moved to extreme right of brigade, relieving Twenty-fifth
Iowa, of First Division, Fifteenth
13
Army Corps. August 7, moved out to skirmish line to dig rifle-pits at 10 p.m.; dark, and brush
very thick; were relieved at dawn by Fifty-fifth Illinois, and returned to camp. August 8, in camp.
August 9, commenced work on a new line of pits still farther advanced. The position a poor one;
can be enfiladed. August 10. moved out and occupied the pits in force, and were enfiladed by the
enemy's batteries, but protected ourselves by digging traverses and erecting stockades. Sergeant
Engle and a private lost of Company E; were killed instantly by shell striking in the ditch.
August 11, in trenches; an alarm on the left at 11 p.m. August 12, in trenches. August 13,
skirmishers moved forward, in connection with Osterhaus, on our right, and carried the rebel
pits. The Twenty-eighth Alabama deserted to our lines. August 14, 15, 16, and 17, in trenches.
August 18, made a demonstration, with rapid picket-firing and cheering, from the main works in
the morning and another at 4 p.m. August 19, an alarm just after dark, caused by rebel pickets
attacking the pioneers at work in front. August 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, in trenches. August 26,
marched at 8 p.m., and halted at 5 a.m. for breakfast, having marched all night in direction of
Macon railroad. August 27, after breakfast moved on slowly until 3 p.m.; went into camp in
position and threw up works. August 28, marched at 7 a.m., and at 4 p.m. struck the West Point
railroad fifteen miles from Atlanta; camped in position. August 29, in camp; non-veterans
mustered out. August 30, marched this morning toward the Macon railroad; commenced
skirmishing a short distance from camp. We were in rear of De Gress' battery (H), with One
hundred and twenty-seventh Illinois, until 8 p.m., when we were ordered on picket duty in front
of division. August 31, rebel pickets firing rapidly this morning. At 12 m. a rebel column of
infantry was seen moving to our right directly in our front and within range. The pickets
commenced firing into them and continued for three hours, when they formed line of battle and
attacked us, beginning on our right, but in a few minutes became general along the line. We fell
back to the main line of works, and occupied a vacant place on the left of Second Brigade,
between Eighty-third Indiana and Forty-seventh Ohio. In this position we gave the enemy a flank
fire as they advanced against the First Brigade, in position on our left, and almost at a right angle
with our line. The loss of the enemy here again was quite heavy, ours scarcely nothing;
employed the greater part of the night in improving our works, building abatis, &c.
September 1, in trenches. At 5 p.m. an attack was made on the left by the Fourteenth Corps,
which extended to our front, by rapid skirmishing, but nothing more. September 2, the enemy
gone this morning, and we marched into Jonesborough. Moved down the railroad about five
miles and found the enemy occupying an eminence in our front, protecting their train moving
from Atlanta. A loud noise, supposed to be an explosion, was heard last night in direction of
Atlanta. In reserve to-day. Destroyed the railroad to-night. September 3 and 4, in camp.
September 5, occupied a line of works on an eminence in our rear at 2 p.m. Moved again to the
rear at 11 p.m., and camped near Jonesborough, behind the works a part of the brigade had
occupied during the charge of the enemy August 31. September 6, in camp; formed line at 4 p.m.
to repel the enemy, reported to be advancing through town. They did not come within range.
September 7, moved at 7 a.m. toward East Point, and occupied a line of works erected by the
enemy the night of August 30, at a mill. September 8, moved at 8 a.m. and reached East Point at
11 a.m., camping in line of battle by brigade.
With much respect, I am your obedient servant,
GEO. H. HILDT,
Lieutenant-Colonel Thirtieth Ohio Veteran Vol. Infantry.
Capt. J. T. MCAULEY,
A. A. A. G., 1st Brig., 2d Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. COMPANY A, FIRST ILLINOIS LIGHT ARTILLERY,
14
In the Field, Ga., September 6, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor to report to you the part taken by this battery in this campaign,
commencing May 1, 1864, but it is impossible for me to give a minute detail of the part taken
from May 1, 1864, to July 24, 1864, as I was not in command of the battery at that time, and no
books or papers were found on my taking command.
The battery marched from Larkinsville, Ala., under command of Capt. P. P. Wood, with the
division commanded by Brig. Gen. M. L. Smith, to Chattanooga, Tenn., and took an active part
in the battles of Resaca May 13; near Dallas from May 26 to 31; Big Shanty, June 10; Kenesaw
Mountain, June 20, and fought more or less until July 2, 1864. When the enemy evacuated
Kenesaw Mountain the battery moved, with the division, through Marietta, Ga. July 12, Batteries
A and B were consolidated, and First Lieut. Samuel S. Smyth assigned to command. The cause
of this consolidation was the expiration of the term of service of most of the men of the two
batteries, and they, with all the officers, were sent to Springfield, Ill., to be mustered out of the
service of the United States. July 22, the battery was engaged in the battle near Atlanta, Ga. The
enemy made a successful assault on our left, which was held by the Fifteenth and Seventeenth
Corps, succeeded in taking our line of works and with it the consolidated battery of Company A,
First Illinois Light Artillery. This was a dear-bought victory for the enemy. Battery A lost heavy
in men and horses. The casualties of the company were 32 men killed, wounded, and missing; 55
horses were killed and captured, mostly killed; Second Lieutenant Raub was killed; First Lieut.
Samuel S. Smyth was taken prisoner and reported killed, while being taken to the rear, by one of
our own bullets. Shortly afterward our line advanced and drove the enemy from the works they
had taken, and recaptured 2 of the six guns of the battery. The enemy succeeded in drawing away
four of them.
It was at this time, July 23, that I was assigned to the command of the battery by general
orders from Fifteenth Army Corps headquarters, dated July 23, 1864. After having received,
from the First Iowa Battery, two more guns, with horses and equipments, and from regiments of
the First Brigade thirty-three infantrymen, the battery, July 24, was again in "fighting trim." On
the night of the 26th of July marched from the extreme left to our extreme right, a distance of
fifteen miles. Arrived at our destination July 28. At noon the enemy's skirmishers were found
and fighting began. After our forces had driven the enemy about one mile they were found in
strong force. Preparations were immediately made to fight the enemy. Only one section of the
battery was engaged, but as no shots could be used with effect the section was withdrawn, by
order of Major Maurice, chief of artillery of the Fifteenth Army Corps.
The battery was in different positions before Atlanta, Ga., doing good execution with shot
and spherical case-shot, until August 26, when at night our army left the works and marched on
the Sandtown road toward Jonesborough.
We arrived in the vicinity, near Flint River, and the battery was engaged in the battles on the
31st of August and 1st of September; three horses were killed during the two days.
The battery at this time is in a very needy condition, and a quantity of ordnance and
quartermaster's stores are required to fill up deficiencies in order to put the battery in complete
condition. At the same time I beg leave to report that sixteen men belonging to this battery are on
detached service in different places within the department, and as these men are needed to
complete the required number of a four-gun battery, I respectfully request that the same be
returned to the battery or other men in place of them.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. ECHTE,
First Lieut. Company F, Second Missouri Light Artillery,
Commanding Company A, First Illinois Light Artillery.
15
Capt. G. LOFLAND,
Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Division, 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, FIFTEENTH ARMY CORPS,
Huntsville, Ala., May 18, 1864.
I have the honor to submit the following report concerning the recent movements of troops
under my command for your information: Learning that the enemy had crossed the river and was
concentrating near Florence, on the 12th instant I telegraphed Brig. Gen. W. Q. Gresham,
stationed at Athens, to direct Colonel Rowett to move with his command and Ninth Ohio
Cavalry on Florence, and ascertain the amount of force gathered there, and, if he was not
sufficiently strong to drive him across the river, to learn all facts connected therewith and report
as soon as possible.
About 9.30 a.m. yesterday, the 17th instant, a man belonging to the detachment of Fifth Iowa
Infantry, stationed at Indian Creek, came in and reported that Madison Station had been attacked,
and that heavy cannonading was heard in that direction. Soon after, a man belonging to the
Thirteenth Illinois Infantry reached town, stating that the station had been attacked from all
directions by a large force, estimated at from 1,000 to 3,000 men, with four pieces of artillery,
and that as the regiment was entirely surrounded it would no doubt be captured. He also stated
that the attack was made at 8 a.m., while mounting guard, and that the first that was known of the
presence of the enemy they were firing into their camp. Upon hearing this report, and learning
that a train of cars which started out in the morning had just returned, I immediately ordered out
the Fifth Ohio Cavalry, and also ordered up from Whitesburg the Eighteenth Wisconsin infantry,
and directed Col. G. B. Raum, commanding Second Brigade, stationed at Larkinsville, to send by
train one regiment of his command. While waiting the arrival of these regiments, proceeded to
arm all detachments, convalescent soldiers, teamsters, &c., unarmed, in order that every man
could be made available, and at the same time made preparations for defense in and around town
by placing cotton in position, and also putting ammunition, &c., in secure and accessible places.
About 10 o'clock I started by train the Fifty-ninth Indiana Infantry, under command of
Lieutenant-Colonel Scott, toward Madison, with intention to hold the balance of the force in
town, having heard that the enemy had made his appearance near town on road leading
southwest, until the Eighteenth Wisconsin and Seventeenth Iowa reached this place. About the
middle of the afternoon Colonel Alexander, with the Forty-eight Indiana and one battery, left
here by rail for Madison. On reaching there they found that the Fifty-ninth Indiana, a part of the
Thirteenth Illinois, with the Fifth Ohio Cavalry--125 men--had already recaptured the station,
and were then following the enemy in their retreat toward Triana, near which place they had
crossed the river the night previous. The enemy being mounted and our cavalry being
insufficient, the infantry could hardly be expected to do them much damage. They did, however,
manage to overtake their rear guard, with whom they skirmished, killing 1 man, wounding
several, and captured 4 prisoners and some 30 or 40 horses. Our loss during the skirmishing was
2 or 3 wounded. At present, having received no official report from Colonel Gorgas, I am unable
to give his losses, but they are supposed to be some 40 or 50 missing, but a few wounded, and I
am unable to learn of any one having been killed. They burned the station-house, cut the
telegraph wire, but it was repaired and in running order the same night; the railroad unharmed.
All the regimental property of the Thirteenth Illinois was captured and carried off or destroyed,
including regimental train, camp and garrison equipage, men's clothing, blankets, &c. A full
report has been ordered of Colonel Gorgas, and will be forwarded as soon as received. The Fifth
Iowa Infantry Veterans returned to Decatur Saturday, and were ordered to take position along the
railroad at and near Madison Station to strengthen that
line. Preparatory to moving there the
16
regimental baggage, camp and garrison equipage, and records of the regiment, which had been
stored at this place, were taken by cars to Madison Station on Monday, the 16th instant. The
whole of this property was destroyed, and 6 of the men left in charge of it were taken prisoners.
I have just received a dispatch from General Gresham, stating that Rowett on his return
reports having driven the enemy across the Tennessee at Florence, killing several and capturing
24 men, whom he has with him. We have reports of the enemy gathering in several places
throughout the country on this side of the river, who have crossed the river in small squads. It is
also reported that those on the south side are moving up in the direction of Bridgeport or
Chattanooga, no doubt to strike at the weakest place in our line of communication. From the
force I have, extended as it is along the line, it is totally impossible for me to operate against
them successfully, but must content myself in endeavoring to secure the line of communication.
I learn that I was misinformed in regard to the telegraph line being cut near Winchester, as
per telegram of this date to Major-General McPherson. There is, however, a considerable force
of the enemy in the vicinity of Winchester and Fayetteville.
Since writing the above, Colonel Gorgas' official report has been received, which is herewith
inclosed, and from all the information obtained I am led to believe that he was culpably
negligent.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. E. SMITH,
Brigadier-General.
Maj. R. R. TOWNES,
Assistant Adjutant-General, Fifteenth Army Corps.
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, FIFTEENTH ARMY CORPS,
Cartersville, Ga., September 14, 1864.
MAJOR: In compliance with your directions of date August 25, 1864, I have the honor to
transmit the reports of Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, commanding Seventeenth Regiment Iowa
Volunteer Infantry, stationed at Tilton, Ga.; also report of Captain Snodgrass, commanding
detachment of same regiment, stationed at water-tank, north of Tilton. From the reports it will be
perceived that there were no casualties previous to the surrender of the stockade at water-tank,
and that little or no defense was made. How far this was justifiable it is impossible for me to
determine. It is evident they thought there was an overwhelming force, and in the absence of any
other information, take it for granted that the officers are correct in their reports. The regiment
has always behaved well since being in my command (previous to which I have no knowledge of
it), and unless I should see it could not believe it would be otherwise.
I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. E. SMITH,
Brigadier-General.
Maj. S. B. MOE,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
Resaca, Ga., July 14, 1864.
In compliance with the order from your headquarters, referring a communication from the
headquarters of the district to the general commanding the division, of date July 8, 1864, in
reference to the capture and destruction of a train on the evening of the 5th instant, and the
conduct of the commanding officer at Tilton in connection therewith, I have the honor to report
that I have thoroughly investigated the case, and find
that about 6 or 6.30 p.m. of the 5th instant a
17
party of the enemy, estimated at from 200 to 300 dismounted cavalrymen, attacked and captured
a loaded train, going to the front, at a point on the Western and Atlantic Railroad, about six miles
north of Tilton, Ga. After firing one or two rounds the enemy set fire to the train. None of my
command being on the ground, the above facts are obtained from a report made to Col. C. R.
Wever, at Tilton, by the engineer in charge of the train. No firing was heard at Tilton. The first
information at Tilton of the capture of the train was the light from the burning mass, which was
supposed by some to be northern lights. Soon after the light became visible the patrol from
Tilton, north, returned to that place, and reported that a train had been captured and was being
burnt. Four companies of the Seventeenth Iowa were immediately sent to the scene of disaster,
under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Archer. He arrived about 9 p.m.; found no person
with the train, which was still burning. As no means were at hand to extinguish the fire and save
the property not already consumed, Colonel Archer made a reconnaissance on each side of the
railroad for a considerable distance without discovering the enemy. He then moved north about
one mile to the water-tank, where he found a detachment of the Seventh Illinois Infantry
Volunteers, numbering about ninety men, encamped. He then learned that fifty men had been
sent to the scene of disaster from the Seventh Illinois detachment, on the train following the one
which was captured; that they encountered the enemy, about twenty-five strong, in possession of
twelve cars, which had become detached and which were burning. The enemy being fired upon,
withdrew to the woods, and the detachment of the Seventh Illinois returned to the water-tank.
Lieutenant-Colonel Archer left his command at the tank in charge of Captain Hicks, Seventeenth
Iowa Volunteers, and went to Dalton, where a construction train was obtained, with which he
returned the next morning, and with his command reached Tilton early on the day of the 6th
instant. It is difficult for me to estimate the loss, which was complete. The train consisted of a
locomotive, tender, and 16 cars, loaded with commissary stores. The enemy must have had
possession of the railroad about one hour and a half.
I express it as my opinion that Col. C. R. Wever, commanding at Tilton, sent troops to the
relief of the train as soon as he had any definite information of the disaster, and that the capture
and destruction of the train is not chargeable to any neglect on his part. At 10 p.m. of the 5th
instant I received a dispatch from him informing me of the disaster and the steps he had taken to
assist the train. The report "that no steps were taken by him to disturb the depredators or to arrest
the further destruction of the road and property, and secure the safety of the other trains then due
until ordered to do so on the following morning," is entirely untrue.
I have the honor to be, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
GREEN B. RAUM,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
Capt. C. L. WHITE,
Assistant Adjutant-General.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., THIRD DIV., FIFTEENTH CORPS,
Resaca, Ga., September 2, 1864.
CAPTAIN: In compliance with the order referring a communication from the headquarters of
the District of the Etowah to the general commanding the division, of date August 25, 1864, and
herewith returned, I have the honor of submitting the following report:
On the evening of the 14th ultimo, having received reliable information of the strength and
movements of Wheeler's cavalry I directed Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, commanding
Seventeenth Iowa Volunteers, to concentrate his command, directing that Captain Snodgrass,
commanding the detachment two miles south of Dalton, report to Colonel Laiboldt at that place.
Captain Snodgrass was posted fourteen miles north of these
headquarters. There being no
18
telegraph office at Tilton, he was communicated with by courier, not, however, before the enemy
had attacked Dalton. Being directed to go to that place, and it being impracticable for him to do
so, he concluded to remain at, and defend himself in, a stockade erected for the protection of a
water-tank. During the night the stockade was surrounded by the enemy and some shots were
exchanged. The next morning, from the best information I can obtain, a pretty steady fire was
kept up from the stockade until about 8 o'clock, the men firing about twenty rounds each. The
enemy by this time brought into position two pieces of artillery, and under a flag of truce
demanded a surrender of the stockade and the captain and his men as prisoners of war, which
command was complied with. The stockade was of sufficient strength to resist musketry, but
would afford no protection against artillery. The captain surrendered his command without
suffering any loss, upon the well-grounded belief that, with the use of artillery, the enemy would
be able to annihilate his force. He could not hope for assistance, Dalton being invested and Tilton
being seven miles distant, that being the nearest point from which troops could be sent. I would
add that Captain Snodgrass has been in several engagements and has ever acted with coolness
and courage. I herewith inclose a copy of a report, I caused him to make.
I have been unable to learn what loss the enemy suffered in the affair, but it is believed they
lost 3 killed and several wounded. They, however, denied any loss.
I inclose a copy of a report made by Lieutenant-Colonel Archer touching the part taken by
him in resisting the attack made by the enemy on the railroad south of Tilton.
At 10 a.m. of the 15th ultimo I received notice that the enemy had attacked the railroad south
of Tilton. I immediately sent the Eightieth Ohio, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel
Metham, and eighty cavalry, under Captain Robinson, to attack the enemy. These troops
although moving with great rapidity, did not reach the point until after the enemy had withdrawn.
Hoping the foregoing will be sufficiently explicit, I have the honor to be, very respectfully,
your obedient servant,
GREEN B. RAUM,
Colonel, Commanding Brigade.
Capt. S. M. BUDLONG,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. SEVENTEENTH IOWA VET. VOL. INFANTRY,
Tilton, Ga., July 12, 1864.
LIEUTENANT: In compliance with orders from your headquarters, of date Resaca, Ga., July
11, 1864, I herewith submit the following statement in relation to the capture of the train on the
evening of July 5, together with a copy of Lieut. Col. Archer's report of same (inclosed):
Soon after sunset on the evening above mentioned, a light was discovered in the direction of
Dalton. My attention was called to it. I was unable to determine whether it was a fire, or, as my
officers supposed, "northern lights." Just at this time the patrol, which had been sent out at the
usual hour, returned and reported that the rebels had captured and were burning a train. I
immediately dispatched four companies, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, to
whose report I call your attention for further information.
In reply to your questions I would state: First, that the train was captured about six miles
north of Tilton, just before sunset. Second, I can form no idea of the loss sustained; was informed
by the engineer that there were 16 cars, loaded with coffee and flour. The train was completely
destroyed. Third, I have no means of estimating the amount of firing done. The engineer and his
comrade (who was wounded) reported that as soon as the locomotive ran off the track the train
was surrounded by from 200 to 300 men, who fired a volley or two into the train. My opinion is
they were too badly scared to be able to tell whether
there were 25 or 300 men in the band. The
19
rebs wore spurs. Fourth, it was fully two hours after the train was captured before my troops
reached that point. The enemy, very likely, had possession all that time. Fifth, no firing was
heard at Tilton. A detachment of Seventh Illinois Veteran Volunteers were stationed at a watertank
about one mile above where the train was captured. They were taken down by the train
following. Sixth, I received information of the disaster shortly after sunset, and immediately sent
four companies, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, to the spot.
Very respectfully,
C. R. WEVER,
Colonel Seventeenth Iowa Vet. Vol. Infty., Comdg. Post.
Lieut. M. NICHELSON,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Second Brigade.
TILTON, GA., July 11, 1864.
COLONEL: I herewith submit the following report in relation to the disaster on the railroad
on the evening of July 5, 1864:
In accordance with your orders, at 7.30 p.m. of July 5, I took Companies C, H, I, and K and
marched up the railroad, reaching the scene of the disaster at about 9 o'clock. Found no person
with the cars, which were still burning. As no means were at hand to extinguish the fire and save
the property not already consumed, I made a reconnaissance on each side of the road for a
considerable distance, discovering no traces of the enemy. I then took the command to the watertank,
distant about one mile from the cars; reached there about 10 o'clock. Here I found a
detachment of about ninety men of the Seventh Illinois Infantry encamped. The entire command
were asleep except the pickets. Upon inquiry I learned the following facts (from a noncommissioned
officer, as I saw no commissioned officer): The train which was behind the one
destroyed backed down to the tank as soon as they discovered what was being enacted ahead.
Reported to the officer in command of Seventh Illinois detachment, who sent fifty men down on
the train. At about 150 yards from the rear of the train (or that portion of it which had broken
loose from the rest of the train, viz, twelve cars) they stopped and the men got off. The rebels had
just commenced firing that portion of the train. The detachment fired upon them (about twentyfive
in number), when they immediately left the railroad, took to the woods, fired a volley, raised
a yell, and left. Thinking that they designed flanking them or attacking the water-tank the
detachment immediately got aboard the cars and went back to the tank, where I found them when
I arrived. As nothing further could be done at this late hour I left my four companies in charge of
Capt. S. E. Hicks, Company K, and went up to Dalton for a construction train to repair the road
and remove the rubbish, &c., from the track. With this train I came back in the morning and
immediately returned to camp. The disaster occurred about six miles north of Tilton at about 6 or
6.30 p.m.
The above report embraces all the facts of consequence with which I am acquainted.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S. M. ARCHER,
Lieutenant-Colonel Seventeenth Iowa Vet. Vol. Infty.
Col. C. R. WEVER,
Commanding Seventeenth Iowa Infantry.
-----
HDQRS. SEVENTEENTH IOWA VET. VOL. INFANTRY,
Tilton, Ga., August 20, 1864.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to submit the following report of operations in this vicinity in
which my regiment was engaged, on the 14th and 15th of the
present month:
20
On the afternoon of the 14th citizens from the neighborhood of Dalton reported heavy firing
in that direction, and that the garrison was engaged against a very large force of rebel cavalry. At
about 8 p.m. I received a communication from Col. Green B. Raum, commanding Second
Brigade, Third Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, notifying me that a large force of the enemy was
moving to the east of me, and directing me to withdraw Companies D and E (under command of
Capt. Thomas Ping, three miles north of me), and to order Captains Snodgrass and Craig to
report with their companies(H and I) to Colonel Laiboldt at Dalton. I immediately dispatched
orders to the two detachments, and at 11.30 p.m. Captain Ping arrived with his command.
During the evening I employed all my force, together with the engineer corps encamped here, in
constructing breast-works and digging rifle-pits on each side of Swamp Creek, protecting the
railroad bridge and water-tanks. At about 9 o'clock, having ascertained that a large body of the
enemy were very near us, I sent out two men mounted on mules, on each road leading to the
town, so that we might be notified of their approach in time to prepare for them. Scarcely five
minutes elapsed before eight musket shots were fired in quick succession just across the
Connesauga River, distant about 300 yards. I immediately formed my battalion and prepared to
receive the enemy, which I supposed would attack us at once. One of my mounted men, Corporal
Doan, Company C, returned at this junction and reported a heavy force across the river. He and
his comrade had ridden past several rebels hidden in the angles of the fence beside the road, and
when very near the reserves were halted. They at once wheeled around and started for the river
under the fire above mentioned. Corporal Stafford, Company C, was thrown from his mule and
captured. Finding that the enemy did not contemplate an immediate attack, I had thirty men of
the engineer company posted on the bank covering the main ford of the river. At about 12
o'clock the rebels were heard crossing the river a considerable distance below the regular ford,
and I immediately sent out Company H, Lieutenant Swearengin commanding, to skirmish with
them providing they advanced upon us. Captain Browne, with his company (F), was also sent out
on the Dalton road for the same purpose.
At about 1 a.m. of the 15th, we could plainly hear the enemy destroying the railroad about
one mile and a half below us. This continued for perhaps two hours, during which time the
pickets at the main ford of the Connesauga exchanged occasional shots with those of the enemy
(in which they mortally wounded a captain and sergeant of the Fourth Georgia Cavalry),
showing that they were still there. We could hear them to the north and east of us, and I
concluded that to divide my small force (about 240 muskets) and attempt to save the railroad,
would not only leave the bridge, block-house, and tank insufficiently guarded, but would
doubtless result in very severe loss, if not the capture of the entire command. I therefore kept my
command inside the works. I have since learned that the rebel force numbered over 3,000
(General Martin's division of Wheeler's cavalry corps), and that they came here for the purpose
of destroying the bridge, tank, and block-house, but were deceived by misrepresentations of our
strength, and therefore did not attempt it.
Captain Snodgrass, Company I, and Captain Craig's company (H) were captured on the
morning of the 15th instant, and paroled on the 16th by General Wheeler, eight miles northeast
of Spring Place. It was impossible for them to report to Colonel Laiboldt as directed, as the
rebels were in strong force between the tank and Dalton.
For further particulars I refer you to the accompanying report of Captain Snodgrass,
commanding the detachment.
Very respectfully,
S. M. ARCHER,
Lieut. Col., Comdg. Seventeenth Iowa Vet. Vol. Infty.
Capt. W. W. McCAMMON,
21
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 2d Brig., 3d Div., 15th Army Corps.
TILTON, GA., August 20, 1864.
LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report the following in regard to the engagement
between the forces under my command (Companies H and I, Seventeenth Iowa Veteran
Volunteer Infantry) and a portion of General Wheeler's cavalry corps, on the 15th day of August,
1864, at the water-tank, two miles south of Dalton, Ga.:
On the 14th day of August, 1864, at 3.15 o'clock, firing was heard in the immediate vicinity
of Dalton. Half an hour there after, a large force of the enemy appeared on the railroad, at a point
one mile and a half south of Dalton. They immediately commenced the destruction of a small
bridge at this point, at the same time threatening an attack upon my position at the water-tank.
After destroying the bridge the enemy continued the destruction of the railroad by tearing up the
track, and advancing slowly toward my position. As the enemy appeared in overwhelming
numbers, I concluded not to make any attack on them, but to hold my position, if possible. I
immediately dispatched a courier to Captain Ping, commanding a small detachment four miles
south of me, informing him of my perilous situation, and asking for re-enforcements. Upon the
return of my courier I received an order from Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, commanding
Seventeenth Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry at Tilton, to report to Dalton. This was impossible
for me to do, as the enemy was between me and Dalton, numbering several thousand, and slowly
advancing toward the water-tank, destroying the railroad track as they came. As the enemy
advanced, a considerable number of shots were exchanged with my pickets. At this time I had all
my force collected in and about the stockade, keeping out a sentinel a short distance on each
side. The enemy continued his work of destroying the railroad, and advancing until after dark. At
11 p.m. my pickets were driven in, when the enemy moved forward and closed his lines to within
250 or 300 yards of the stockade. At this time he appeared to be in overwhelming force, entirely
surrounding me, but almost entirely concealed by the darkness and a thick growth of underbrush.
Thus the situation remained until near daylight on the morning of the 15th instant, the enemy
firing a few shots at intervals during the night.
Shortly before daylight he opened with heavy musketry fire, and gradually closing his lines,
still remaining hid from view by the thick underbrush. I exhorted the men to keep cool; not to
waste their ammunition by rapid firing, but to make every shot effective, if possible. Heavy
firing was kept up in this way until 8 a.m., when it was discovered that the enemy was
approaching with several pieces of artillery, and preparing to shell the stockade. At 8.15 a.m. the
enemy sent in a flag of truce, demanding an immediate and unconditional surrender. After
consultation with the officers under my command I offered the following terms: First, that both
officers and enlisted men retain their personal property; second, that we should be treated as
prisoners of war. These terms were accepted, and at 8.45 o'clock I surrendered my entire
command, consisting of 3 commissioned officers and 62 enlisted men, with all their arms and
accouterments and camp and garrison equipage. We were placed under guard and marched
rapidly (eastwardly), passing through Spring Place 3 p.m. of the 15th instant, and camping eight
miles northeast of the town, remaining in camp all day on the 16th instant.
At 5 p.m. of the 16th we were taken under guard to General Wheeler's headquarters, and
there paroled, when we immediately started on our return with an escort of one commissioned
officer and ten men. At Spring Place the escort left us and returned to join their commands.
On the morning of the 17th we continued our march, arriving at Tilton, Ga., at 1 p.m., where
I joined my regiment, the Seventeenth Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry.
I have the honor to be, your most obedient servant,
J. C. SNODGRASS,
22
Captain, Seventeenth Iowa Vet. Vol. Infantry.
Lieut. F. WOOLSEY,
Adjutant, Seventeenth Iowa.
TILTON, GA., August 20, 1864.
LIEUTENANT: I have the honor to report the following in regard to the engagement
between the forces under my command (Companies H and I, Seventeenth Iowa Veteran
Volunteer Infantry) and a portion of General Wheeler's cavalry corps, on the 15th day of August,
1864, at the water-tank, two miles south of Dalton, Ga.:
On the 14th day of August, 1864, at 3.15 o'clock, firing was heard in the immediate vicinity
of Dalton. Half an hour there after, a large force of the enemy appeared on the railroad, at a point
one mile and a half south of Dalton. They immediately commenced the destruction of a small
bridge at this point, at the same time threatening an attack upon my position at the water-tank.
After destroying the bridge the enemy continued the destruction of the railroad by tearing up the
track, and advancing slowly toward my position. As the enemy appeared in overwhelming
numbers, I concluded not to make any attack on them, but to hold my position, if possible. I
immediately dispatched a courier to Captain Ping, commanding a small detachment four miles
south of me, informing him of my perilous situation, and asking for re-enforcements. Upon the
return of my courier I received an order from Lieutenant-Colonel Archer, commanding
Seventeenth Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry at Tilton, to report to Dalton. This was impossible
for me to do, as the enemy was between me and Dalton, numbering several thousand, and slowly
advancing toward the water-tank, destroying the railroad track as they came. As the enemy
advanced, a considerable number of shots were exchanged with my pickets. At this time I had all
my force collected in and about the stockade, keeping out a sentinel a short distance on each
side. The enemy continued his work of destroying the railroad, and advancing until after dark. At
11 p.m. my pickets were driven in, when the enemy moved forward and closed his lines to within
250 or 300 yards of the stockade. At this time he appeared to be in overwhelming force, entirely
surrounding me, but almost entirely concealed by the darkness and a thick growth of underbrush.
Thus the situation remained until near daylight on the morning of the 15th instant, the enemy
firing a few shots at intervals during the night.
Shortly before daylight he opened with heavy musketry fire, and gradually closing his lines,
still remaining hid from view by the thick underbrush. I exhorted the men to keep cool; not to
waste their ammunition by rapid firing, but to make every shot effective, if possible. Heavy
firing was kept up in this way until 8 a.m., when it was discovered that the enemy was
approaching with several pieces of artillery, and preparing to shell the stockade. At 8.15 a.m. the
enemy sent in a flag of truce, demanding an immediate and unconditional surrender. After
consultation with the officers under my command I offered the following terms: First, that both
officers and enlisted men retain their personal property; second, that we should be treated as
prisoners of war. These terms were accepted, and at 8.45 o'clock I surrendered my entire
command, consisting of 3 commissioned officers and 62 enlisted men, with all their arms and
accouterments and camp and garrison equipage. We were placed under guard and marched
rapidly (eastwardly), passing through Spring Place 3 p.m. of the 15th instant, and camping eight
miles northeast of the town, remaining in camp all day on the 16th instant.
At 5 p.m. of the 16th we were taken under guard to General Wheeler's headquarters, and
there paroled, when we immediately started on our return with an escort of one commissioned
officer and ten men. At Spring Place the escort left us and returned to join their commands.
On the morning of the 17th we continued our march, arriving at Tilton, Ga., at 1 p.m., where
I joined my regiment, the Seventeenth Iowa Veteran
Volunteer Infantry.
23
I have the honor to be, your most obedient servant,
J. C. SNODGRASS,
Captain, Seventeenth Iowa Vet. Vol. Infantry.
Lieut. F. WOOLSEY,
Adjutant, Seventeenth Iowa.
HEADQUARTERS FORTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY,
East Point, Ga., September 9, 1864.
CAPTAIN: On the 3d day of August, 1864, the Forty-eighth Regiment Illinois Infantry
furnished 100 men and 3 commissioned officers for skirmish duty. The skirmish line was
immediately advanced to the crest of the hill, upon which we subsequently constructed works.
The regiment moved out and occupied the line of works which had been constructed by the
skirmishers on the crest of the hill August 9, 1864, and remained in the ditches and on the
skirmish line until the night of the 26th, when we were ordered to the right. The regiment moved
out of the works at 10 p.m., in rear of the Ninetieth Illinois Infantry and in advance of the
Seventieth Ohio Infantry. The skirmishers were withdrawn at 2 o'clock of the morning of the
27th. The regiment marched, with the several other regiments of the brigade, until the evening of
the 27th at 6 p.m., when we were halted and ordered to take our respective positions on the
extreme right of the Army of the Cumberland.
Here we remained until the morning of the 28th. We moved to the vicinity of the railroad,
where we halted at 5 p.m. At 8 p.m. the Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry was ordered to the railroad
for the purpose of destroying and burning the railroad. After tearing up and burning more than
three times the length of the regiment of railroad we were relieved at midnight and ordered to
resume our position in the brigade adjacent to the railroad; here we remained thirty hours. On the
morning of the 30th we resumed the march, moved to the vicinity of Jonesborough, southsoutheast
from Atlanta, where we constructed works on the night of the 30th and morning of the
31st.
We remained in our works until the morning of the 2d September, when we were ordered to
pursue the retreating enemy. We marched to the vicinity of Lovejoy's Station, where we again
found the enemy strongly intrenched. Here we constructed works during the night of the 2d and
morning of the 3d. The Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry was formed in line on the left of the
Seventieth Ohio Infantry and on the right of the Thirty-first Iowa Infantry (which was on the
extreme right of the First Division, Fifteenth Army Corps). We remained in these last-named
works until the night of the 5th, when we were ordered to evacuate the works. We left the works
at 9 p.m. and marched directly to Jonesborough, where we resumed our position in the works
which we had constructed on the night of the 30th and morning of the 31st August, where we
remained until the morning of the 6th, when we evacuated these works and marched to Morris'
Mill, where we remained until the 7th, when we marched to East Point, and took up our present
position.
I am, captain, respectfully,
EDWARD ADAMS,
Major Forty-eighth Illinois Infty. Vet. Vols., Comdg. Regt.
Capt. JOHN CAMPBELL,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
HDQRS. ONE HUNDREDTH REGIMENT INDIANA VOLUNTEERS,
In the Field, June 4, 1864.
24
SIR: I have the honor to report the part taken by my regiment in the battle of Resaca,
commencing on the 13th and ending on the 15th day of May, 1864:
On the morning of the 13th, at 5 o'clock, we moved from the mouth of Snake [Creek] Gap
against the enemy, who was massing his force at Resaca; marched to the cross-roads near that
place; was ordered to form in rear of the Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army
Corps, there to be held in reserve, I had but just got into position when you ordered me to move
to the front by the left flank, forming in line of battle on a line with the First Division,
commanded by General Osterhaus, and to conform the march of my regiment to that of General
Osterhaus. You also ordered me to deploy fifty men in charge of a good officer as skirmishers;
all of which was done. About 12 o'clock we moved forward in line of battle, through a dense
wood, to the open field in the immediate front of the first of the enemy's works. Reformed in the
edge of the wood next to the fence, and upon the crest of the hill, my skirmishers steadily
pressing forward and driving those of the enemy. While this was being done the enemy kept up a
furious cannonade, throwing both shot and shell upon the left of General Osterhaus and the entire
front of my line, but was finally driven from his first line of works by the skirmishers. You then
ordered me to re-enforce my line of skirmishers by two companies from my regiment, and to
direct them to press forward and drive the enemy from the wood-covered hill on the right of his
Works just taken. I deployed Companies C and D, who promptly moved forward to re-enforce
Captain Fast's company (B), who had been skirmishing from the first; you also ordered me to
advance the regiment across the open field, and take a position about half a mile to the left, and
fronting the rebel works, about 1,200 yards therefrom; all of which was done: Here we remained
until about 6 p.m., when we were relieved by a regiment from the Second Brigade, and ordered
to fall back and replenish with ammunition. For full two hours my regiment was under an intense
fire from the enemy's artillery, the shells falling and bursting within my lines, but fortunately
doing us but little injury. During the whole of the time my men behaved with remarkable
coolness and self-possession. This night we bivouacked upon the field; in the morning was
ordered to move forward to support the main column, if necessary; at 7 p.m. moved to the right,
to support the Second Division of the Fifteenth Army Corps. Remained there until morning of
the 16th, when, the enemy having evacuated his works in our front, we moved in pursuit.
My officers and men conducted themselves gallantly, but I shall do injustice did I not make
special mention of Maj. R. M. Johnson, of my regiment, who was in command of the skirmish
line of your brigade, for his coolness, prudence, and gallantry, and most earnestly hope he may
be properly rewarded for the great service he rendered that day, riding along the whole line of
skirmishers, inspiring the men by his heroic example, and personally directing every movement.
I also make special mention of Capt. O. J. Fast, Company B, who was in command of the
skirmishers of my regiment, assisted by First Lieut. John W. Geisinger, Company D, and would
recommend that they be promoted for gallantry. Both were so intelligent, active, and brave that it
seemed they could, with their line of skirmishers, drive a whole regiment of the enemy before
them. Captain Fast was the first to enter the enemy's works. All of the officers of my regiment
conducted themselves gallantly and discharged their whole duty. My loss in this battle was 13
enlisted men and 1 officer wounded.
Respectfully submitted.
ALBERT HEATH,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding One hundredth Indiana Volunteers.
Capt. IRA J. BLOOMFIELD,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, First Brigade, Fourth Division.
On the 16th day of May, the enemy having evacuated his works, at 11 a.m. we marched in
pursuit, and camped on north side of Oostenaula Creek at 8
p.m. May 17, guarded wagon train;
25
marched twelve miles, and bivouacked at midnight. May 18, joined brigade early in morning;
marched fourteen miles; bivouacked on Burnsley plantation at 7 p.m.; men cheerful, but
considerably fatigued. May 19, marched nine miles; bivouacked near Kingston, Ga. May 20, 21,
and 22, remained in camp. May 23, broke camp at 7 a.m.; weather very warm; marched about
twenty miles; bivouacked on ---- Creek. May 24, marched eight miles; bivouacked on mountains.
May 25, First Brigade, as train guards, marched ten miles, and camped on Pumpkin Vine Creek
at 3 a.m. the 26th. May 26, on guard during the day; at 7 p.m. marched again ; marched five
miles, halting about one mile from Dallas at 4 a.m. the 27th. May 27, at 7 a.m. was ordered to
take position in line; moved out for that purpose; placed regiment in position on the right, and
perpendicular to the line of the Sixth Iowa; was ordered to deploy two companies of my regiment
as skirmishers in my front, which was done. At 12 m. I believed, from indications, that an assault
by the enemy was intended. Having no fortifications, I re-enforced my skirmish line with
Companies B and C. At 1 p.m. the enemy's skirmishers engaged my men sharply, but were
repulsed with loss. This day I lost in wounded 7 men, including 1 commissioned officer. During
the afternoon and night I fortified my line. May 28, placed a very strong skirmish line in front of
my regiment. At 3.30 p.m. the enemy charged my skirmish line in force, and steadily, but slowly,
pressed it back to the main line, which was then attacked, but they were handsomely repulsed.
The attack lasted about thirty minutes. My regiment in this fight suffered a loss of 3 killed and 14
wounded. In our front we buried 11 of the enemy and captured quite a number of muskets--the
exact number I have forgotten, having lost my memoranda. May 29, advanced our skirmish line
and developed the strength of the enemy; then fell back to the original line. Lost in this 3 men
wounded. May 30, again advanced the skirmish line, and suffered a loss of 2 men severely
wounded. May 31, remained in line; no casualties this day.
June 1, abandoned our position at 4 a.m.; marched to the left seven miles, to a point near
New Hope Church; there we relieved a portion of the Twentieth Army Corps. This day lost 2
men wounded. June 2, this day my regiment is in reserve. June 3, advanced our main line of
works about sixty yard; lost 1 man severely wounded. June 4, remained quiet; no casualties. June
5, the enemy abandoned his position the preceding night. At 12 o'clock we marched to the left
five miles and bivouacked. June 6, marched at 6 a.m. six miles and bivouacked near Acworth,
Ga. June 7, 8, and 9, remained in camp near Acworth. June 10, marched six miles; halted near
Big Shanty; took position and fortified during the night; Company K deployed as skirmishers; no
casualties. June 11, 12, 13, and 14, remained quiet; not engaged with enemy. June 15, at 11 a.m.
moved to the left and front, in support of the Second Brigade, who engaged the enemy. My
regiment and brigade, being in reserve, was not engaged; remained in reserve until the 25th. June
25, at 8 p.m. moved two miles to the right, and relieved General Davis' division, of the
Fourteenth Army Corps. Here we remained before Kenesaw, skirmishing continually with the
enemy, until 3d July; my loss here was 2 men wounded only in the whole time.
July 3, the enemy evacuated his position during the previous night, and at 8 a.m., we broke
camp and marched to Marietta, Ga., and bivouacked. July 4, marched to the right twelve miles--
forced march. July 5, marched seven miles and came up with the enemy at the Chattahoochee
River at 11 a.m.; not engaged with the enemy this day. July 6, remained in camp. July 7, moved
up on line and worked hard all night on our fortifications. Lost 1 man wounded. July 8 and 9,
not engaged, except sharp skirmishing. July 10, the enemy evacuate and cross the river; this day
I was ordered to report with my regiment at Marietta for duty. July 11, marched to Marietta,
where we remained on duty until the 13th day of August.
August 14, I reported with my regiment to you for duty, having been assigned to the Second
Brigade on the 3d day of August; during the whole time my regiment was at Marietta, the labor
of the men was excessive, but was cheerfully performed.
From the morning of the 15th to the
26
26th day of August my regiment was in reserve, doing no other than skirmish duty; during this
time my loss was 2 killed and 4 wounded. August 26, about 9 p.m. we withdrew from our
position in front of Atlanta, and moved five miles to the right and bivouacked near Utoy Creek at
2 a.m. the 27th, where we remained until 6 p.m., when we again broke camp and marched five
miles. August 28, marched to the Atlanta and West Point Railroad, being about seven miles;
bivouacked here, and worked a portion of the night destroying this road. August 29, remained in
camp. August 30, broke camp at 6 a.m. and marched fifteen miles, to near Jonesborough, Ga.,
where we fortified during the night. August 31, in the morning found we were confronting the
enemy, who was about 1,200 yards from us. During the day strengthened our works. About 3
p.m. the enemy opened upon us with artillery from two different points, one enfilading our
works; under cover of his guns moved his men preparatory to an assault. About 3.30 o'clock he
charged to within 100 yards of us; there, under cover of a rise in the ground, fired upon us with
great fury. My men returned the fire. The assault lasted about an hour. From the nature of the
ground it was impossible for us to fire with effect, but found in our immediate front 5 of the
enemy killed. During the action I lost 5 men killed and 6 wounded.
September 1, remained in our works. At 4 p.m. the enemy opened with artillery upon us,
severely wounding 2 men. September 2, during the preceding night the enemy evacuated
Jonesborough; at 7 a.m. we marched in pursuit. You ordered me to deploy eight companies of
my regiment as skirmishers on the right of the wagon road leading south, which I did. We had
moved about 1,200 yards when we came upon the rear guard of the enemy, strongly posted
behind a barricade of rails. The Sixth Regiment Iowa Volunteers was deployed as skirmishers on
the left of the road. Both regiments moved rapidly forward and dislodged the enemy. He rallied
again, however, about a quarter of a mile distant, and was again driven. He then fell back about
three-quarters of a mile to a barricade in front of a wood. Being driven from this, he opened upon
us with two guns, which he had placed in the road about 200 yards from us. We here halted for a
short time to rest, then moved forward rapidly, driving the enemy before us. Came up with the
main column of his rear guard about five miles south of Jonesborough. Here the enemy opened
upon us with two guns, shelling our lines furiously. My men did not hesitate, but pressed forward
with a determination to drive him or capture the guns. His firing did not delay us a moment, but
my men were so much exhausted that they could go no farther, and we reluctantly halted for rest.
While resting we discovered the enemy about half a mile in front in force and intrenched. Here
you relieved us from further skirmishing for the day. During the afternoon we moved, with the
brigade, to our position, where we intrenched. This day my loss was 1 commissioned officer and
5 men wounded. September 3, remained in camp. Not engaged with the enemy except
skirmishing; lost 1 man, wounded. September 4, remained quiet; 1 man wounded, while in the
main works, by the enemy's sharpshooters. September 5, you ordered me to withdraw my
regiment at 8 p.m. and march to East Point, Ga.; at the hour we moved, and bivouacked at
midnight in our old works at Jonesborough without loss.
I forward with this a complete list of the casualties in my regiment since the opening of the
campaign. I will here add that on the 16th day of July Maj. R. M. Johnson was detailed, by order
of Brigadier-General Harrow, for duty at headquarters Fourth Division. I am informed that in the
battle of the 22d July, before Atlanta, he was captured by the enemy while discharging his duty.
This loss to my regiment is irreparable. He was a gallant officer.
The effective strength of my regiment now is about 350. During the many marches, the
almost incessant fighting, my men have been cheerful and contented; no murmuring was heard,
although a great portion of the time the weather was rainy. All seemed governed by one impulse.
While we had a few recruits, they were not found wanting;
they worked well. Success was what
27
they asked. All were determined that no act of theirs should prejudice the result. No men were
more willing to labor for success--none more gallant.
The commissioned officers of my regiment aided very materially in keeping up the discipline
and efficiency of the command, and in justice to valuable officers I make special mention of
Capt. Orla J. Fast, Company B, who, when a delicate movement was to be made, had charge of
the skirmishers of my regiment. I earnestly recommend that he be promoted for gallantry in the
field.
I also make special mention of Lieut. Edwin Goldsmith, my adjutant, cool and self-possessed
in time of danger, no one possesses the confidence of the men more than he does. I also
recommend him for promotion.
All the commissioned officers of my regiment have discharged their duties intelligently and
with great gallantry.
Recapitulation of casualties: Commissioned officers wounded, 2; missing, 1; enlisted men
killed and mortally wounded, 17; wounded, 58; total killed, wounded, and missing, 78.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
ALBERT HEATH,
Lieut. Col., Comdg. 100th Regiment Indiana Volunteers.
Capt. E. N. UPTON,
A. A. A. G., 2d Brig., 4th Div., 15th Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS SEVENTIETH OHIO INFANTRY,
East Point, Ga., September 9, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor to report the operations of this command from the 4th day of August,
1864, to the 3d day of September, 1864, inclusive:
On the 4th the regiment occupied a line of works in reserve to the brigade, where we
remained until the 9th, when we advanced and occupied a line in reserve to the left of the First
Iowa Battery. On the 11th four companies were sent to the front and left of the brigade line, and
regularly relieved until the 14th, when the whole regiment was advanced to that line, forming the
left of the line of the First Brigade, connecting with the right of the Second Brigade, of this
division. This position was an unfortunate one, as it was constantly exposed to the fire of the
enemy's battery on its left flank, enfilading the entire line of the regiment. The line had to be
approached through saps, and the men were compelled to dig holes in the ground in rear to
protect themselves from the effects of the enemy's shells. Notwithstanding all the precaution
possible we had 6 enlisted men killed, and 2 commissioned officers and 28 enlisted men
wounded. We remained in this position until the evening of the 26th, when we withdrew and
marched to the right on the Sandtown road. Leaving the Sandtown road, we marched toward the
Atlanta and West Point Railroad and camped in the woods on the night of the 27th. On the 28th
we marched to the railroad, and, in connection with the brigade, destroyed the railroad for three
miles and camped. On the 29th we remained in camp. On the 30th we marched to near
Jonesborough, Ga., and at night threw up works within 200 yards of the enemy's main line. On
the 31st the enemy made a reconnaissance in force, and approached in view of the right of our
line, but were easily repulsed.
We remained in this position until September 2, when we were ordered to pursue the enemy,
and marched six miles south of Jonesborough, Ga., and fortified a position in front and right of
our brigade, in full view of the rebel lines. On the 3d we received the welcome news that Atlanta
was ours.
All the officers and men acquitted themselves to my entire
satisfaction.
28
Our losses since the 26th of August are 1 commissioned officer killed, 1 commissioned
officer and 3 enlisted men wounded.
I cannot close this report without adverting to the great loss the regiment has sustained in the
death of its adjutant, First Lieut. Andrew Urban. He was killed on the 3d instant, while
communicating the glorious news of the evacuation of Atlanta by the enemy and its occupation
by our forces. He was shot by a sharpshooter, a minie-ball passing through his chest. He
exclaimed, "Oh! boys, I am killed," and instantly expired. Thus fell the model adjutant, the brave
and faithful soldier, and generous friend. The regiment mourns his loss.
A list of casualties is herewith submitted.
I am, captain, respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. L. PHILIPS,
Captain, Seventieth Ohio Veteran Volunteers.
Capt. JOHN CAMPBELL,
A. A. A. G., 1st Brig., 4th Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
In the Field, near Acworth, Ga., June 7, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor of making the following report of the operations of the Second Brigade
from the 1st of May to the 15th of May, inclusive:
The brigade, consisting of the Forty-sixth Ohio, Major Giesy commanding, and the One
hundred and third Illinois, Maj. A. Willison commanding, left Scottsborough, Ala., with the
division, on the morning of the 1st of May, arriving at Chattanooga and camping on Chattanooga
Creek on the evening of the 5th, via Stevenson and Bridgeport, Ala. At this camp orders were
issued for storing tents and surplus baggage in Chattanooga, and directing surplus transportation
to report to Lieut. Col. J. Condit Smith. The Sixth Iowa, Lieutenant-Colonel Miller commanding,
arriving from the North, reported to me at 6 p.m. On the morning of the 6th the command was
again put in motion. Before starting the Ninety-seventh Indiana, Colonel Catterson, reported, and
have since formed a part of my command. On the night of the 6th we camped at Crawfish
Springs; at ---- Church on the 7th; Villanow on the 8th, arriving at Sugar Valley on the 9th,
where we remained in camp until the 11th. May 12, we took position behind log-works, built the
day previous by Colonel Catterson and Major Giesy, about one mile to our left front. On the 13th
we moved to the front on the Resaca road, in the rear of the First Brigade and the two batteries of
Griffiths and Burton. In the formation of the line of battle in the front of Resaca, my brigade was
placed in reserve. When the line advanced, I was ordered to support the First Brigade, Colonel
Williams, who was in the front and on the left of General Osterhaus. In this advance Major
Willison, One hundred and third Illinois, received a severe wound from a shell, the same shell
killing his horse. Colonel Dickerman, just returned from leave of absence, took command of his
regiment soon after. At 4.30 p.m. Colonel Williams, having been hotly engaged for two hours,
reported himself out of ammunition, and I was ordered to relieve him. I put my brigade in
position on the crest of the ridge, running parallel to the enemy's works, Colonel Williams
retiring upon the advance of my skirmishers. Upon examination I found the enemy in force and
occupying a very formidable position distant from my line about 300 yards. A strong line of
works on the crest of their hill with at least six pieces of artillery, with two lines of rifle-pits on
the slope, an open valley, divided by a deep, narrow stream of water between us, made it
impracticable to assault the position of the enemy. The enemy used but one gun on this day,
which was withdrawn before dark. The skirmishers kept up a brisk fire and advanced as far as
practicable, keeping the enemy inside his works. The morning of the 14th the skirmishers were
again pushed forward, and they advanced very gallantly
under a heavy fire that they might take
29
advantage of the protection the banks of the stream would afford, and bring them into closer
proximity to the enemy to better harass him and prevent his troublesome fire upon our lines. The
right of the skirmish line, composed of two companies of the Sixth Iowa, secured an admirable
position on a commanding knob to the right and front, giving them almost complete control of
the enemy's guns. Much credit is due Major Ennis, Sixth Iowa, for the manner in which he
handled his skirmishers. Nothing more than heavy skirmishing was kept up during the day,
punishing the enemy severely and with comparatively small loss to ourselves. After night-fall the
skirmishers again advanced and intrenched themselves, and the next day's work was looked
forward to with great interest. At 3 a.m., the 15th, I received orders to move, with my brigade, to
the support of General Osterhaus, leaving my skirmishers on the old line. The One hundred and
third Illinois and Sixth Iowa were placed near General Osterhaus' headquarters; the Ninetyseventh
Indiana to the rear of De Gress' battery, and the Forty-sixth [Ohio] near our old line.
During the night the enemy evacuated his position, thus ending our operations before Resaca.
There had been no brilliant general engagement; nothing done to put the test to the men, but in
all my campaigns I never saw men in such excellent condition or exhibit a greater eagerness to
do anything required of them.
Much credit is due the regimental commanders, Colonels Dickerman, Catterson, and Miller,
and Major Giesy, for the promptness in obeying all demands and the good example set to their
men. Lieut. E. Bickett, Forty-sixth Ohio, was severely wounded, while leading his skirmishers to
the front, on the 14th.
The members of my staff, Captain Upton, Lieutenants Grimes, Johnson, and Parsons, deserve
much credit for their efficient assistance rendered during this campaign.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
CHAS. C. WALCUTT,
Brigadier-General of Volunteers.
Lieut. A.M. VAN DYKE,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 4th Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
In the Field, near Acworth, Ga., June 7, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor of making the following report of the operations of the Second Brigade
from the 1st of May to the 15th of May, inclusive:
The brigade, consisting of the Forty-sixth Ohio, Major Giesy commanding, and the One
hundred and third Illinois, Maj. A. Willison commanding, left Scottsborough, Ala., with the
division, on the morning of the 1st of May, arriving at Chattanooga and camping on Chattanooga
Creek on the evening of the 5th, via Stevenson and Bridgeport, Ala. At this camp orders were
issued for storing tents and surplus baggage in Chattanooga, and directing surplus transportation
to report to Lieut. Col. J. Condit Smith. The Sixth Iowa, Lieutenant-Colonel Miller commanding,
arriving from the North, reported to me at 6 p.m. On the morning of the 6th the command was
again put in motion. Before starting the Ninety-seventh Indiana, Colonel Catterson, reported, and
have since formed a part of my command. On the night of the 6th we camped at Crawfish
Springs; at ---- Church on the 7th; Villanow on the 8th, arriving at Sugar Valley on the 9th,
where we remained in camp until the 11th. May 12, we took position behind log-works, built the
day previous by Colonel Catterson and Major Giesy, about one mile to our left front. On the 13th
we moved to the front on the Resaca road, in the rear of the First Brigade and the two batteries of
Griffiths and Burton. In the formation of the line of battle in the front of Resaca, my brigade was
placed in reserve. When the line advanced, I was ordered to support the First Brigade, Colonel
Williams, who was in the front and on the left of General
Osterhaus. In this advance Major
30
Willison, One hundred and third Illinois, received a severe wound from a shell, the same shell
killing his horse. Colonel Dickerman, just returned from leave of absence, took command of his
regiment soon after. At 4.30 p.m. Colonel Williams, having been hotly engaged for two hours,
reported himself out of ammunition, and I was ordered to relieve him. I put my brigade in
position on the crest of the ridge, running parallel to the enemy's works, Colonel Williams
retiring upon the advance of my skirmishers. Upon examination I found the enemy in force and
occupying a very formidable position distant from my line about 300 yards. A strong line of
works on the crest of their hill with at least six pieces of artillery, with two lines of rifle-pits on
the slope, an open valley, divided by a deep, narrow stream of water between us, made it
impracticable to assault the position of the enemy. The enemy used but one gun on this day,
which was withdrawn before dark. The skirmishers kept up a brisk fire and advanced as far as
practicable, keeping the enemy inside his works. The morning of the 14th the skirmishers were
again pushed forward, and they advanced very gallantly under a heavy fire that they might take
advantage of the protection the banks of the stream would afford, and bring them into closer
proximity to the enemy to better harass him and prevent his troublesome fire upon our lines. The
right of the skirmish line, composed of two companies of the Sixth Iowa, secured an admirable
position on a commanding knob to the right and front, giving them almost complete control of
the enemy's guns. Much credit is due Major Ennis, Sixth Iowa, for the manner in which he
handled his skirmishers. Nothing more than heavy skirmishing was kept up during the day,
punishing the enemy severely and with comparatively small loss to ourselves. After night-fall the
skirmishers again advanced and intrenched themselves, and the next day's work was looked
forward to with great interest. At 3 a.m., the 15th, I received orders to move, with my brigade, to
the support of General Osterhaus, leaving my skirmishers on the old line. The One hundred and
third Illinois and Sixth Iowa were placed near General Osterhaus' headquarters; the Ninetyseventh
Indiana to the rear of De Gress' battery, and the Forty-sixth [Ohio] near our old line.
During the night the enemy evacuated his position, thus ending our operations before Resaca.
There had been no brilliant general engagement; nothing done to put the test to the men, but in
all my campaigns I never saw men in such excellent condition or exhibit a greater eagerness to
do anything required of them.
Much credit is due the regimental commanders, Colonels Dickerman, Catterson, and Miller,
and Major Giesy, for the promptness in obeying all demands and the good example set to their
men. Lieut. E. Bickett, Forty-sixth Ohio, was severely wounded, while leading his skirmishers to
the front, on the 14th.
The members of my staff, Captain Upton, Lieutenants Grimes, Johnson, and Parsons, deserve
much credit for their efficient assistance rendered during this campaign.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
CHAS. C. WALCUTT,
Brigadier-General of Volunteers.
Lieut. A.M. VAN DYKE,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., 4th Div., 15th Army Corps.
BATTLE OF MAY 27.
My brigade, consisting of the Forty-sixth Ohio, Major Giesy; One hundred and third Illinois,
Colonel Dickerman; Ninety-seventh Indiana, Colonel Catterson; and Sixth Iowa, Lieutenant-
Colonel Miller (the Forty-sixth Ohio and Sixth Iowa, reserves, reported to General Harrow early
in the morning), was directed to occupy a crest in our front, keeping connection with Colonel
Oliver's brigade on my left. In the movement my command changed to the left front, occupying a
ridge running with the Villa Rica road. The Sixth Iowa was
ordered up and placed on the right.
31
Skirmishers, under command of Captain Wills, One hundred and third Illinois, were advanced
and soon became engaged with those of the enemy, driving them, and by the daring of Captain
Smith, One hundred and third Illinois, and one of his men, captured 22 prisoners. The men were
put to work constructing rifle-pits. The enemy's main line of works was not distant from my right
more than 500 yards, with four guns in position to command the road I occupied, making my
position a difficult one. Colonel Williams' brigade was placed on my right, his line forming an
acute angle with mine. At 1 p.m. the enemy commenced a terrific shelling. He seemed to have
control of the road, but fortunately did me no harm whatever. As soon as the shelling ceased, the
enemy, who had formed his lines during the shelling, made a vigorous assault on my line. Owing
to the location of the ground and the suddenness of the attack, it became necessary to advance
the Sixth Iowa, which they did most gallantly, meeting the enemy with bayonets fixed. The fight
soon became general along my front. The men reserved their fire handsomely until the enemy's
line reached the base of the hill, when they opened, scattering and driving the enemy with great
loss. In advancing the Sixth Iowa, and before the First Brigade could conform to the movement,
part of the attacking column, Eighth Mississippi, struck the right of the Sixth Iowa, which was
promptly met by Lieutenant-Colonel Miller swinging back his three right companies. These
companies repulsed the Eighth Mississippi and secured their dead and wounded, with some
prisoners. The officers and men all did well in this engagement. My loss was comparatively
small, while that of the enemy must have been great. This fight was confined exclusively to the
Second Brigade. During the afternoon De Gress' battery Was placed on the high hill occupied by
the Ninety-seventh Indiana, and the works strengthened along the line.
BATTLE OF DALLAS, MAY 28.
Brisk skirmishing opened with the day. Lieut. Newby Chase, adjutant Sixth Iowa, fell
mortally wounded early in the morning and has since died. He was a very gallant and efficient
officer. About 3 a.m. I increased my skirmish line, and placed it in charge of Captain Kelly, One
hundred and third Illinois. The Forty-sixth Ohio, who had been operating during the preceding
day and night with the Third Brigade, reported and were placed on the left. The enemy showed
himself very active during the entire day. At 4 p.m., as I had been previously notified, our
batteries opened upon the enemy and met with a prompt reply. Quicker than thought, almost, the
enemy attacked us in force, and with the greatest vigor and determination. The skirmishers on
the roads were quickly driven in. Three lines of the enemy could be distinctly seen rapidly
advancing, but they were soon checked by a determined line. Every man was at his post, and
remained there during the engagement. The fire was reserved until the enemy could be distinctly
seen. On the right bayonets were fixed to receive the column that was advancing with such
numbers and impetuosity that it seemed they must break through my weak line. The attack soon
became general, the enemy making repeated attempts to carry my position, but were finally
repulsed, after severe fighting of one hour and twenty minutes, my men following the retreating
enemy with terrific volleys of musketry, The result shows how gallantly my brigade did its duty
at the battle of Dallas; 244 dead and wounded rebels were found in my front. This battle, severe
as it was upon the enemy, cost the country the lives and services of many valuable officers and
men. Colonel Dickerman, One hundred and third Illinois, and Major Giesy, Forty-sixth Ohio, fell
mortally wounded, and have since died. They were both brave and efficient officers, and
received their wounds during the heat of the engagement, while at the front encouraging their
men. Lieutenant-Colonel Miller, Sixth Iowa, was severely wounded in the gallant discharge of
his duty.
We remained on the Villa Rica road until the morning of June 1, when, with the division, we
moved to the left, and relieved the Second and Third Brigades, of General Geary's division,
Twentieth Corps, near New Hope Church. The line here was
within 100 yards of the enemy's
32
advanced works. With considerable difficulty I advanced the works about twenty yards to the
front and occupied the crest, securing 11 dead bodies belonging to the command we relieved,
killed in a previous engagement. On the night of the 5th of June the enemy evacuated his
position. My skirmishers followed them in the morning, capturing a picket post of a lieutenant
and 12 men. The Fortieth Illinois, Lieutenant-Colonel Barnhill, just returned from veteran
furlough, reported June 5. June 6, we again moved to the left, passing through Acworth, and
went into position two miles south, to the right of the Marietta road. June 9, by order of
Brigadier-General Harrow, I accompanied General Garrard, with his cavalry, on a
reconnaissance to Big Shanty. We returned to the division about 7 p.m. June 12, moved again to
Big Shanty, with the division, and were placed in reserve.
THE CHARGE OF JUNE 15.
June 15, I received orders to move, with the division, to the left to assist in making a
diversion in favor of the Army of the Cumberland. Arriving at the point indicated, on the left of
the Seventeenth Corps, I put my command in position, by direction of General Harrow, with
orders to take a ridge on the south side of Noonday Creek, occupied by the enemy. The line was
formed, One hundred and third Illinois on the right, Fortieth Illinois on the left, Sixth Iowa on the
right center, and the Forty-sixth Ohio on the left center, with the Ninety-seventh Indiana
deployed as skirmishers. The advance was sounded about 1 p.m., and though the men had to pass
through a thick undergrowth and wade the creek, which was deep, with very steep banks, and
under a terrific fire from the enemy, the line, supported by Colonel Oliver's brigade, advanced
handsomely, taking the position sought for and capturing about 400 prisoners, including a
colonel, 8 captains, and 11 lieutenants. The skirmishers were handled magnificently by Colonel
Catterson, who deserves the greatest credit for his gallantry. Lieutenant Grimes, acting adjutant
of the Sixth Iowa, was killed. He was a noble soldier. My loss in this charge was 63 killed and
wounded. The brigade remained in position until 10 p.m., when it was returned to the rear of the
main line. June 25, moved to the right, with the division, and relieved Colonel Mitchell's brigade,
of General Davis' division, near the base of Kenesaw Mountain.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIG., FOURTH DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
East Point, Ga., September 10, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor of reporting the operations of the brigade from August 10, to include
the present date:
We remained in our position in the trenches in front of Atlanta until 10 p.m., August 26,
when, according to orders, the brigade was withdrawn from the line. My command, being on the
left of the corps, was the last to be withdrawn. Notwithstanding the intense darkness of the night,
and the severe shelling of the enemy, the withdrawal was accomplished successfully and
promptly, and without any casualties whatever. We moved to the right and camped near Judge
Wilson's, arriving there about 2 a.m. August 27. My skirmishers, One hundred and third Illinois,
Captain Post, arrived in camp about 3 a.m. August 27, I was ordered to remain behind and guard
the trains of the Army of the Tennessee. I put my brigade in position on an admirable line for
defense, facing northeast, connecting on the right with the skirmishers of the Twenty-third
Corps. A few of the enemy's cavalry fired a few shots on our vedette post on the road we came in
on, being the only demonstration made on that day. At 5 p.m. the last of the train having got
started, I moved, reaching camp near Camp Creek, on the Campbellton road, about 1 a.m.
August 28. August 28, I was relieved by a brigade from the Sixteenth Corps, and rejoined the
division, moving with it to near Fairburn, on the Montgomery railroad. During the night my
brigade assisted in the destruction of the railroad. August 30, the command moved easterly,
crossed Flint River, and went into position on the right
of the division, about half a mile from
33
Jonesborough, and intrenched. August 31, the enemy made an assault about 3 p.m., but were
handsomely repulsed. General Lewis' Kentucky (rebel) brigade came up in my front, and were
severely punished, capturing Colonel Moss, Major McDowell, a captain, and 2 lieutenants,
Second Kentucky (rebel), and 25 enlisted men from different commands.
September 1, orders were received to advance the skirmish line, which was gallantly done by
the Forty-sixth Ohio. They found the enemy in force and strongly intrenched, with a battery that
had not been before discovered. Finding they could accomplish nothing more, they retired,
occupying the enemy's skirmish pits. Demonstrations were kept up during the day to attract the
enemy's attention, while the Army of the Cumberland was advancing. September 2, during the
night the enemy evacuated his position, and orders were received to follow. The Second Brigade
had the advance of the corps, and moved south on the main road to Lovejoy's. About half a mile
south of Jonesborough we struck the enemy's cavalry. The Sixth Iowa, Lieutenant-Colonel
Miller, and the One hundredth Indiana, Lieutenant-Colonel Heath, were deployed as skirmishers,
and then commenced a brisk running fight for the next four miles, driving the enemy so fast that
they had not time to take advantage of the rail-works previously constructed, when a line of
infantry with two pieces of artillery were found about half a mile from Cedar Bluffs. The two
regiments were so much exhausted that I deployed two fresh regiments, the Forty-sixth Ohio,
Major Alexander, and One hundred and third Illinois. Captain Post, who at once, with the
greatest determination, charged the rebel infantry, which, I have since learned, consisted of an
entire South Carolina brigade, and drove them on the hill and beyond their rifle-pits into their
main works, which were found very strong and full of men. We captured about 40 prisoners and
killed and wounded a great many. The fighting was brisk and gallantly done, and I claim for my
men the taking of the hill, and that they were at all times in the lead of the entire advancing line.
Lieutenant Mellen and Lieutenant Roberts, Forty-sixth Ohio, both very excellent officers, were
killed in this advance. Captain Post, One hundred and third Illinois, received a severe wound
while gallantly leading his regiment. Lieutenant Moore, One hundredth Indiana, had a leg shot
off by a cannon-ball. In the evening the enemy made a determined but very futile attempt to
drive my line. The men held their ground manfully, though opposed by vastly superior numbers.
My entire brigade afterward went into position on the bluff and intrenched. September 5, orders
were received to withdraw the command, which was commenced about 9 p.m. The night was
very dark, and the mud was very deep from the hard rains during the day, making the movement
of men very difficult, but the withdrawal was very successfully done. We arrived in our old
position at Jonesborough at 2 a.m. September 6. September 7, again withdrew my command,
crossed Flint River, moved north and camped for the night at Morrow's Mill. September 8,
moved from Morrow's Mill to my present position at East Point.
Recapitulation of operations of the Second Brigade: Resaca, May 13, 14, and 15. Dallas,
May 27 and 28; capturing 50 prisoners. At New Hope Church we had constant heavy
skirmishing for five days; advanced the line with much difficulty; securing the dead bodies of 11
men of General Geary's division left on the field, and capturing a lieutenant and 12 men.
June 15, we assaulted the enemy's position on the left; took their line, and captured about 400
prisoners, including a colonel and 21 other officers. On the 27th of June the brigade was detailed
to take part, with the Second Division, in the assault on the right of Little Kenesaw Mountain. In
this assault all behaved very gallantly, suffering severely, and only failed because it was
impossible to win. The Forty-sixth Ohio captured 50 [prisoners] on this day. In the battles of the
22d and 28th of July, before Atlanta, the brigade performed a conspicuous part, and behaved
with the greatest gallantry, capturing 100 prisoners in the two engagements. The charge of the
Sixth Iowa, Major Ennis, and the Fortieth Illinois, Captain Galvin, on the right of the corps on
the 28th, was equal in brilliancy to anything that has
occurred during the war. The Forty-sixth
34
Ohio, One hundred and third Illinois, and Ninety-seventh Indiana performed a no less important
part on the left.
August 3, the Forty-sixth Ohio made two separate charges on the enemy's skirmish line; the
second charge proved very successful, punishing the enemy severely, and capturing about 70 of
his men. August 31, at Jonesborough, all did well, killing and wounding many of the enemy, and
capturing 5 officers, and 25 men.
September 2, the brigade, especially the One hundred and third Illinois, and Forty-sixth Ohio,
Sixth Iowa, and the One hundredth Indiana, in the advance, in pursuit of Hardee, did splendidly,
capturing 40 prisoners, and punishing the enemy severely in killed and wounded.
In all, we have captured over 700 officers and men, 500 stand of arms, and 1 set of colors.
The brigade has suffered terribly in both officers and men, which shows plainly the hard work
they have done. My brigade has been successful in every undertaking, except on the 27th of
June. Colonel Dickerman, One hundred and third Illinois; Lieutenant-Colonel Barnhill, Fortieth
Illinois: Major Giesy, Forty-sixth Ohio; Major Ennis, Sixth Iowa, and Major Heath, Forty-sixth
Ohio, all of whom were the very best of officers, were killed while leading their regiments.
Lieutenant-Colonel Wright, Major Willison, and Captain Post, One hundred and third Illinois;
Lieutenant-Colonel Miller, Sixth Iowa, and Major Hall, Fortieth Illinois, were each severely
wounded while in command of their respective regiments, making in all 10 field officers killed
and wounded while engaged in battle. The officers of the line have also suffered severely. But
with all this, they have never hesitated to perform any duty assigned them. All deserve the
highest praise for the cheerfulness with which they have performed their part in this arduous
campaign. The Twenty-sixth Illinois, and the One hundredth Indiana have but recently been
assigned to my command, and I can but speak of them in the highest terms, for their bravery and
endurance.
I would be doing injustice to brave and faithful officers did I close this report without calling
the attention of the general commanding to my staff--Captain Upton, Captain Watson,
Lieutenants Johnson, Davidson, Collis, and Parsons, all have done their duty nobly, never
hesitating to go where danger was thickest.
CHAS. C. WALCUTT,
Brigadier-General of Volunteers.
Capt. I. J. BLOOMFIELD,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Fourth Div., 15th Army Corps.
HDQRS. SIXTH IOWA VETERAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY,
In the Field, near Acworth, Ga., June 6, 1864.
CAPTAIN: In obedience to orders from brigade headquarters I have the honor to make the
following report:
The regiment left Davenport, Iowa, on April 28 on its return from veteran furlough, and
reached Chattanooga, Tenn., May 5, 1864. On reporting to Major-General Logan it was
ascertained that the brigade and division to which this regiment belonged was already on the
march, and would probably camp that night at Rossville, at the same time giving Lieut. Col. A. J.
Miller, then in command of the regiment, verbal orders to proceed immediately and join the
command, which was done the same evening, reporting to Col. C. C. Walcutt, commanding
Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army Corps. The regiment, moving with and
forming a portion of the Second Brigade, by continuous marches arrived at a point near Resaca
on the 13th of May, where a line of battle was formed at 5 o'clock of the same day. This
regiment, forming the right of the brigade, was moved forward to a position held by the One
hundredth Indiana Volunteers on the crest of a small hill.
Companies I and F were then thrown
35
forward as skirmishers, taking the spur of a hill in our front, about 100 yards from the enemy's
works, at the same time connecting on the right with the left of General Osterhaus. It was thus
matters stood on the night of the 13th.
On the morning of the 14th Companies H and F drove the enemy's skirmishers into their
main line of works, which had been much strengthened during the night, and prevented the
enemy from opening his artillery in our front. The battery was in plain sight. The range was not
to exceed 150 yards in a straight line, and they did fine execution, as could be seen from our high
position and the number of men being carried on litters. At 2 p.m. I was ordered by Lieutenant-
Colonel Miller, commanding regiment, to re-enforce the skirmish line with Companies K, G, and
B, and move forward. At the signal given the line moved gallantly forward, Companies K and B
through an open field, under a heavy fire of the enemy, taking a ravine running directly along the
foot of the hill on which the enemy were posted. This ravine, although muddy and in some
places very deep, furnished protection to the men where they could command the enemy's works
without exposing themselves.
On the evening of the 14th intrenching tools were furnished, and on the morning of the 15th
the skirmish line, composed of Companies G, E, C, F, and D of this regiment, were well fortified
on the banks of the ravine heretofore mentioned. The balance of the regiment was moved during
the night, with the Second Brigade, by the right flank in support of General Osterhaus. The
companies on the skirmish line were ordered to remain with them until relieved, and then join
the command. On the 15th, at 9 o'clock, I received orders to relieve the skirmishers of the Sixth
Iowa, if it was safe, and join the command. Deeming it safe to relieve Company G, it was
relieved on the night of the 15th, and joined the command.
To the officers of this regiment I am grateful for their hearty support and prompt cooperation
in every movement. The men, with two or three exceptions, behaved with usual
gallantry, and although many were shoeless, from the fact of not having shoes to fit them, bore it
without a murmur.
Herewith attached I have the honor to forward report of casualties from May 5 to 15th,
inclusive.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
THOS. J. ENNIS,
Major, Commanding.
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH IOWA INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS,
East Point, Ga., September 7, 1864.
CAPTAIN: In obedience to orders, I have the honor to make the following report of the part
taken by my regiment in the recent campaign:
My command rejoined the corps and division, from veteran furlough, at Chattanooga, Tenn.,
on the 5th day of May. Nothing of special interest occurred during our march through Snake
Creek Gap nor until we arrived at Resaca, Ga., where the enemy confronted us in position on the
13th day of May, 1864. My command was here employed principally in skirmishing. Capt.
George W. Holmes, Company K, deserves special mention for the gallant manner in which he
here moved his command across an open field, in face of the enemy. On the night of the 15th the
enemy evacuated his position, and my regiment, together with the entire army corps, moved
rapidly through, and to the right of, the town of Dallas, Ga., and on the morning of the 27th
occupied, with the brigade, a narrow crest of a ridge in full view of the enemy's works. Before
rifle-pits could be completed he commenced a vigorous cannonading, and followed by a terrific
attack of infantry. The enemy was brilliantly repulsed, and left his dead and wounded upon the
field in large numbers. On the 28th of May he again
charged our works; to be again discomfited
36
and repulsed. In this second attack I was myself wounded, and the command devolved upon Maj.
Thomas J. Ennis.
On the 1st day of June the command was moved to the right, and took position at New Hope
Church previously occupied by the Twentieth Army Corps. Here it remained four days,
advancing upon the enemy by gradual approaches, when, on the night of June 3, the enemy
suddenly retreated to Kenesaw Mountain. On the 15th day of June the entire division, the Second
Brigade in advance, charged and carried the rifle-pits on the left of the mountain, capturing a
large number of prisoners. On the 27th day of June the command joined in a vigorous but
unsuccessful assault upon the enemy's works upon Little Kenesaw Mountain.
On the 4th day of July, the enemy having evacuated the mountain, the command marched to
a point on the Chattahoochee River, ten miles to the left of Marietta, where we remained,
skirmishing with the enemy's pickets, and on the 13th day of July marched through Marietta, and
on the 14th crossed the river at Roswell Factory. On the 22d day of July, at 1 p.m., the enemy
fiercely engaged our rear. After four hours of severe fighting, during which time we occupied
every side of parallel and perpendicular works, the enemy was driven from our front, rear, and
left in utter and complete confusion. The regiment bivouacked the night of the 27th in the rear of
the Sixteenth Corps, and on the morning of the 28th marched, with the brigade, a distance of one
mile and a half to the right, when the brigade was placed in reserve a few rods in rear of the main
line, partially protected from the enemy's shell by a ridge in front. Here the command remained,
without loss, until about 11 a.m., when a terrific and persistent attack was made upon the main
line. Half an hour later the regiment, followed by the Fortieth Illinois Infantry, and conducted by
the corps commander in person, moved by the double-quick step to the right of the Second
Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, where the enemy had gained the crest of a ridge on the
prolongation of our main line of battle. The regiment had marched by the flank, and as the
command came to a front a terrific volley was poured into our ranks. The gallant Thomas J.
Ennis, major commanding, fell from his horse mortally wounded, and the command of the
battalion here devolved upon Capt. William H. Clune. After a short but severe struggle, during
which the combatants were less than thirty yards apart, the enemy gave way, and were pursued
some distance beyond the crest of the ridge. The command was then ordered back, and hastily
constructed a slight barricade upon the crest, connecting upon the left with Fortieth Illinois
Infantry, and being upon the extreme right. Three companies were then deployed to protect that
flank. The command remained in this position until 4 p.m., during which time four distinct
assaults were made, rather feeble than vigorous. Each was easily repulsed. About 2 p.m. a
regiment of the Seventeenth Army Corps came up and took position on the right. At 4 p.m. my
command was ordered back to the brigade; was ordered soon again to the right to establish a
skirmish line on the flank. My command was soon relieved and resumed the position occupied in
the morning, which completed the movements for the day.
The command remained here until the 3d day of August, when the regiment moved up to the
front line, where it remained, frequently skirmishing with the enemy, until the night of the 26th
of the same month, when the corps evacuated the line under a vigorous cannonading, and
marched to the right a distance of five miles, to the plantation of Judge Wilson, where it
remained until the afternoon of the 27th August. On the evening of August 28, we reached the
Montgomery railroad, and were employed during the night in destroying the track. On the
morning of 30th the corps moved southward, constantly skirmishing, and crossed Flint River in
the afternoon and threw up rifle-pits in front of Jonesborough during the night. About 4 p.m. on
the 31st the enemy advanced upon our works, but was easily repulsed.
During the night of September 1 the enemy evacuated our front, and at 7 a.m. of the 2d the
corps commenced the pursuit, the Second Brigade of Fourth
Division in advance. My regiment
37
was deployed as skirmishers immediately south of the village, and advanced rapidly in a
southeasterly direction, parallel with the Macon and Georgia Railroad. About 8 a.m. we came up
with the rear guard of the enemy, composed of cavalry and two pieces of flying artillery. For
four hours a brisk skirmish continued, the enemy retiring before a well-directed fire. At 12 m. I
was relieved, and my command rejoined the brigade. At 4 p.m. the brigade advanced in line of
battle, a distance of nearly two miles, to the crest of a ridge within easy range of the enemy's
works. On the 4th day of September I received a copy of the commanding general's order,
announcing the fall of Atlanta, and on the evening of the 5th returned, with the division, to
Jonesborough, pardonably proud that my command had contributed in some small degree to the
glorious result of the campaign.
Of the conduct of my officers and men it is unnecessary to speak. They belong to, and they
have never disgraced, the Army of the Tennessee. Maj. Thomas J. Ennis was killed July 28.
Noble, gallant and chivalric, his familiar and clarion "onward" rang out above the din of battle at
the fatal moment of his fall. Adjt. Newby Chase was killed May 28. A true soldier; he gave his
life freely for an adopted country. Capt. Thomas J. Elrick, Lieutenants Grimes, Baldwin, Clark,
and Haynes bravely contributed their all to the service of their country.
I can pay no higher compliment to the living than to say they have performed their duties.
One-half my command has been killed and wounded--none taken prisoners. They have
cheerfully endured the hardships of the campaign, confident that the commanding general would
lead them to victory and honor.
I must express my thanks to Asst. Surg. William S. Lambert. He was ever at the front, and
untiring in his exertions to relieve the sick and wounded.
Lieutenant Barker, Company A, was severely wounded at Dallas and returned too soon to
mingle in all engagements subsequent to July 25.
To Lieut. E. G. Fracker I am greatly indebted. He performed the duties of adjutant, and was
never absent from the field of battle.
I should also mention that Capt. William H. Clune assumed command of the regiment June
29, owing to the illness of Major Ennis, retaining the same until July 14, and again, upon the fall
of that officer, till my return, August 4.
The division commissary, Captain Cornyn, and the division quartermaster, Captain Morlan,
have furnished full supplies of rations and clothing during the campaign.
My command is now encamped at East Point, hoping to form a part of the grand army
destined to bear our banner triumphantly southward.
I append a list of casualties for the campaign.
I have the honor to be, sir, with great respect, your obedient servant,
A. J. MILLER,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Sixth Iowa Infantry.
Capt. E. N. UPTON,
Actg. Asst. Adjt. Gen., Second Brig., Fourth Div.
HDQRS. FORTY-SIXTH OHIO VETERAN VOL. INFTY.,
Camp in the Field, near Acworth, Ga., June 7, 1864.
CAPTAIN: In compliance with orders received from brigade headquarters, I make the
following report:
On the 30th of April we received General Orders, No. 27, from division headquarters, to
have the command ready to move on the morning of May 1, 1864, on the road toward
Chattanooga. In pursuance of the above orders the regiment took up their line of march, with the
rest of the division, at 7 a.m. Upon starting a detachment
of eighty men of the. Sixth Iowa
38
Infantry, in charge of a commissioned officer, were directed to report to major commanding the
regiment, by order of Col. C. C. Walcutt, commanding Second Brigade.
The regiment reached Chattanooga on the afternoon of May 5, camping three miles south on
the Rossville road. There, in compliance with General Orders, No. 7, brigade headquarters, dated
May 5, 1864, the regiment placed in store, at Chattanooga, all camp and garrison equipage,
surplus quartermaster stores, and baggage, retaining three teams to the regiment. The Sixth Iowa
Infantry having rejoined the brigade, the detachment of eighty men in our charge were ordered to
report to their regiment. At 11 a.m. again took up our line of march, camping at 7 o'clock the
following morning. Owing to regiment being guard for division train, we did not encamp until 2
o'clock the following morning, near Taylor's Gap, Ga. Resumed our march at 9 a.m., and
encamped at 4 p.m. at Villa-now, Ga. The succeeding day, May 9, marched out eight [miles],
through Snake Creek Gap, where the division encamped. The regiment was placed on picket on
the Calhoun road, where it remained until the morning of May 11, where we rejoined our brigade
and were formed in line of battle on its left. About 1 p.m. the regiment was ordered forward to
another hill to erect breast-works. May 12, completed the works, when the rest of the brigade
moved up, and we were formed in line of battle behind the works on the right of the brigade.
May 13, at 7 o'clock the regiment, with the rest of the division, marched out of the works on the
Resaca road, and met the enemy about three miles from Resaca, formed in line of battle on the
left of our brigade, and advanced, with the brigade, in line in the rear of the First Brigade, about
1,000 [yards], through the thick woods, into an open field. Here, while the regiment was crossing
a creek, the Ninety-seventh Indiana Infantry Volunteers, of the Second Brigade, was brought on
the left of the regiment to prevent being flanked by the enemy, and the regiment took their place
in line, thus making the Forty-sixth Regiment the next to the left and the Ninety-seventh Indiana
the left regiment of the brigade. We then advanced across the field and into the woods; the First
Brigade being out of ammunition were relieved by the Second Brigade, the Forty-sixth relieving
the Twelfth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. Two companies were placed on the skirmish line in the
edge of the woods opposite an open field, the regiment being in line forty yards in the rear of the
skirmishers. In this position the regiment remained all night. Casualties during the day were 4
men wounded. The succeeding day, May 14, the regiment remained in the same position, with a
heavy skirmish line in its front. Casualties, 1 man killed, 1 lieutenant and 5 men wounded. At 3
o'clock the morning of the 15th the regiment was removed, and, with the brigade, moved about
half a mile to the right to support a position of the First Division, Fifteenth Army Corps. About 9
o'clock we were moved back again to nearly our former position in the line. At 11 a.m. the
regiment was relieved by the Tenth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, and joined the brigade half a
mile in the rear on the right of the First Division, Fifteenth Army Corps. Loss this day, 2 men
wounded.
During the night the enemy evacuated their works, and the afternoon of May 16 the regiment
took up its line of march, with the division, in pursuit.
The loss in the regiment during the three days' engagement at Resaca, Ga., 1 man killed, 1
lieutenant and 11 men wounded, so as to unfit them for duty; some others were so slightly
wounded that they did not leave the field.
Very respectfully,
J. W. HEATH,
Captain, Commanding Regiment.
HDQRS. FORTY-EIGHTH ILLINOIS INFTY. VET. VOLS.,
Before Atlanta, Ga., August 8, 1864.
39
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the operations of the Fortyeighth
Illinois Infantry since May 6, 1864, to include August 3, 1864:
On the 6th of May the Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry marched from White's Station to
Crawfish Springs; distance marched, twenty-seven miles. On 7th, at 8 a.m. the Forty-eighth
Illinois Infantry rejoined the Third Brigade, and marched, in rear of the brigade and center of the
division, until late at night, when we were ordered by Captain Philips to a commodious position
in the forest for a bivouac. The 8th we marched to Snake [Creek] Gap, where we rested until the
morning of the 11th, when we were ordered to the front and to the right one mile. On the 12th we
moved to the right, one mile in rear of General Osterhaus' division. Here, three companies of the
Forty-eighth were detailed and sent out on the skirmish lines. On the morning of the 13th we
resumed the march at an early hour. Marched to Resaca, or in the vicinity thereof, when the
regiment was formed in double column at half distance. We were then used as support for the
First Brigade during the first advance. At 4 p.m. we relieved the First Brigade, and took up our
position in rear of the Forty-sixth Ohio Veteran Volunteers. On the evening of the 14th the
Forty-eighth relieved the Forty-sixth Ohio Veteran Volunteers, and took our position on the front
line, where we remained until the morning of the 16th, when we discovered that the enemy had
evacuated his works in our front. After making this discovery we immediately received orders to
prepare to march. We resumed the march at 12 m.; marched a little west of south to the bridge on
the Oostenaula River, which stream we crossed at? p.m. Bivouacked one mile south of the river.
On the 17th we resumed the march at an early hour. Had some light skirmishing with the rebel
cavalry on the evening of the l7th. On the 18th we marched through Adairsville, thence to the
plantation of a British subject, where General Wilder had engaged the enemy's cavalry and
repulsed them. Here we bivouacked for the night in an open field, and three companies of the
Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry were thrown out in front of the division as skirmishers. On the
morning of the 19th we resumed the march at an early hour. Marched by a circuitous route to
Kingston, Ga., when we went into camp and remained until the 23d. On the 23d crossed
Hightower [Etowah] River. On the 23d, 24th, 25th, and 26th marched uninterruptedly until the
evening of the 26th. At 7 p.m. the Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry was deployed as skirmishers (in
the vicinity of Dallas) for the division. Immediately after the several companies of the Fortyeighth
were deployed, sharp skirmishing ensued: the skirmishers of the Forty-eighth driving the
rebel skirmishers on our right to within 150 yards of his strong works. On the 27th we were
relieved from the skirmish line and ordered to the brigade. Immediately after receiving the order
we resumed our position on the line and constructed works; but before we had completed our
rifle-pits the enemy charged us in heavy columns, but were handsomely repulsed, with heavy
loss. We remained in our works and on the skirmish line until the morning of the 1st of June.
From the evening of the 26th to the morning of the 1st of June the Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry
lost, in killed and wounded, 55 men.
On the 1st of June we moved to New Hope Church, eight miles northeast from Dallas, where
we were ordered to take our position behind the front line of works. Here we remained until the
morning of the 6th, when we were ordered to march in pursuit of the retreating enemy. We
marched to Acworth, halted, and rested until the morning of the 10th. On the 10th we marched to
Big Shanty, and took our position on the line in front of the enemy's works. Here we remained
until 12 m. on the 15th of June. We were then ordered to the left one mile and a half, for the
purpose of driving the enemy from a prominent hill upon which the general wished to construct a
fort. After driving the enemy from the hill, the Forty-eighth Regiment, with the several other
regiments of the brigade, moved back three-quarters of a mile, perfectly exhausted from fatigue,
thirst, heat, and hunger. We encamped in an open field, where we remained until the morning of
the 19th, when we were ordered to the right one mile, for
the purpose of occupying a line of
40
works which had been constructed by General M. L. Smith, in supporting distance of the Second
Division. Here we remained until the evening of the 25th, when we were ordered to the front line
of works, two miles to the right. Here we remained until 3 a.m., 26th, at which time we were
ordered to relieve the Sixth Iowa. We remained in the works of the Sixth Iowa and on the
skirmish line until the morning of the 3d of July, when we discovered that the enemy had
evacuated the mountain in our front.
From the 1st of June to the 3d of July the Forty-eighth Illinois lost, in killed and wounded, --
men. We were then ordered to march; we marched to Marietta, where we remained until the
morning of the 4th at 11 a.m., when we resumed the march. On the night of the 4th we
bivouacked in the forest contiguous to an open held, the east side of which was occupied by the
enemy. On the 5th we moved in front of the enemy's works, which he had constructed on the
west side of the Chattahoochee River. Here we constructed works on the 6th and 7th, and
remained in vicinity of our works until the evening of the 12th. On the 10th Lieutenant-Colonel
Galbraith was wounded. On the evening of the 12th we resumed the march; passed through
Marietta on the morning of the 13th at 10 a.m. On the 14th we passed through the town of
Roswell, where we crossed the Chattahoochee River. On the 15th we constructed works;
remained in our rifle-pits until the morning of the 17th, when we were ordered forward; marched
until the evening of the 20th, when we halted and constructed works. On the 21st the Fortyeighth
charged the enemy's works, and drove in his pickets; lost 1 commissioned officer and 41
men killed and wounded, and 1 commissioned officer and 2 men prisoners. On the 22d the Fortyeighth
was engaged all day; Colonel Greathouse was killed, and 40 men were killed and
wounded. We held the works which had been constructed by the enemy until the morning of the
27th. On the morning of the 27th we resumed the march at 3 a.m. and marched immediately to
the right, where we took our position on the right of the Sixteenth Army Corps, and directly in
front of the enemy. On the morning of the 28th we were ordered forward in order to feel for the
enemy. Three companies of the Forty-eighth were deployed as skirmishers for the brigade
Immediately after the several companies were deployed sharp skirmishing ensued. Captain
G[rimes], who was commanding the skirmishers, discovered the enemy moving two batteries,
one to his front, and one to the right of his skirmish line, for the purpose of throwing grape and
canister into the skirmish line. After the enemy graped, canistered, and shelled the skirmish line
for the space of half an hour, the commander of the skirmishers discovered the enemy advancing
in strong columns. The skirmishers remained stationary, with undaunted courage, until the
enemy had advanced within thirty feet of our skirmish pits, when Captain G[rimes] gave the
command to fire. The boys being cool and undaunted, immediately responded, pouring the most
deadly volley of musketry into the very face of the enemy, which caused almost a panic in the
rebel ranks, at least they were so confused as to compel the rebel commander to reform his lines
ere he advanced farther. Immediately after firing, the skirmishers retreated and resumed their
respective positions in the regiment. The engagement became general at 10 a.m. and lasted until
4.30 p.m., when the Forty-eighth Illinois was relieved by the Tenth Illinois. The Forty-eighth
Illinois lost 6 commissioned officers and 58 men killed and wounded. The Forty-eighth Illinois
remained on the line where works were constructed by the several regiments of the Fourth
Division until the evening of the 3d August, when we were moved forward to a line of works
which had been constructed and formerly occupied by General Jeff. C. Davis' division, of the
Fourteenth Corps.
EDWARD ADAMS,
Major 48th Illinois Infty. Vet. Vols., Comdg. Regt.
Capt. H. L. PHILIPS,
A. A. A. G., Third Brig., Fourth Div., 15th Army Corps.
41
ARTILLERY HDQRS. FOURTH DIV., 15TH ARMY CORPS,
In the Field, May 21, 1864.
SIR: I have to report the part taken by the artillery of this division at the battle of Resaca to
be as follows:
On Friday, the 13th, the division moved forward, supporting the First Division early in the
day, and at the first opportunity General Harrow ordered up the artillery, and Battery F, First
Illinois Artillery, was brought up, and fired the first shot at the rebel lines at Resaca. This fine
battery fired effectively, and advanced as the rebels retired, doing good service throughout. Later
in the day the First Iowa Battery was brought upon the field and did some fine shooting, and on
the 13th, 14th, and 15th the artillery fire was maintained at fitting intervals. On the 15th Battery
F was retired, and on that night it was placed in a fortified position, but the enemy being gone in
the morning, the battery did not fire from that position. On the 15th the First Iowa Battery was
served slowly most of the day, receiving a well-directed reply from the rebel line which was at
last silenced. On the night of the 15th the enemy evacuated their position. Upon examining that
part of the rebel line upon which the fire of the two batteries was directed, the remains of one
rebel Parrott gun, and of one Napoleon gun carriage were found, and everything tended to show
that our fire was very effective.
I am under many obligations to Captain Burton, commanding Battery F, and to First Lieut.
W. H. Gay, commanding First Iowa Battery, for their valuable services on this occasion. Each
battery lost 1 man severely wounded, and others slightly wounded.
Sergt. Commodore P. Spicer, of the First Iowa Battery, has since died of the wounds received
at Resaca. He was a gallant man, and deserved a better fate. The officers and men of both
batteries did their whole duty.
I forward herewith the reports of battery commanders.
H. H. GRIFFITHS,
Captain and Acting Chief of Artillery.
Capt. O. J. WILKINSON,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
OFFICE CHIEF OF ARTILLERY, FOURTH DIV., 15TH A. C.,
July 26, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor to report the part taken by the artillery of this division in the actions of
the 20th, 21st, and 22d of this month to be as follows:
On the 20th the artillery was ordered forward by Major Maurice, chief of artillery for the
Fifteenth Army Corps. The position was much exposed, and the rebel line such that we could not
reply, the timber being so dense we could see nothing. We remained here without firing a shot,
and had 2 men killed and 9 wounded and lost several horses. On the night of the 20th some
hastily constructed works were thrown up, and we changed front, and early in the morning
opened fire with good effect and fired at intervals all day. To vary the line of fire the guns were
drawn out of the works and served in the open field, exposed to a severe musketry fire. On the
22d the rebels having evacuated their line, it was taken possession of by us, and the rifle-pits
reversed for our use. Both batteries were placed upon this line, but no works were constructed for
them, Early in the day an attack was threatened in our rear, and soon after it became general;
both the batteries were engaged in repulsing this attack, particularly Battery F, which rendered
good service. Soon after this rear attack was made there began an assault from our front or from
toward Atlanta. The First Iowa Battery was moved to the new line and in a moment the rush of
rebel infantry began. We opened fire with case and shell,
and toward the last with canister, firing
42
seventy-two rounds of this last projectile, and entirely preventing one single rebel from
approaching our front. At last the Second Division, Brig. Gen. Morgan L. Smith, commanding,
retreated from their rifle-pits and thus allowed our line to be broken, when the enemy, forming a
new line, began to charge down on our right. Our canister was gone, and finding the infantry
giving way on our right, I at last ordered the guns to be limbered up and retired to our original
line. Soon after I ordered all the artillery at my command to open, and shelled for twenty minutes
the position lately held by us, driving all the rebels entirely from it, when it was retaken by our
infantry without firing a shot. Battery F lost its caissons, they having been parked in rear of the
Second Division, but the caissons, &c., of the First Iowa Battery were brought off safely. I
herewith thank Lieutenant Gay and his battery for their good conduct on that day, and to Captain
Burton for his well-directed fire, he having fired in almost every direction and moved his battery
many times during the course of this hard-fought action.
Herewith please find the official report of the two batteries, which are made a part of this
report.
H. H. GRIFFITHS,
Captain and Chief of Artillery.
Lieutenant VAN DYKE,
Acting Assistant Adjutant-General.
HDQRS. BATTERY F, FIRST REGT. ILLINOIS LIGHT ARTY.,
Near Atlanta, Ga., July 25, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by Battery F, First
Regiment Illinois Light Artillery, in the actions of July 20, 21, and 22, 1864:
The Fourth Division, of the Fifteenth Army Corps, of which Battery F forms a part, moved
on the morning of the 20th from Decatur along the line of the Western and Atlantic Railroad
within about two miles of Atlanta, when, there being evidence of the presence of the enemy in
force, a line of battle was formed along the summit of a ridge directly in the rear of the position
now occupied. My battery remained in column by the side of the railroad until about 4 p.m.,
when my guns and limbers, and the guns and limbers of the First Iowa Battery, were ordered
forward to take a position in the margin of an open field, with a view to silencing a rebel battery
that was shelling the Seventeenth Army Corps from the opposite ridge. In company with the
chief of artillery, I rode forward and examined the position designated, and joined with him in
protesting against the battery occupying the position without defenses, as it was exposed to a
front fire from artillery and a flank fire from musketry. Major Maurice, chief of artillery,
Fifteenth Army Corps, after examining the position, pronounced it untenable, and ordered the
batteries removed. This order was countermanded by his superior officer, and the batteries were
put in position. I did not open, however, and while awaiting orders, a rebel battery opened a
flank fire upon us from a point that the timber prevented us from seeing, and I could not reply, as
an exposure of my position would have resulted in great loss to myself of men and horses, with
no certainty of effecting any damage to the enemy. My loss was, fortunately, but 1 man killed.
During the night of the 20th a work was erected for the protection of the battery, and on the
morning of the 21st I occupied it. Soon after sunrise I opened on the enemy with good effect, but
elicited no reply. Toward noon a large working party was discovered erecting and strengthening
rifle-pits in front of the position occupied by the Seventeenth Army Corps, and nearly on the
flank of my battery. I moved three pieces from my works into the open field, where I could
obtain nearly a flank fire, and opened on them, compelling them for a time to suspend
operations. An attempt was made to return our fire, but only two shots were delivered from their
artillery before they discovered that the place was too
warm, and the remainder of the section,
43
making the attempt, hastily retired, leaving, however, a portion of one carriage and some horses
on the field. My guns were served with efficiency and zeal, all of my men behaving well. My
loss was I sergeant killed and 1 corporal wounded.
On the morning of the 22d the skirmish line was advanced and occupied the enemy's works
with very little resistance. The main line was then moved forward to the line previously occupied
by the enemy, and my battery was placed in position without works, no danger of an assault
being apprehended. Soon after, however, the general commanding the division, ordered works
erected, and a slight parapet was built without embrasures. The work was considered needless by
all who expressed themselves in my hearing with the exception of General Harrow, commanding
the division. Our skirmish line was a long distance in advance and it was supposed that the main
line would be advanced immediately. About 10 or 11 a.m., however, we were surprised by a
report that the enemy had turned the left flank of our line, and that the Sixteenth and Seventeenth
Corps were falling back in disorder. A few moments proved that the report was too true, for we
discovered the Seventeenth Corps falling back across an open field to our left and reforming
behind a slight breast-work perpendicular to the line occupied by us. My caissons were parked in
a deep ravine in the rear of my guns, but as they were exposed to a raking fire from the flanking
force if they opened with artillery, the chief of artillery of the division, believing no attack need
be apprehended on our front, ordered them moved into a road running parallel with, and about
100 yards in the rear of, our main line, affording an exit into the main road in the rear of the
Second Division, Fifteenth Army Corps. I ordered them there in obedience to his orders and
immediately afterward was ordered to move with one section of my battery to the left of our line.
At this time my battery was divided into sections, one section being in our direct front, one
section operating with the Seventeenth Army Corps, one section on the left of our line, and my
caissons in columns in the road in the rear of the Second Division. I was with my left section.
Two of my officers had been detached from the battery, and one was home on sick leave, leaving
me but one officer. Consequently two of my sections and my line of caissons were under the
command of sergeants. But a short time had elapsed after the assault of the enemy on our left had
been repulsed, and a confidence in our ability to hold our lines restored, when a furious assault
was made on the front of the Fourth and Second Divisions of the Fifteenth Army Corps, breaking
the line of the Second Division near the railroad and driving our men from their works. Every
effort was made by the sergeant in charge to save my caissons but without avail, for before they
could reach the main road the rebels had the lead horses by their bridles. The drivers saved
themselves from capture by jumping from their horses into the brush. Two of them were severely
wounded, but the majority escaped unhurt. I am informed by the sergeant in charge that no
cowardice was exhibited by the drivers, and that not a solitary one of them left his saddle until
the road was blockaded by the leading carriage being halted by the rebels. My entire line of
caissons were captured, with all their implements and equipments, and the haversacks, canteens,
blankets and a part of the cooking utensils of the men. The breaking of the line of the Second
Division compelled our division to fall back, and the line was reformed and the artillery placed
in position on the ridge occupied in the morning. As soon as it was fully ascertained that the
enemy were the only occupants of the front line, the artillery in position, consisting of one of my
sections, the First Iowa Battery, and a battery from the Seventeenth Army Corps, under the
direction of the chief of artillery of the Fourth Division, opened a fire so destructive in its effects
that our infantry reoccupied the line broken with scarcely any resistance. This closed the fighting
for the day.
I forward herewith a report of casualties and loss of horses and materials so far as I have been
able to ascertain them.
Yours, very respectfully,
44
J. H. BURTON,
Captain, Comdg. Baty. F, First Regt. Illinois Light Arty.
Brig. Gen. WILLIAM HARROW,
Commanding Fourth Division, 15th Army Corps.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST IOWA BATTERY,
In the Field, Ga., June 4, 1864.
SIR: I have the honor to report that on the 1st of May one section of this battery, commanded
by Lieut. A. S. Curtiss, left Scottsborough, Ala., with the Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army Corps,
marching in the direction of Chattanooga. The two sections remaining being without horses, I
was ordered by the general to remain until horses were sent me, and then at once rejoin the
command. After remaining three days, and finding that there was no probability of receiving
horses at this point, I telegraphed to Major Stolbrand, chief of artillery for the corps, my
situation, who immediately ordered me to proceed with the battery on first train for Chattanooga,
and report. I immediately complied with this order, placing Lieut. D. M. Parks in charge, while I,
with sixteen mounted men and one transportation wagon, marched for Chattanooga, where I
arrived on the 6th at noon; found the guns had arrived the day before. Reporting at corps
headquarters I found that horses were expected on the first train from Nashville. On the 7th the
horses came, and I made immediate preparation to rejoin the division. Many of the horses were
without shoes, and I was compelled to delay long enough to get them shod. Left Chattanooga on
the 9th, and reached the command at Snake [Creek] Gap on the evening of the 11th.
On the 13th we moved upon the enemy, and found him in force at Resaca About 4 p.m. I was
ordered by you to take position on the right of Company F, First Illinois Artillery, and on the
extreme right of the division, in front of heavy works of the enemy, and open fire. Our fire was
well directed, and the effect was good. On the 14th one section of the battery was ordered to take
position farther to the left, to enfilade the enemy's works. Good firing was done, eliciting a
response. On the 15th the entire battery opened a heavy fire, and drew a heavy and well-directed
response from the enemy. But their guns were silenced in every instance. Some of our firing was
the best I ever saw, and brought forth many cheers from our skirmishers in front. On the night of
the 15th the rebels evacuated. On examination of the rebel works in the direction of our fire, one
gun was found dismounted and broken and one carriage destroyed.
Our guns were new 10-pounder Parrotts and worked admirably, and the effect of the firing
proved them to be a very effective gun.
I am under obligations to Lieuts. A. S. Curtiss and Thomas A. Ijams for their efficiency and
good conduct throughout.
Corpls. Samuel Black, Clinton E. Olney, and Alonzo C. Blanchard are deserving of great
credit for their coolness and the accuracy with which they fired their guns.
I cannot close without mentioning the admirable conduct of First Sergt. William R. Lebert,
who had charge of one section during the engagement. I am under many obligations to him.
Our loss was 2 wounded, Sergt. C. P. Spicer severely, in the right leg, since died. He was a
veteran and a most worthy and efficient officer, and his loss is regretted by both men and
officers.
Corpl. C. E. Olney was wounded slightly in the right leg.
I am happy to say that the entire command acquitted itself well, for which the men deserve
the praise.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. H. GAY,
Lieutenant, Commanding First Iowa Battery.
45
Capt. H. H. GRIFFITHS,
Chief of Artillery. Fourth Division.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST IOWA BATTERY,
Before Atlanta, Ga., July 25, 1864.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part taken by the battery on
the 20th and 21st instant:
In the afternoon of the 20th I was ordered by you to take position on the extreme left of the
division and in the edge of a timber fronting an open field, with orders not to open fire till
instructed so to do from you. I moved the battery to the place indicated, and while getting into
position a rebel battery opened on our right flank with a well-directed and destructive fire, killing
and wounding in the short space of fifteen minutes 7 of my men and 4 of my horses. I remained
here till night, the enemy occasionally firing, but doing us no further damage. About dark I was
ordered by you to change my front to the right and put my guns in the best position the ground
would admit of, which I did. During the night I put up temporary works as good as the exhausted
state of my men and the want of proper tools could warrant. In the morning (21st) I was ordered
by you to open fire. This I did with great effect, as could be plainly seen, causing the enemy
great discomfort, forcing them to retire, and giving the right of the Seventeenth Corps an
opportunity to advance their lines. A good portion of the time I had three of my guns out of the
works--firing in the open field.
My men all behaved well--extremely well, which I am proud to acknowledge.
The firing done by Corpl. William Watson was as good as I ever saw.
I regret to record the death of Sergt. Alonzo C. Blanchard, who was killed while getting his
gun into position on the 20th. His death is regretted by all; genial, brave, and manly, he had the
good will of all who knew him.
Lieut. Thomas A. Ijams was seriously wounded in the left leg, which occasioned me the loss
of a brave and efficient officer for some time to come.
The following is the list of casualties.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. H. GAY,
Lieutenant, Commanding First Iowa Battery.
Capt. H. H. GRIFFITHS,
Chief of Artillery, Fourth Division.
-----
HEADQUARTERS FIRST IOWA BATTERY,
Before Atlanta, Ga., July 25, 1864.
CAPTAIN: I have the honor to make the following report of the part which this battery took
in the action of the 22d instant:
Early in the morning it was discovered that the enemy were leaving their works in our
immediate front, and our skirmishers pushing forward, soon had possession of the works. Not
long after I was ordered by you to move the battery to the front, across the ravine, and to the left
of my old position, and take position on a knoll with directions to open fire on the city as soon as
Battery H, First Illinois, opened, which was to be the signal. The signal not being given, I did not
fire. About 1 p.m. firing was heard on our left and rear, and this not far off. It became evident to
me at once that the enemy were endeavoring to turn our left. The firing soon became heavy.
About this time you came up and ordered my two Napoleon guns to the left, but they were not
used. In the mean time I changed the front of my battery to the left, and was ready to open fire.
At this juncture General Harrow came up and told me that I
had better not open fire then, as there
46
was danger of firing into our own men. I was also told that there were two or three batteries in
my front. I then concluded to move the battery across the ravine in my rear and get in battery on
the hill. When I reached the crossing, I found a battery there already making an effort to cross.
Finding that I could not cross at once, I went into battery with three of my guns (Sergeant Lebert
having joined me with the section of Napoleons) on a little knoll in front of the caissons. About
this time you came up and ordered the battery to the hill on the opposite side of the ravine, and
here ordered me to open fire, which I did. The firing, however, was soon discontinued. I here
ordered my caissons and transportation up under cover of the hill, and about 200 yards in the rear
of the battery.
Shortly after it became evident that the enemy were preparing to charge our front, and you at
once ordered me to change the front of the battery to the right, and push it down to the rifle-pits,
which had been hastily constructed by our division out of the works the rebels had vacated. We
had scarcely put ourselves in position when the enemy charged our lines with the greatest fury. I
opened fire on their advancing columns with case-shot first, and then with canister, and with
great effect. They were checked in the front of our division, but continued to charge with
unabated fury in the front of the Second Division, and finally succeeded in breaking the line.
This compelled the right of our division to fall back (though not without hard fighting), which
was done in good order. In the mean time I had turned three of my guns to the right, firing
canister, with the hope of checking the enemy's advance. But the line was too thoroughly broken,
and you seeing this, ordered me to take my guns out. Five of them I got out without sustaining
any loss in men or animals, but the sixth piece, being on the extreme right, was more exposed.
Three of the horses were shot, and it seemed for a time that the piece must be lost; but after much
personal exertion I succeeded in getting it off also. For this I am much indebted to Lieutenant
Curtiss and Private Hugh McKeloogue, who remained with the gun to the last.
I then sent for my caissons, well knowing they were in danger. I had placed them in charge of
Corpl. Elliott Frazier, and gallantly did he sustain his trust. Seeing that the caissons were in great
danger, he promptly moved them back out of the reach of the enemy, without the loss of a strap.
I am greatly indebted to him for the prompt and energetic action in this affair. To him I feel that I
owe the safety of my caissons, and I cannot say too much in his praise.
I must also mention the good conduct of Quartermaster-Sergt. R. Z. Bell in promptly putting
my transportation out of danger, which he did with great personal exertion. The battery never
sustained itself better than on this occasion, and this I attribute to the indomitable courage of the
men. I cannot say too much in their praise. All did their duty well.
I cannot close this without mention of the gallant Forty-eighth Illinois, who stood by us to the
last, and to them I feel that I owe in a great measure the safety of the battery on this occasion,
for, while we were getting out the enemy turned fire on us. At this point more than 100 of the
Forty-eighth Illinois rushed out in front of the battery and opened fire, which for the moment
checked them, and enabled us to get away. In this struggle this regiment lost their gallant
colonel, lamented by all.
The following are the casualties on this occasion:
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. H. GAY,
Lieutenant, Commanding First Iowa Battery.
Capt. H. H. GRIFFITHS,
Chief of Artillery, Fourth Division.
HDQRS. LEFT WING, SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS,
Saint Louis, Mo., November 25, 1864.
47
COLONEL: I have the honor herewith to submit my report of the operations of this
command during the campaign in Georgia, from its commencement up to and including August
19, at which time I was compelled, on account of wounds that day received, to relinquish the
command.
On the 29th day of April, 1864, the command, consisting of the Second and Fourth
Divisions, and First Alabama Cavalry, Sixteenth Army Corps (excepting the Third Brigade of
the Fourth Division, which was left at Decatur, Ala.) moved east, the Second Division, Brig.
Gen. T. W. Sweeny commanding, moving from Pulaski, Tenn., and Athens, Ala., the Fourth
Division, Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch commanding, from Decatur, Ala., with orders to concentrate at
Huntsville, Ala.
From Huntsville, May 2, the command moved along the main road toward Stevenson, Ala.,
until May 4, when the command embarked on cars for Chattanooga, Tenn, the Second Division
from Larkinsville, and the Fourth Division from Woodville. The transportation and artillery of
the command, except one battery to each division taken on cars, was sent by land on main road
to Chattanooga, via Bridgeport, under escort of the Ninth Illinois Mounted Infantry and a portion
of the First Alabama Cavalry, under command of Lieut. Col. J. J. Phillips, Ninth Illinois
Mounted Infantry. The entire command reached and debarked at Chattanooga on the morning of
May 5, and with three days rations in haversacks immediately marched out on the Rossville road.
The Second Division, in advance, bivouacked at Gordon's Mills, on Chickamauga Creek, and the
Fourth Division at Rossville. The command moved May 7, Fourth Division in advance, on the
Tavern road, via Rock Spring Church, and bivouacked near Gordon's Gap, on Little
Chickamauga Creek. The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Col. (now Brig. Gen.) J. W. Sprague
commanding, was pushed forward to seize and hold Ship's Gap, which was accomplished, with
slight skirmishing, at 9 p.m. May 8, the command, Second Division in advance, moved, by way
of Ship's Gap and Villanow, to Snake Creek Gap, which was occupied, and the command
bivouacked therein--the Ninth Illinois Mounted Infantry, supported by the Thirty-ninth Iowa
Infantry, being pushed forward to Sugar Creek Valley, to hold the eastern outlet of the gap.
During the night I received orders to move at 6 a.m., May 9, toward Resaca, advancing as far as
Rome Cross-Roads, in Sugar Valley, and there await specific orders and instructions, the object
of the, move, as stated to me, being to demonstrate on Resaca while other troops would cut the
railroad north of that place.
At daylight in the morning (May 9) the advance, consisting of the Ninth Illinois Mounted
Infantry and Thirty-ninth Iowa Infantry, was attacked by Ferguson's brigade of the enemy's
cavalry. The Second Brigade of the Second Division was immediately ordered up, and, moving
forward, promptly drove and routed the enemy. In this engagement the gallant Lieut. Col. Jesse
J. Phillips, commanding Ninth Illinois Mounted Infantry, was severely wounded. Upon reaching
Rome Cross-Roads I received orders to advance on Resaca, pressing forward until I should
succeed in developing the enemy in line of battle or in his fortifications, and, if I gained the
Calhoun and Dalton cross-roads, one mile west of Resaca, to hold them until one division of the
Fifteenth Army Corps should arrive and relieve me. I advanced steadily, meeting with
considerable resistance and skirmishing heavily the entire distance to the last-named cross-roads,
when the enemy was discovered in line of battle on the Bald Hill, about three-quarters of a mile
west of Resaca, and in his works at Resaca. Leaving the Fourth Division at the crossroads I
immediately ordered the Second Division formed in two lines, and, advancing it rapidly, drove
the enemy, took possession of the Bald Hill, and held it. My position and that of the enemy and
his strength was promptly reported to Major-General McPherson, who soon thereafter arrived on
the ground and directed me to send a few mounted men up the Dalton road to reconnoiter the
country and find an approach to the railroad in that
direction. He also directed me to hold the
48
Bald Hill and cross-roads until the Fifteenth Army Corps arrived. I immediately sent a
detachment of eighteen mounted men (all I had left), under Captain Hughes, Ninth Illinois
Mounted Infantry, up the Dalton road. This force struck the railroad about two miles south of
Tilton (which they found strongly patrolled by the enemy's cavalry) and succeeded in cutting the
telegraph wires and in burning a wood station, reporting to me without loss at dark. About 4 p.m.
I received orders to advance my left, the Fourth Division, to the railroad north of Resaca, and
hold the Bald Hill with the Second Division. General Veatch was immediately ordered to move,
with Fuller's and Sprague's brigades, of his (Fourth) division, massed in close column by
divisions, and, forming promptly, he moved rapidly across the west fork of Mill Creek, in plain
view of Resaca. The enemy, observing the movement, opened a heavy fire from his batteries
upon the column, and also, together with rapid musketry, upon the left of the Second Division,
doing, however, but little execution. After having moved the column across the first open field, I
received from General McPherson an order directing me to look well to my right, as the enemy
was massing and pressing forward in that direction. Colonel (now Brigadier-General) Fuller led
the advance of the column, and, just as he was gaining cover of the woods on the east side of
Mill Creek, I received notice that Colonel (now Brigadier-General) Sprague's brigade had been
halted, by order of General McPherson, to support the left of the Second Division and hold the
space between that division and the Fourth Division. I was with the advance (Fuller's brigade).
The skirmishers had just reported that they were within a short distance of the railroad when the
enemy opened fire upon the brigade with a regiment of infantry and a battery in position, directly
on our right. I immediately sent orders to Colonel Fuller to charge the battery and swing still
farther to the north, under cover of the timber. Before this order was executed I received orders
from General McPherson to withdraw the brigade and close upon Colonel Sprague, who was
formed on the left of the Second Division. This had to be done in view of the enemy, whose
batteries had a point-blank range across the open fields upon the column. Colonel Fuller
deployed his brigade under cover of the timber, and, withdrawing by regiments across the open
fields, formed in position on the west side of Mill Creek. By the time the withdrawal was
accomplished it was sunset, and I received orders to withdraw the command and return to Snake
Creek Gap. I accordingly withdrew the command and bivouacked, about 12 o'clock at night, at
the eastern outlet of the gap. The Sixty-sixth Illinois Infantry skirmished from Snake Creek Gap
to Resaca, some eight miles, driving the enemy before them the entire distance without detention
to the column. My loss during the day was 29 killed, wounded, and missing. We took some 30
prisoners. An official report, seen some days after in the rebel papers, showed that one of the
enemy's regiments at Resaca lost 70 men killed and wounded. During the entire day the
command acted under the personal direction of Major-General McPherson, and promptly obeyed
and executed all his orders. My transportation had not as yet reached me. I had with the entire
corps, since leaving Chattanooga, only seventeen wagons, and I had marched out in the morning
without rations, most of the command having been without food since the day before at noon.
Thus a march of sixteen miles was made by the command, the men and animals whereof had had
nothing to eat for a day and a half.
The command remained at Snake Creek Gap, intrenching its position and bringing forward
transportation and supplies, until May 13, when it moved out with the army. The Fourth
Division, being in advance, formed on the right of the Fifteenth Army Corps (the Second
Division in reserve), and advanced to Mill Creek, fronting Resaca, with the right resting on
Oostenaula River. Batteries were placed in positions that commanded the town, and the division
intrenched. On May 14 the Second Division, which had remained in reserve, was ordered to
Lay's Ferry to cover the laying of a pontoon bridge, and secure a crossing over the Oostenaula.
During the afternoon a portion of the Second Brigade,
Second Division (Sixty-sixth Illinois
49
Infantry and Eighty-first Ohio Infantry), crossed the river, drove the enemy from his rifle-pits,
and captured a number of prisoners and 1 battle-flag. Reports having reached General Sweeny
that the enemy was crossing in force at Calhoun Ferry, that officer withdrew the brigade (Sixtysixth
Illinois and Eighty-first Ohio) to the north side of the river, and sent the Third Brigade to
ascertain the truth in relation to the reported crossing of the enemy at Calhoun Ferry, and found
the report false. During the afternoon the line of hills east of Mill Creek and directly in front of
Resaca were charged and carried. The Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Col. (now Brig. Gen.) J.
W. Sprague commanding, participated in the charge, and received from General Woods (under
whose orders he acted) great credit for the gallant and efficient manner in which it aided in
carrying and holding the lines. In the charge the right of the Fifteenth Army Corps becoming
much exposed, General J. C. Veatch, in order to cover and protect it, threw forward the Thirtyninth
Ohio Infantry, of the First Brigade, Fourth Division. This regiment did its work most
nobly, capturing the enemy's skirmish line, including 3 commissioned officers, and held the
position taken, which during the night was intrenched.
On the morning of the 15th the First Brigade, Second Division, Col. (now Brig. Gen.) E. W.
Rice commanding, was thrown across the Oostenaula at Lay's Ferry. The pontoon bridge was
laid, and Second Brigade, Second Division, crossed. The troops had scarcely got into position
when the First Brigade was attacked by a portion of Walkers division, Hardee's corps, in largely
superior force, which impetuously charged down upon the brigade. Colonel Rice, by an
admirable maneuver, caught the enemy in flank, while the batteries, in position on the north side